一、含義：在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句，叫做定語從句，它所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句 二、關(guān)系代詞
1）關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語。 2）關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom在一般情況下可以省略。
①做主語時不能省略 ②做動詞賓語可省，做介詞賓語不可省略。 1. who
指人，在定語從句中可充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。 I know about the man who spoke to you just now.
The man (who) we invited to the party is Professor Smith. 2. whom
指人，在定語從句中作賓語，口語中也可用who代替。 Here is the man (whom/who) you are looking for. 3. whose
可修飾人也可修飾物，在定語從句中作定語。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. 指物時：whose + n. = the + n. + of which/whom. The room whose windows face south is mine.
= The room the windows of which face south is mine. 4. which
指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。 China is a country which has a long history.
5. that既指人也可指物，從句中作主語、賓語或表語，可代替who, whom, which，但習(xí)慣上常用who, whom指人，用which指物。
The woman that spoke to me in the bookstore used to live next door. 三、只能用that不用which的情況
1. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞級修飾時。如：This is the best book (that) I have ever read.
2. 先行詞是不定代詞all, little, much, everything等。如：I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun. 我想把魯迅的著作全讀完。
3. 先行詞被any, every, no, one of, the only, the right, last, just等詞修飾。 Are there any questions that trouble you much?
4. 先行詞既指人又指物時。
They talked about the schools and teachers that they had visited. 5. 當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。 Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there. 6. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作to be的表語時。 Tom isn’t the boy that he used to be.
7. 先行詞前有such或the same修飾，先行詞和關(guān)系代詞指同一物時。 This is the same bike that I lost two weeks ago. 四、只能用which不能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。 1. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時。
This is the house in which he once lived. 2. 代替句子一部分或全部。
She studies hard at school, which makes her parents happy. 五、只能用who不能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。
1. 先行詞指人的不定代詞時，如one, anyone, no one, all, anybody等 All who have studied this question have come to the same conclusion. 2. 先行詞是those且指人時。
Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 3. 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時。 There is a young lady who asks for you. 七、關(guān)系副詞when/where/why
代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。 1. when
表時間，先行詞是時間名詞，如time, day, hour, year等。 I can't forget the night when I came to the farm.
2. where表地點(diǎn)，先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，如place, factory, house, village等。The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 3. why
表原因，先行詞是reason.
This is the reason why he left early.
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom
D. this 2. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which
D. what 3. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. /
4. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 5. That is the day ______I’ll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where
B. that
C. which D. there
8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who
B. who’s
C. which
D. whose
14. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
15. I can still remember the sitting room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what
B. which C. that D. where
16. Finally the thief handed in everything _____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. that C. what D. whatever 17. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who 18. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. with whom I went B. I went with C. with who I went D. I went with him 19. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there 20. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21. The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23. You’re the only person ______I’ve ever met ______could do it. A. who; / B. /; whom C. whom; / D. /; who 24. I lost a book, ______I can’t remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which
B. for that
C. in which
D. what
26. I can never forget the day ____ we worked together and the day ___ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 27. The way ______he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D. / 28. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which
B. with which
C. that
D. for which
29. This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 30. The reason ______ he didn’t come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that
B. that; why
C. for that; that
D. for which; what
答案：1-5 AACCA 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CDDDD 16-20 BDACB 21-25 DCDAA 26-30 ADDBA
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1）關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語。 2）關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom在一般情況下可以省略。
①做主語時不能省略 ②做動詞賓語可省，做介詞賓語不可省略。 1. who
指人，在定語從句中可充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。 I know about the man who spoke to you just now.
The man (who) we invited to the party is Professor Smith. 2. whom
指人，在定語從句中作賓語，口語中也可用who代替。 Here is the man (whom/who) you are looking for. 3. whose
可修飾人也可修飾物，在定語從句中作定語。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. 指物時：whose + n. = the + n. + of which/whom. The room whose windows face south is mine.
= The room the windows of which face south is mine. 4. which
指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。 China is a country which has a long history.
5. that既指人也可指物，從句中作主語、賓語或表語，可代替who, whom, which，但習(xí)慣上常用who, whom指人，用which指物。
The woman that spoke to me in the bookstore used to live next door. 三、只能用that不用which的情況
1. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞級修飾時。如：This is the best book (that) I have ever read.
2. 先行詞是不定代詞all, little, much, everything等。如：I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun. 我想把魯迅的著作全讀完。
3. 先行詞被any, every, no, one of, the only, the right, last, just等詞修飾。 Are there any questions that trouble you much?
4. 先行詞既指人又指物時。
They talked about the schools and teachers that they had visited. 5. 當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。 Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there. 6. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作to be的表語時。 Tom isn’t the boy that he used to be.
7. 先行詞前有such或the same修飾，先行詞和關(guān)系代詞指同一物時。 This is the same bike that I lost two weeks ago. 四、只能用which不能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。 1. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時。
This is the house in which he once lived. 2. 代替句子一部分或全部。
She studies hard at school, which makes her parents happy. 五、只能用who不能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況。
1. 先行詞指人的不定代詞時，如one, anyone, no one, all, anybody等 All who have studied this question have come to the same conclusion. 2. 先行詞是those且指人時。
Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 3. 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時。 There is a young lady who asks for you. 七、關(guān)系副詞when/where/why
代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。 1. when
表時間，先行詞是時間名詞，如time, day, hour, year等。 I can't forget the night when I came to the farm.
2. where表地點(diǎn)，先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，如place, factory, house, village等。The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 3. why
表原因，先行詞是reason.
This is the reason why he left early.
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom
D. this 2. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which
D. what 3. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. /
4. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 5. That is the day ______I’ll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where
B. that
C. which D. there
8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who
B. who’s
C. which
D. whose
14. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
15. I can still remember the sitting room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what
B. which C. that D. where
16. Finally the thief handed in everything _____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. that C. what D. whatever 17. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who 18. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. with whom I went B. I went with C. with who I went D. I went with him 19. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there 20. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21. The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23. You’re the only person ______I’ve ever met ______could do it. A. who; / B. /; whom C. whom; / D. /; who 24. I lost a book, ______I can’t remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which
B. for that
C. in which
D. what
26. I can never forget the day ____ we worked together and the day ___ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 27. The way ______he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D. / 28. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which
B. with which
C. that
D. for which
29. This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 30. The reason ______ he didn’t come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that
B. that; why
C. for that; that
D. for which; what
答案：1-5 AACCA 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CDDDD 16-20 BDACB 21-25 DCDAA 26-30 ADDBA
2014年中考全科秘訣??！點(diǎn)擊免費(fèi)查看>>