《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-主謂一致要點(diǎn)歸納（一）》由留學(xué)英語(yǔ)組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本內(nèi)容整理時(shí)間為05月12日，如有任何問(wèn)題請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。
主謂一致要點(diǎn)歸納（一）
英語(yǔ)中，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與句子的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即主謂一致。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，主謂一致要遵循三個(gè)原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。語(yǔ)法一致原則就是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定；意義一致原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)的意義而不是形式?jīng)Q定，即使主語(yǔ)的形式是復(fù)數(shù)但意義上是單數(shù)的話，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式；就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由靠近它的名詞的數(shù)決定。
一、以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 如果以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞表示的是學(xué)科或國(guó)家時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
Physics is such a difficult subject that I can’t understand it .
The United Nations is made up of more than one hundred countries .
2. 有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞表示兩個(gè)對(duì)稱部分組成的事物，如 trousers，shoes，glasses，scissors 等，它們單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，但如果前面有 a / this pair / sort / kind of 等修飾時(shí)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
My shoes are the gifts from my grand - mother .
This kind of shoes is very popular this summer .
3. 有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞如 goods （貨物），arms （武器），clothes （衣服），thanks （感謝）等只作復(fù)數(shù)用，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
All the goods were shipped from America .
All the arms you want have been prepared .
4. 一些單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞如 means （方法），works （工廠），headquarters （總部）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)單數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
如：
All the means have been tried to save the patient .
The quickest means of travel is by plane .
二、集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 只能作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞如 furniture （家具），machinery （機(jī)器），equipment （設(shè)備）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
The advanced equipment has been offered to the factory .
All the furniture in my home is made in Hong Kong .
2. 只能用作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞如 people，police，cattle （牲畜）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
The working people are brave and great .
The police were searching the area for two thieves .
3. 還有一些既可以用作復(fù)數(shù)又可以用作單數(shù)的集體名詞，如 team，class，family，club，government，public 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體成員，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
My family is a happy one .
All my family are fond of taking exercise .
三、由 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞若表示不同的概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，若表示同一事物或一個(gè)整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
The writer and the singer are going to pay a visit to our school .
The writer and singer is going to pay a visit to our school .
War and peace is always the topic for the people all over the world .
2. 如果 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞前有 each，every，no 等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
Each girl and each boy has a chance to ask a question .
No parent and child was late for the sports meeting .
四、數(shù)量詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 表示具體數(shù)量的名詞詞組作主語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
Twenty dollars is not enough to buy this book .
There are twenty dollars on the desk .
2. “分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù) +of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。如：
Two thirds of the students in this school have been admitted to universities .
Two thirds of the water has been polluted in this river .
3. “ all / some / most / none of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定，但“ none of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用單數(shù)形式也可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
All the leaders were present at the meeting .
None of your answers is / are right .
4. “ many a / more than one + 單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
Many a student has passed this difficult exam .
5. “ a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而“ the number of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如：
A number of boy students are football fans .
The number of the students in this school has been increasing these years .
6. “ a / this kind / type / sort 等 + of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，但“復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +of +a / this kind / type / sort ”等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
This kind of men is dangerous .
Men of this kind are dangerous .[1][2]
《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-主謂一致要點(diǎn)歸納（一）》由留學(xué)英語(yǔ)組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)
主謂一致要點(diǎn)歸納（一）
英語(yǔ)中，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與句子的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即主謂一致。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，主謂一致要遵循三個(gè)原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。語(yǔ)法一致原則就是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定；意義一致原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)的意義而不是形式?jīng)Q定，即使主語(yǔ)的形式是復(fù)數(shù)但意義上是單數(shù)的話，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式；就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由靠近它的名詞的數(shù)決定。
一、以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 如果以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞表示的是學(xué)科或國(guó)家時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
Physics is such a difficult subject that I can’t understand it .
The United Nations is made up of more than one hundred countries .
2. 有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞表示兩個(gè)對(duì)稱部分組成的事物，如 trousers，shoes，glasses，scissors 等，它們單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，但如果前面有 a / this pair / sort / kind of 等修飾時(shí)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
My shoes are the gifts from my grand - mother .
This kind of shoes is very popular this summer .
3. 有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞如 goods （貨物），arms （武器），clothes （衣服），thanks （感謝）等只作復(fù)數(shù)用，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
All the goods were shipped from America .
All the arms you want have been prepared .
4. 一些單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞如 means （方法），works （工廠），headquarters （總部）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)單數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
如：
All the means have been tried to save the patient .
The quickest means of travel is by plane .
二、集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 只能作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞如 furniture （家具），machinery （機(jī)器），equipment （設(shè)備）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
The advanced equipment has been offered to the factory .
All the furniture in my home is made in Hong Kong .
2. 只能用作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞如 people，police，cattle （牲畜）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
The working people are brave and great .
The police were searching the area for two thieves .
3. 還有一些既可以用作復(fù)數(shù)又可以用作單數(shù)的集體名詞，如 team，class，family，club，government，public 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體成員，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
My family is a happy one .
All my family are fond of taking exercise .
三、由 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞若表示不同的概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，若表示同一事物或一個(gè)整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
The writer and the singer are going to pay a visit to our school .
The writer and singer is going to pay a visit to our school .
War and peace is always the topic for the people all over the world .
2. 如果 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞前有 each，every，no 等詞修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：
Each girl and each boy has a chance to ask a question .
No parent and child was late for the sports meeting .
四、數(shù)量詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致
1. 表示具體數(shù)量的名詞詞組作主語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
Twenty dollars is not enough to buy this book .
There are twenty dollars on the desk .
2. “分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù) +of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。如：
Two thirds of the students in this school have been admitted to universities .
Two thirds of the water has been polluted in this river .
3. “ all / some / most / none of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定，但“ none of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用單數(shù)形式也可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
All the leaders were present at the meeting .
None of your answers is / are right .
4. “ many a / more than one + 單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
Many a student has passed this difficult exam .
5. “ a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而“ the number of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如：
A number of boy students are football fans .
The number of the students in this school has been increasing these years .
6. “ a / this kind / type / sort 等 + of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，但“復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +of +a / this kind / type / sort ”等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
This kind of men is dangerous .
Men of this kind are dangerous .[1][2]
《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-主謂一致要點(diǎn)歸納（一）》由留學(xué)英語(yǔ)組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)