在英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力里，短文聽(tīng)力是難度較大的一種，因此，考生可以在日常的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力里多進(jìn)行一些短文聽(tīng)力，強(qiáng)化自己這方面的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力能力。下面是分享的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料。歡迎閱讀參考！
1.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《酸奶》
When you open a container of yogurt, you’ll often see liquid collected on top. Some people mix it back into the yogurt, and others drain it off. What is it, and where does it come from?
打開(kāi)一盒酸奶，你常常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有一層液體浮在表面。有的人把它拌入酸奶中，有的人則將這層液體倒掉。這層液體究竟是什么東西，它又是從哪來(lái)的呢?
To solve the mystery of the liquid in yogurt, let’s take a few steps back, to the milk that yogurt is made of. Milk has two different types of proteins. Most of the proteins are casein proteins, and the rest are whey proteins–of curds and whey fame.
為了揭開(kāi)酸奶中這層液體的神秘面紗，讓我們往回追溯，去看看制作酸奶的原料—牛奶。牛奶有兩種不同類(lèi)型的蛋白質(zhì)。大部分蛋白質(zhì)是酪蛋白，其余是乳清蛋白，包括凝質(zhì)和乳清。
If you look at a glass of milk, you can’t tell the casein from the whey. But that changes when special bacteria are added to milk to make yogurt. Yogurt-producing bacteria ferment the sugars in milk and produce an acid. As a result, the mixture is more acidic than before, and this higher acidity solidifies the casein proteins. The whey proteins, on the other hand, don’t solidify, and separate out from the casein as liquid.
單單看一杯牛奶，我們是無(wú)法從中分辨出酪蛋白和乳清的。但是往牛奶中加入特殊的細(xì)菌來(lái)制作酸奶時(shí)，情況就不一樣了。制作酸奶用的細(xì)菌會(huì)發(fā)酵牛奶中的糖并制 成酸。因此，混合物比之前更酸，更高的酸度使得酪蛋白凝固。而另一方面，乳清蛋白則不會(huì)凝固，它會(huì)從酪蛋白中以液體的形式分離出來(lái)。
Yogurt you buy in the store has a stabilizer, usually fruit pectin, to keep the solid casein and liquid whey mixed together. But some of the whey still separates out from the casein, and that’s what you see when you open the yogurt container.
你在超市買(mǎi)到的酸奶中含有一種穩(wěn)定劑，通常是果膠，它的作用是讓固體的酪蛋白和液體的乳清混合在一起。但是部分乳清仍然從酪蛋白中分離出來(lái)，那就是你在打開(kāi)酸奶包裝時(shí)所看到的液體。
Whey contains not only proteins but also B vitamins, including riboflavin, niacin, and thiamin, which can’t be found in the solid portion of the yogurt. Because of the nutritional value of whey, your best bet is to mix it back into the rest of the yogurt, then gobble it down!
乳清不僅含有蛋白質(zhì)還有維生素B，維生素B包括核黃素，煙酸和硫*素，這些物質(zhì)反倒無(wú)法在酸奶的固體部分中獲得。因?yàn)槿榍宓臓I(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，你佳的選擇是把它和酸奶攪拌在一起，然后一飲而盡!
2.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《天花的歷史》
In Shakespeare’s day, wishing a pox on someone was a terrible curse. Ten percent of the population in 17th century London died gruesomely of smallpox, a virus spread easily by airborne particles or contaminated clothing. Infection began with fever, aches, sneezing, and nausea. Soon a rash of red dots appeared, often covering the skin with dripping scabs. Though some recovered, people could become blind, deaf, or severely scarred from smallpox.
在莎士比亞時(shí)代，詛咒某人得天花是非常惡毒的。在17世紀(jì)的倫敦，有百分之十的人死于天花這種恐怖的疾病,這是一種可以通過(guò)空氣和被污染的衣服傳播的病 毒?；颊弑桓腥竞蟮那膀?qū)癥狀是發(fā)燒、疼痛、打噴嚏和惡心。隨后很快出現(xiàn)紅色斑丘疹，而后通常會(huì)發(fā)展成皮膚上的滴痂。盡管有些人病愈了，但是他們會(huì)因此失去 聽(tīng)覺(jué)、雙目失明或者留下很深的疤痕。
None of the physicians’ attempts to treat smallpox with sheep manure or a golden needle helped at all. But European peasants and traditional healers in Africa and Asia had discovered that exposure to a very small dose of the virus offered some protection.
當(dāng)時(shí)的內(nèi)科醫(yī)生嘗試用羊糞或金針幫助治療天花，但是毫無(wú)作用。但是歐洲的'農(nóng)民和非洲及亞洲的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師發(fā)現(xiàn)，感染極少量的天花病毒會(huì)帶給人體一定的免疫作用。
Traditional healers inoculated scratches in the skin with a small amount of pus infected with smallpox. About one in 200 people died from this procedure, but most became mildly sick, recovering in a few days. In the process, they gained immunity to the disease.
傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師通過(guò)給正常人注射天花患者的少量膿液來(lái)進(jìn)行預(yù)防接種。這種治療方法的死亡率是兩百分之一，但是大多數(shù)人癥狀輕微，會(huì)在幾天內(nèi)恢復(fù)。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，他們獲得了對(duì)天花病毒的免疫力。
Because smallpox inoculation exposed people to such a tiny dose of the virus, it caused far fewer deaths than the natural spread of the disease. Still, London physicians were skeptical of anything peasants or traditional healers did. Not until fashionable Lady Mary Wortley Montagu returned from Turkey did it catch on with the upper classes.
因?yàn)榻臃N天花疫苗時(shí)使用的病毒劑量是非常微小的,它所導(dǎo)致的死亡和天花的自然傳播相比是微不足道的。不過(guò),倫敦醫(yī)生對(duì)農(nóng)民和傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師的這種治療方法仍舊持懷疑態(tài)度。直到瑪麗•沃爾特利•孟塔古從土耳其回國(guó)后，這種治療方法才在上流社會(huì)中流行起來(lái)。
Having observed Turkish healers, Lady Mary had her son inoculated in London and published a pamphlet explaining the procedure. Soon, even physicians saw that inoculation gave people a better chance of contracting a mild case of smallpox, preventing many deaths.
通過(guò)觀察土耳其醫(yī)師的治療方法,瑪麗夫人讓她的兒子接受了預(yù)防接種，并且在倫敦出版了一個(gè)小冊(cè)子來(lái)解釋這種治療過(guò)程。很快，甚至是那些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生也注意到這種接種方法只會(huì)讓人們出現(xiàn)輕微的天花癥狀，它拯救了很多人的性命。
3.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《虛擬學(xué)?！?BR> Forty-two of the fifty American states offered some kind of public online learning this past school year. One state, Michigan, now requires all students to have an online learning experience before they finish high school.
過(guò)去的一個(gè)學(xué)年，美國(guó)50個(gè)州中有42個(gè)州提供了某種形式的公共網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在，密歇根州要求所有學(xué)生在高中畢業(yè)之前都有網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。
Even the idea of a school has changed since the rise of the Internet in the nineteen nineties.
自90年代互聯(lián)網(wǎng)興起以來(lái)，學(xué)校的理念甚至都已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化。
A new report from the Center for Evaluation and Education Policy at Indiana University says eighteen states have full-time virtual schools. There are no buildings. All classes are online.
印第安納大學(xué)評(píng)估和教育政策中心一份新的報(bào)告稱(chēng)，18個(gè)州擁有全日制虛擬學(xué)校，沒(méi)有校舍，所有的課程都是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上學(xué)習(xí)。
Online learners might work at different times. But there might be set times for class discussions — by text, voice or video — and virtual office hours for teachers.
網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)院可以在不同的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，但是課堂討論必須在既定的時(shí)間進(jìn)行——通過(guò)短信、音頻或視頻——對(duì)于教師來(lái)說(shuō)也有固定的虛擬工作時(shí)間。
Flofida started the first statewide public virtual school in the United States in nineteen ninety-seven.
1997年，佛羅里達(dá)開(kāi)設(shè)了美國(guó)首個(gè)全州范圍的公里虛擬學(xué)校。
Today, the Florida Virtual School offers more than ninety courses. Fifty-six thousand students were enrolled as of December. Almost sixty percent were female. The school's Web site says each student was enrolled in an average of two classes.
今天，佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校提供了90多門(mén)課程。截止到12月份，已有5.6萬(wàn)名學(xué)生入學(xué)，其中接近60%的學(xué)生是女性。該學(xué)校網(wǎng)站稱(chēng)，每個(gè)學(xué)生都參加平均兩個(gè)班級(jí)。
Two-thirds were also enrolled in public or charter schools. Charter schools are privately operated with public money. Other students are home-schooled or in private school.
三分之二的學(xué)生同時(shí)還在公立學(xué)校或政府特許學(xué)校就讀。政府特許學(xué)校由私人運(yùn)營(yíng)，但是由公眾提供資金。其他學(xué)生則在家接受教育或在私立學(xué)校就讀。
Florida Virtual School has now opened the Florida Virtual Global School. Students in other countries pay for classes. Janet Heiking teaches an English class. She lives in Indianapolis, Indiana. Her students live as far away as Africa and Japan.
佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校現(xiàn)在開(kāi)設(shè)了佛羅里達(dá)虛擬全球?qū)W校。其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生繳納費(fèi)用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。珍妮特·海靖是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)班的教師。她住在印第安納州的印第安納波利斯。她的學(xué)生則遠(yuǎn)在非洲甚至日本。
So how good are virtual schools? Students have shown mixed results, as that new report from Indiana University notes.
那么，虛擬學(xué)校到底怎么樣呢?印第安納大學(xué)這份報(bào)告指出，研究表明，表明學(xué)校水平參差不齊。
For example, students at Florida Virtual School earned higher grades than those taking the same courses the traditional way. And they scored higher on a statewide test.
例如，佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校的學(xué)生比按照傳統(tǒng)方法學(xué)習(xí)同樣課程的學(xué)生取得的分?jǐn)?shù)更高。在全州的.考試中，他們的分?jǐn)?shù)也更高。
But virtual school students in Kansas and Colorado had lower test scores or performed at a lower level than traditional learners.
但是，堪薩斯和科羅拉多虛擬學(xué)校的學(xué)生則比傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)生得分更低，表現(xiàn)更差。
Educaiton experts say the mixed results suggest the need for more research to find the best ways to teach in virtual schools. Also, they say schools of education need to train more teachers to work in both physical and virtual classrooms.
教育專(zhuān)家表示，這些表現(xiàn)不一的結(jié)果表明，需要進(jìn)行更多的研究來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)佳的虛擬學(xué)校教學(xué)方法。同時(shí)，他們說(shuō)，教育類(lèi)學(xué)校需要培養(yǎng)更多教師，能夠同時(shí)在實(shí)體和虛擬教室授課。
4.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《伊麗莎白·泰勒》
Legendary Hollywood actress Elizabeth Taylor has died at the age of 79. A statement from Taylor's family says she died peacefully, with her children at her side. The veteran actress, known for movies such as "National Velvet," which made her a star at the age of 12, and "Cleopatra," had been suffering from congestive heart failure. She had been hospitalized in Los Angeles for the past six weeks.
好萊塢傳奇女影星伊麗莎白·泰勒去世，享年79歲。泰勒家人發(fā)表的一份表明說(shuō)，她在安詳中去世，她的子女守在她身邊。在過(guò)去6個(gè)星期里，這位資深的女演員因?yàn)榛加谐溲孕牧λソ叨诼迳即壍尼t(yī)院里住院。她因主演《玉女神駒》和《埃及艷后》等影片出名?！队衽耨x》這一影片使泰勒12歲的時(shí)候就成為明星。
Taylor won Academy Awards for her role in "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" and "Butterfield 8." In later years, she was a spokeswoman for humanitarian causes, notably AIDS research. That work gained her a special Oscar in 1993.
泰勒因在影片《誰(shuí)怕弗吉尼亞·沃爾夫?》以及《青樓艷*》里的出色表演而榮獲奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)。她在后來(lái)的時(shí)間里擔(dān)任了人道主義事業(yè)的發(fā)言人，特別是艾滋病研究。她因這方面的貢獻(xiàn)于1993年榮獲奧斯卡特別獎(jiǎng)。
Taylor was sometimes called the most beautiful woman in the world. In addition to her work in film, the Oscar-winning actress was also well known for her off-screen drama, including being married eight times, twice to actor Richard Burton.
泰勒被稱(chēng)為“全世界漂亮的'女人”。除了演電影以外，這位獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的女演員也因?yàn)樗阢y屏外的戲劇性經(jīng)歷而廣為人知，這其中包括結(jié)婚8次，其中兩次是與演員理查德·伯頓結(jié)婚。
Born in London to American parents, she moved to Los Angeles before World War II, and went from child star to Hollywood starlet to movie icon. But she gained attention for more than just her beauty and acting talent. Her srormy personal life and numerous marriages, as well as her friendship with pop icon Michael Jackson, made her a constant source of stories for the press.
泰勒出生在倫敦，父母都是美國(guó)人。她在二戰(zhàn)前移居洛杉磯，從一個(gè)童星成為好萊塢影星，后成為電影界的偶像級(jí)人物。但是她不僅僅因?yàn)樗拿烂埠脱菟嚥湃A而引起人們的注意。她坎坷的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、無(wú)數(shù)次的婚姻，以及她與流行歌星邁克爾·杰克遜的友誼使她一直成為媒體報(bào)道的對(duì)象。
She had a passion for jewels and jewelry and introduced her own perfumes, including one called White Diamonds. In later years, she was widely recognized for her charitable work. France awarded her the prestigious Legion of Honor in 1987 and Britain's Queen Elizabeth made her a dame, the female equivalent of a knight, in 2000.
泰勒酷愛(ài)珠寶首飾并創(chuàng)立了自己的香水品牌，其中一種香水叫做“白色鉆石”。在后來(lái)的生涯中，泰勒因?yàn)樗拇壬乒ぷ鞫艿狡毡榈恼J(rèn)可。法國(guó)在1987年授予她高榮譽(yù)勛章。英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白在2000年封她為貴婦人，相當(dāng)于爵士的爵位。
5.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《呼吁老年教育》
Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently.
根據(jù)近發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新的人口研究報(bào)告顯示：老年人要想不成為社會(huì)的負(fù)擔(dān)，想繼續(xù)發(fā)揮余熱，就必須給他們更多學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。
The current approach which focuses on younger people and on kills for employment is not adequate to meet the challenges of demographic change, it says. Only 1% of the education budget is currently spent on the oldest third of the population.
該報(bào)告聲稱(chēng)：現(xiàn)在的教育方法傾向于年輕人和職業(yè)技能，難以應(yīng)付人口結(jié)構(gòu)變化的挑戰(zhàn)。占人口總數(shù)三分之一的老年人只占有百分之一的教育預(yù)算。
The challenges include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in retirement, that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are over state pension age.
這些挑戰(zhàn)包括：多數(shù)人三分之一的生命將在退休后度過(guò);五十九歲以上人數(shù)高于十六歲以下人數(shù);一千一百三十萬(wàn)人達(dá)到了國(guó)家法定領(lǐng)取退休金年齡。
"Learning needs to continue throughout life. Our historic concentration of policy attention and resources on young people cannot meet the new needs," says the report's author, Professor Stephen Mcnair.
報(bào)告的作者史蒂芬·麥克威爾教授說(shuō)：“學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該貫穿人生的整個(gè)過(guò)程，我們壹仟的政策重心和資源配置更多偏重于年輕人，難以適應(yīng)新的需求?！?BR> The major portion of our education budget is spent on people below the age of 25. When people are changing their jobs, homes, partners and lifestyles more than ever, they nees opportunities to learn at every age. For example, some people are starting new careers in their 50s and later.
教育預(yù)算的大部分花費(fèi)在二十五歲以下的.人身上。當(dāng)人們比以前更頻繁地更換工作、居住地、生活伴侶和生活方式的時(shí)候，處在各種年齡段的人們都需要學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。”例如，有些人到了五十多歲或更遲又重新開(kāi)始創(chuàng)業(yè)。
People need opportunities to make a "midlife review" to adjust to the later stages of employed life, and to plan for transition to retirement, which may now happen unpredictably at any point from 50 to over 90, says McNair.
人們需要一個(gè)“中年回首”的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)適應(yīng)以后的工作生涯，規(guī)劃退休后的角色轉(zhuǎn)化。這種轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)在可以發(fā)生在五十歲到九十多歲的漫長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)。
And there should be more money available to support people in establishing a sense of identity and finding constructive roles for the "third age", the 20 or more years they will spend in healthy retired life.
應(yīng)該有更多的資金來(lái)保證人們建立身份認(rèn)知和在“第三年齡段”——也就是退休后二十或更多年的健康生活中——找到建設(shè)性角色。
1.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《酸奶》
When you open a container of yogurt, you’ll often see liquid collected on top. Some people mix it back into the yogurt, and others drain it off. What is it, and where does it come from?
打開(kāi)一盒酸奶，你常常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有一層液體浮在表面。有的人把它拌入酸奶中，有的人則將這層液體倒掉。這層液體究竟是什么東西，它又是從哪來(lái)的呢?
To solve the mystery of the liquid in yogurt, let’s take a few steps back, to the milk that yogurt is made of. Milk has two different types of proteins. Most of the proteins are casein proteins, and the rest are whey proteins–of curds and whey fame.
為了揭開(kāi)酸奶中這層液體的神秘面紗，讓我們往回追溯，去看看制作酸奶的原料—牛奶。牛奶有兩種不同類(lèi)型的蛋白質(zhì)。大部分蛋白質(zhì)是酪蛋白，其余是乳清蛋白，包括凝質(zhì)和乳清。
If you look at a glass of milk, you can’t tell the casein from the whey. But that changes when special bacteria are added to milk to make yogurt. Yogurt-producing bacteria ferment the sugars in milk and produce an acid. As a result, the mixture is more acidic than before, and this higher acidity solidifies the casein proteins. The whey proteins, on the other hand, don’t solidify, and separate out from the casein as liquid.
單單看一杯牛奶，我們是無(wú)法從中分辨出酪蛋白和乳清的。但是往牛奶中加入特殊的細(xì)菌來(lái)制作酸奶時(shí)，情況就不一樣了。制作酸奶用的細(xì)菌會(huì)發(fā)酵牛奶中的糖并制 成酸。因此，混合物比之前更酸，更高的酸度使得酪蛋白凝固。而另一方面，乳清蛋白則不會(huì)凝固，它會(huì)從酪蛋白中以液體的形式分離出來(lái)。
Yogurt you buy in the store has a stabilizer, usually fruit pectin, to keep the solid casein and liquid whey mixed together. But some of the whey still separates out from the casein, and that’s what you see when you open the yogurt container.
你在超市買(mǎi)到的酸奶中含有一種穩(wěn)定劑，通常是果膠，它的作用是讓固體的酪蛋白和液體的乳清混合在一起。但是部分乳清仍然從酪蛋白中分離出來(lái)，那就是你在打開(kāi)酸奶包裝時(shí)所看到的液體。
Whey contains not only proteins but also B vitamins, including riboflavin, niacin, and thiamin, which can’t be found in the solid portion of the yogurt. Because of the nutritional value of whey, your best bet is to mix it back into the rest of the yogurt, then gobble it down!
乳清不僅含有蛋白質(zhì)還有維生素B，維生素B包括核黃素，煙酸和硫*素，這些物質(zhì)反倒無(wú)法在酸奶的固體部分中獲得。因?yàn)槿榍宓臓I(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，你佳的選擇是把它和酸奶攪拌在一起，然后一飲而盡!
2.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《天花的歷史》
In Shakespeare’s day, wishing a pox on someone was a terrible curse. Ten percent of the population in 17th century London died gruesomely of smallpox, a virus spread easily by airborne particles or contaminated clothing. Infection began with fever, aches, sneezing, and nausea. Soon a rash of red dots appeared, often covering the skin with dripping scabs. Though some recovered, people could become blind, deaf, or severely scarred from smallpox.
在莎士比亞時(shí)代，詛咒某人得天花是非常惡毒的。在17世紀(jì)的倫敦，有百分之十的人死于天花這種恐怖的疾病,這是一種可以通過(guò)空氣和被污染的衣服傳播的病 毒?；颊弑桓腥竞蟮那膀?qū)癥狀是發(fā)燒、疼痛、打噴嚏和惡心。隨后很快出現(xiàn)紅色斑丘疹，而后通常會(huì)發(fā)展成皮膚上的滴痂。盡管有些人病愈了，但是他們會(huì)因此失去 聽(tīng)覺(jué)、雙目失明或者留下很深的疤痕。
None of the physicians’ attempts to treat smallpox with sheep manure or a golden needle helped at all. But European peasants and traditional healers in Africa and Asia had discovered that exposure to a very small dose of the virus offered some protection.
當(dāng)時(shí)的內(nèi)科醫(yī)生嘗試用羊糞或金針幫助治療天花，但是毫無(wú)作用。但是歐洲的'農(nóng)民和非洲及亞洲的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師發(fā)現(xiàn)，感染極少量的天花病毒會(huì)帶給人體一定的免疫作用。
Traditional healers inoculated scratches in the skin with a small amount of pus infected with smallpox. About one in 200 people died from this procedure, but most became mildly sick, recovering in a few days. In the process, they gained immunity to the disease.
傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師通過(guò)給正常人注射天花患者的少量膿液來(lái)進(jìn)行預(yù)防接種。這種治療方法的死亡率是兩百分之一，但是大多數(shù)人癥狀輕微，會(huì)在幾天內(nèi)恢復(fù)。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，他們獲得了對(duì)天花病毒的免疫力。
Because smallpox inoculation exposed people to such a tiny dose of the virus, it caused far fewer deaths than the natural spread of the disease. Still, London physicians were skeptical of anything peasants or traditional healers did. Not until fashionable Lady Mary Wortley Montagu returned from Turkey did it catch on with the upper classes.
因?yàn)榻臃N天花疫苗時(shí)使用的病毒劑量是非常微小的,它所導(dǎo)致的死亡和天花的自然傳播相比是微不足道的。不過(guò),倫敦醫(yī)生對(duì)農(nóng)民和傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)師的這種治療方法仍舊持懷疑態(tài)度。直到瑪麗•沃爾特利•孟塔古從土耳其回國(guó)后，這種治療方法才在上流社會(huì)中流行起來(lái)。
Having observed Turkish healers, Lady Mary had her son inoculated in London and published a pamphlet explaining the procedure. Soon, even physicians saw that inoculation gave people a better chance of contracting a mild case of smallpox, preventing many deaths.
通過(guò)觀察土耳其醫(yī)師的治療方法,瑪麗夫人讓她的兒子接受了預(yù)防接種，并且在倫敦出版了一個(gè)小冊(cè)子來(lái)解釋這種治療過(guò)程。很快，甚至是那些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生也注意到這種接種方法只會(huì)讓人們出現(xiàn)輕微的天花癥狀，它拯救了很多人的性命。
3.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《虛擬學(xué)?！?BR> Forty-two of the fifty American states offered some kind of public online learning this past school year. One state, Michigan, now requires all students to have an online learning experience before they finish high school.
過(guò)去的一個(gè)學(xué)年，美國(guó)50個(gè)州中有42個(gè)州提供了某種形式的公共網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在，密歇根州要求所有學(xué)生在高中畢業(yè)之前都有網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。
Even the idea of a school has changed since the rise of the Internet in the nineteen nineties.
自90年代互聯(lián)網(wǎng)興起以來(lái)，學(xué)校的理念甚至都已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化。
A new report from the Center for Evaluation and Education Policy at Indiana University says eighteen states have full-time virtual schools. There are no buildings. All classes are online.
印第安納大學(xué)評(píng)估和教育政策中心一份新的報(bào)告稱(chēng)，18個(gè)州擁有全日制虛擬學(xué)校，沒(méi)有校舍，所有的課程都是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上學(xué)習(xí)。
Online learners might work at different times. But there might be set times for class discussions — by text, voice or video — and virtual office hours for teachers.
網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)院可以在不同的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，但是課堂討論必須在既定的時(shí)間進(jìn)行——通過(guò)短信、音頻或視頻——對(duì)于教師來(lái)說(shuō)也有固定的虛擬工作時(shí)間。
Flofida started the first statewide public virtual school in the United States in nineteen ninety-seven.
1997年，佛羅里達(dá)開(kāi)設(shè)了美國(guó)首個(gè)全州范圍的公里虛擬學(xué)校。
Today, the Florida Virtual School offers more than ninety courses. Fifty-six thousand students were enrolled as of December. Almost sixty percent were female. The school's Web site says each student was enrolled in an average of two classes.
今天，佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校提供了90多門(mén)課程。截止到12月份，已有5.6萬(wàn)名學(xué)生入學(xué)，其中接近60%的學(xué)生是女性。該學(xué)校網(wǎng)站稱(chēng)，每個(gè)學(xué)生都參加平均兩個(gè)班級(jí)。
Two-thirds were also enrolled in public or charter schools. Charter schools are privately operated with public money. Other students are home-schooled or in private school.
三分之二的學(xué)生同時(shí)還在公立學(xué)校或政府特許學(xué)校就讀。政府特許學(xué)校由私人運(yùn)營(yíng)，但是由公眾提供資金。其他學(xué)生則在家接受教育或在私立學(xué)校就讀。
Florida Virtual School has now opened the Florida Virtual Global School. Students in other countries pay for classes. Janet Heiking teaches an English class. She lives in Indianapolis, Indiana. Her students live as far away as Africa and Japan.
佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校現(xiàn)在開(kāi)設(shè)了佛羅里達(dá)虛擬全球?qū)W校。其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生繳納費(fèi)用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。珍妮特·海靖是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)班的教師。她住在印第安納州的印第安納波利斯。她的學(xué)生則遠(yuǎn)在非洲甚至日本。
So how good are virtual schools? Students have shown mixed results, as that new report from Indiana University notes.
那么，虛擬學(xué)校到底怎么樣呢?印第安納大學(xué)這份報(bào)告指出，研究表明，表明學(xué)校水平參差不齊。
For example, students at Florida Virtual School earned higher grades than those taking the same courses the traditional way. And they scored higher on a statewide test.
例如，佛羅里達(dá)虛擬學(xué)校的學(xué)生比按照傳統(tǒng)方法學(xué)習(xí)同樣課程的學(xué)生取得的分?jǐn)?shù)更高。在全州的.考試中，他們的分?jǐn)?shù)也更高。
But virtual school students in Kansas and Colorado had lower test scores or performed at a lower level than traditional learners.
但是，堪薩斯和科羅拉多虛擬學(xué)校的學(xué)生則比傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)生得分更低，表現(xiàn)更差。
Educaiton experts say the mixed results suggest the need for more research to find the best ways to teach in virtual schools. Also, they say schools of education need to train more teachers to work in both physical and virtual classrooms.
教育專(zhuān)家表示，這些表現(xiàn)不一的結(jié)果表明，需要進(jìn)行更多的研究來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)佳的虛擬學(xué)校教學(xué)方法。同時(shí)，他們說(shuō)，教育類(lèi)學(xué)校需要培養(yǎng)更多教師，能夠同時(shí)在實(shí)體和虛擬教室授課。
4.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《伊麗莎白·泰勒》
Legendary Hollywood actress Elizabeth Taylor has died at the age of 79. A statement from Taylor's family says she died peacefully, with her children at her side. The veteran actress, known for movies such as "National Velvet," which made her a star at the age of 12, and "Cleopatra," had been suffering from congestive heart failure. She had been hospitalized in Los Angeles for the past six weeks.
好萊塢傳奇女影星伊麗莎白·泰勒去世，享年79歲。泰勒家人發(fā)表的一份表明說(shuō)，她在安詳中去世，她的子女守在她身邊。在過(guò)去6個(gè)星期里，這位資深的女演員因?yàn)榛加谐溲孕牧λソ叨诼迳即壍尼t(yī)院里住院。她因主演《玉女神駒》和《埃及艷后》等影片出名?！队衽耨x》這一影片使泰勒12歲的時(shí)候就成為明星。
Taylor won Academy Awards for her role in "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" and "Butterfield 8." In later years, she was a spokeswoman for humanitarian causes, notably AIDS research. That work gained her a special Oscar in 1993.
泰勒因在影片《誰(shuí)怕弗吉尼亞·沃爾夫?》以及《青樓艷*》里的出色表演而榮獲奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)。她在后來(lái)的時(shí)間里擔(dān)任了人道主義事業(yè)的發(fā)言人，特別是艾滋病研究。她因這方面的貢獻(xiàn)于1993年榮獲奧斯卡特別獎(jiǎng)。
Taylor was sometimes called the most beautiful woman in the world. In addition to her work in film, the Oscar-winning actress was also well known for her off-screen drama, including being married eight times, twice to actor Richard Burton.
泰勒被稱(chēng)為“全世界漂亮的'女人”。除了演電影以外，這位獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的女演員也因?yàn)樗阢y屏外的戲劇性經(jīng)歷而廣為人知，這其中包括結(jié)婚8次，其中兩次是與演員理查德·伯頓結(jié)婚。
Born in London to American parents, she moved to Los Angeles before World War II, and went from child star to Hollywood starlet to movie icon. But she gained attention for more than just her beauty and acting talent. Her srormy personal life and numerous marriages, as well as her friendship with pop icon Michael Jackson, made her a constant source of stories for the press.
泰勒出生在倫敦，父母都是美國(guó)人。她在二戰(zhàn)前移居洛杉磯，從一個(gè)童星成為好萊塢影星，后成為電影界的偶像級(jí)人物。但是她不僅僅因?yàn)樗拿烂埠脱菟嚥湃A而引起人們的注意。她坎坷的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、無(wú)數(shù)次的婚姻，以及她與流行歌星邁克爾·杰克遜的友誼使她一直成為媒體報(bào)道的對(duì)象。
She had a passion for jewels and jewelry and introduced her own perfumes, including one called White Diamonds. In later years, she was widely recognized for her charitable work. France awarded her the prestigious Legion of Honor in 1987 and Britain's Queen Elizabeth made her a dame, the female equivalent of a knight, in 2000.
泰勒酷愛(ài)珠寶首飾并創(chuàng)立了自己的香水品牌，其中一種香水叫做“白色鉆石”。在后來(lái)的生涯中，泰勒因?yàn)樗拇壬乒ぷ鞫艿狡毡榈恼J(rèn)可。法國(guó)在1987年授予她高榮譽(yù)勛章。英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白在2000年封她為貴婦人，相當(dāng)于爵士的爵位。
5.英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力短文訓(xùn)練材料
《呼吁老年教育》
Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently.
根據(jù)近發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新的人口研究報(bào)告顯示：老年人要想不成為社會(huì)的負(fù)擔(dān)，想繼續(xù)發(fā)揮余熱，就必須給他們更多學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。
The current approach which focuses on younger people and on kills for employment is not adequate to meet the challenges of demographic change, it says. Only 1% of the education budget is currently spent on the oldest third of the population.
該報(bào)告聲稱(chēng)：現(xiàn)在的教育方法傾向于年輕人和職業(yè)技能，難以應(yīng)付人口結(jié)構(gòu)變化的挑戰(zhàn)。占人口總數(shù)三分之一的老年人只占有百分之一的教育預(yù)算。
The challenges include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in retirement, that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are over state pension age.
這些挑戰(zhàn)包括：多數(shù)人三分之一的生命將在退休后度過(guò);五十九歲以上人數(shù)高于十六歲以下人數(shù);一千一百三十萬(wàn)人達(dá)到了國(guó)家法定領(lǐng)取退休金年齡。
"Learning needs to continue throughout life. Our historic concentration of policy attention and resources on young people cannot meet the new needs," says the report's author, Professor Stephen Mcnair.
報(bào)告的作者史蒂芬·麥克威爾教授說(shuō)：“學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該貫穿人生的整個(gè)過(guò)程，我們壹仟的政策重心和資源配置更多偏重于年輕人，難以適應(yīng)新的需求?！?BR> The major portion of our education budget is spent on people below the age of 25. When people are changing their jobs, homes, partners and lifestyles more than ever, they nees opportunities to learn at every age. For example, some people are starting new careers in their 50s and later.
教育預(yù)算的大部分花費(fèi)在二十五歲以下的.人身上。當(dāng)人們比以前更頻繁地更換工作、居住地、生活伴侶和生活方式的時(shí)候，處在各種年齡段的人們都需要學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。”例如，有些人到了五十多歲或更遲又重新開(kāi)始創(chuàng)業(yè)。
People need opportunities to make a "midlife review" to adjust to the later stages of employed life, and to plan for transition to retirement, which may now happen unpredictably at any point from 50 to over 90, says McNair.
人們需要一個(gè)“中年回首”的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)適應(yīng)以后的工作生涯，規(guī)劃退休后的角色轉(zhuǎn)化。這種轉(zhuǎn)化現(xiàn)在可以發(fā)生在五十歲到九十多歲的漫長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)。
And there should be more money available to support people in establishing a sense of identity and finding constructive roles for the "third age", the 20 or more years they will spend in healthy retired life.
應(yīng)該有更多的資金來(lái)保證人們建立身份認(rèn)知和在“第三年齡段”——也就是退休后二十或更多年的健康生活中——找到建設(shè)性角色。