Lesson33 Out of the darkness
課文內(nèi)容：
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early nextmorning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. Onarriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.
語(yǔ)法歸納：以字母a開(kāi)頭的同匯
一句話總結(jié)：以字母a開(kāi)頭的形容詞，在句子中常作表語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則要置于名詞后，形成后置定語(yǔ)。
對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)以a開(kāi)頭形容詞與去掉a后的詞匯：
alive adj.活著的(作表語(yǔ)）→live adj.活的；生動(dòng)的(修飾物，作定語(yǔ))
alone adj./adv.獨(dú)自的(地)(作形容詞時(shí)作表語(yǔ))→ lone adj.孤單的(作定語(yǔ))
asleep adj.睡著的(作表語(yǔ))→ sleep n./v.睡覺(jué)
awake adj.醒著v.叫醒(作形容詢時(shí)作表語(yǔ))→ wake v.叫醒，醒來(lái)
alike adj.相像的(作表語(yǔ)) → like v.喜歡 prep.像……一樣adj.相像的，類似的(作形容詞既可作定語(yǔ)，又可作表語(yǔ))
arise v.產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) → rise v.起來(lái)；上漲，上升
across prep/adv.穿過(guò)，橫過(guò) → cross v.穿過(guò)，橫過(guò)
await v.等候 → wait v.等候(不能直接加賓語(yǔ))
aloud adv.大聲地(與read, call, cry等詞連用，無(wú)比較級(jí)和高級(jí)形式)→ loud adv.大聲地，響亮地(常與talk, speak, shout, laugh等連用，比較級(jí)為louder,高級(jí)為loudest)
逐句精講:
1、Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.
幾乎過(guò)了一個(gè)星期，那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 此句還可改為：
It has been nearly a week before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.
再例：Nearly five hours passed before he came.幾乎過(guò)了五個(gè)小時(shí)，他才過(guò)來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 what had happened to her為explain的賓語(yǔ)從句。
例：Can you explain why you did not go to school? 你能解釋一下為什么沒(méi)去上學(xué)嗎?
2、One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.
一天下午，她乘小船從海岸出發(fā)，遇上了一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 one afternoon某一個(gè)下午(參考Lesson32課文分析)
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 was caught in被卷入
3、Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.
天將黑時(shí)，小船撞上了一塊礁石，姑娘跳進(jìn)了海里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 towards evening = toward evening接近晚上，天將黑時(shí) toward在美式英語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn)，而在英式英語(yǔ)中towards是主要形式。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 strike意為“撞上，打擊”過(guò)去式為struck,過(guò)去分詞英式為struck,美式為stricken。
重要短語(yǔ)：on strike罷工；strike hands達(dá)成協(xié)議，成交；air strike空襲
4、Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.
她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸邊。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 after在此為介詞,所以后接動(dòng)名詞spending
重要語(yǔ)法：after/before加動(dòng)名詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一定要與主句的主語(yǔ)相同。例：After walking down the street,be turned left and disappeared.
在走到街尾時(shí)，他向左轉(zhuǎn)，然后消失了。
Before leaving for Shanghai, I washed my bedsheet.
在去上海之前，我把床單洗了。
5、During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.
在那段時(shí)間里，她游了8英里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 during that time是過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，與covered呼應(yīng)。
6、During that time I was chief editor of New Oriental Newsletter.
那個(gè)時(shí)候，我是《新東方校報(bào)》的主編。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 cover a distance of eight miles = cover eight miles 游了8英里
Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.
第二天凌晨，她看到了一盞燈就在前方。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) ahead可作表語(yǔ)形容詞，也可以作副詞。
7、She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs.
她知道已經(jīng)接近岸邊了，因?yàn)槟菬艄馐窃诟吒叩那捅谏稀?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句句式結(jié)構(gòu):She was near the shore為賓語(yǔ)從句，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
8、On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.
到達(dá)岸邊后，姑娘朝著她看到的燈光方向掙扎著往峭壁上爬去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 she had seen定語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于light的后置定語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 2 on + doing = as soon as 一……就
On seeing the nice girl, he did not know what to do.
一見(jiàn)到這個(gè)可愛(ài)的女孩，他就不知所措了。
9、That was all she remembered.
她所記得的就是這些。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) she remembered為all的定語(yǔ)從句，省去了關(guān)系代詞that。(需特別注意：先行詞為all，關(guān)系代詞不能用which。)
10、When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.
第二天她醒來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 in hospital住院(抽象)→ in the hospital在醫(yī)院里(表地點(diǎn))
go to prison被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄→ go to the prison去監(jiān)獄探視或做別的事情
go to school去學(xué)校上學(xué)→ go to the school去學(xué)校辦事或工作
課文內(nèi)容：
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early nextmorning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. Onarriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.
語(yǔ)法歸納：以字母a開(kāi)頭的同匯
一句話總結(jié)：以字母a開(kāi)頭的形容詞，在句子中常作表語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則要置于名詞后，形成后置定語(yǔ)。
對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)以a開(kāi)頭形容詞與去掉a后的詞匯：
alive adj.活著的(作表語(yǔ)）→live adj.活的；生動(dòng)的(修飾物，作定語(yǔ))
alone adj./adv.獨(dú)自的(地)(作形容詞時(shí)作表語(yǔ))→ lone adj.孤單的(作定語(yǔ))
asleep adj.睡著的(作表語(yǔ))→ sleep n./v.睡覺(jué)
awake adj.醒著v.叫醒(作形容詢時(shí)作表語(yǔ))→ wake v.叫醒，醒來(lái)
alike adj.相像的(作表語(yǔ)) → like v.喜歡 prep.像……一樣adj.相像的，類似的(作形容詞既可作定語(yǔ)，又可作表語(yǔ))
arise v.產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) → rise v.起來(lái)；上漲，上升
across prep/adv.穿過(guò)，橫過(guò) → cross v.穿過(guò)，橫過(guò)
await v.等候 → wait v.等候(不能直接加賓語(yǔ))
aloud adv.大聲地(與read, call, cry等詞連用，無(wú)比較級(jí)和高級(jí)形式)→ loud adv.大聲地，響亮地(常與talk, speak, shout, laugh等連用，比較級(jí)為louder,高級(jí)為loudest)
逐句精講:
1、Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.
幾乎過(guò)了一個(gè)星期，那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 此句還可改為：
It has been nearly a week before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.
再例：Nearly five hours passed before he came.幾乎過(guò)了五個(gè)小時(shí)，他才過(guò)來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 what had happened to her為explain的賓語(yǔ)從句。
例：Can you explain why you did not go to school? 你能解釋一下為什么沒(méi)去上學(xué)嗎?
2、One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.
一天下午，她乘小船從海岸出發(fā)，遇上了一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 one afternoon某一個(gè)下午(參考Lesson32課文分析)
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 was caught in被卷入
3、Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.
天將黑時(shí)，小船撞上了一塊礁石，姑娘跳進(jìn)了海里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 towards evening = toward evening接近晚上，天將黑時(shí) toward在美式英語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn)，而在英式英語(yǔ)中towards是主要形式。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 strike意為“撞上，打擊”過(guò)去式為struck,過(guò)去分詞英式為struck,美式為stricken。
重要短語(yǔ)：on strike罷工；strike hands達(dá)成協(xié)議，成交；air strike空襲
4、Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.
她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸邊。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 after在此為介詞,所以后接動(dòng)名詞spending
重要語(yǔ)法：after/before加動(dòng)名詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一定要與主句的主語(yǔ)相同。例：After walking down the street,be turned left and disappeared.
在走到街尾時(shí)，他向左轉(zhuǎn)，然后消失了。
Before leaving for Shanghai, I washed my bedsheet.
在去上海之前，我把床單洗了。
5、During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.
在那段時(shí)間里，她游了8英里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 during that time是過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，與covered呼應(yīng)。
6、During that time I was chief editor of New Oriental Newsletter.
那個(gè)時(shí)候，我是《新東方校報(bào)》的主編。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 cover a distance of eight miles = cover eight miles 游了8英里
Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.
第二天凌晨，她看到了一盞燈就在前方。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) ahead可作表語(yǔ)形容詞，也可以作副詞。
7、She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs.
她知道已經(jīng)接近岸邊了，因?yàn)槟菬艄馐窃诟吒叩那捅谏稀?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句句式結(jié)構(gòu):She was near the shore為賓語(yǔ)從句，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
8、On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.
到達(dá)岸邊后，姑娘朝著她看到的燈光方向掙扎著往峭壁上爬去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 she had seen定語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于light的后置定語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 2 on + doing = as soon as 一……就
On seeing the nice girl, he did not know what to do.
一見(jiàn)到這個(gè)可愛(ài)的女孩，他就不知所措了。
9、That was all she remembered.
她所記得的就是這些。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) she remembered為all的定語(yǔ)從句，省去了關(guān)系代詞that。(需特別注意：先行詞為all，關(guān)系代詞不能用which。)
10、When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.
第二天她醒來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院里。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 in hospital住院(抽象)→ in the hospital在醫(yī)院里(表地點(diǎn))
go to prison被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄→ go to the prison去監(jiān)獄探視或做別的事情
go to school去學(xué)校上學(xué)→ go to the school去學(xué)校辦事或工作