1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Morning,NoonandNight The long-hours culture at work
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have a kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, 20 years ago, averagely do not wish to identify themselves. "1 can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager. "People looked at me when I left at 5 o'clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I'm doing extra hours at home."
But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn't guarantee better working hours.
Professor Cary Cooper, occupational psychologist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working, Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect for their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hour culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill." There are, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty. "There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. Prioritizing work and doing essential tasks first helps," he says. He also thinks it's time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work.
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff needs to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recognizes, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want interests outside work, then find another job".
She believes that senior staff has a duty to set an example. "1 recently worked for a firm of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 am. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours - in fact quite the reverse."Some people might be in at 7:30 but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computer switched on, even after you have left the building.
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A． They are reluctant to admit to this.
B． They are disliked by their colleagues.
C． They are limited to certain professions.
D． They often catch up on work in the evenings.
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Getting the Most out of Meetings
One aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings. Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings. Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organized executives.
Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it needs to learn to understand and trust one another.
Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting. People should only be invited
to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance. An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limit allocated. This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too. much.
At the end of a well organized meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions. Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organized meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved.
Much thought has been given over the years to ways of keeping meetings short. One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meetings is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. "1 try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour," he says. "They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a statement, and are based on careful preparation. I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance; those amending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions. Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings. In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that don't achieve anything can be very costly. Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time."
What do most managers think about meetings?
A． Meetings take up most of their working life.
B． Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making.
C． Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine.
D． Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives.
3、根據(jù)下面內(nèi)容，回答題
A
The Birmingham Alliance will provide Birmingham with one of Europe's largest regional shopping centres, right in the heart of the city．The Alliance, an initiative between three of the largest developers in the country, all with extensive experience of urban regeneration schemes, will facilitate an 800m investment in Birmingham．This will regenerate 40 acres of the city centre within the next decade．Planning permission is in place for the new scheme, which will be a short distance from existing prime retail areas．The development will be well serviced by all forms of public transport, as well as providing parking space forε 3,200 cars.
B
The private-public partnership between Legal & General and Bracknell Town Council will manage the ~ 500m regeneration of the town's centre．The proposals, which are awaiting the outcome of consultation with local residents, provide for approximately 102,000 m2 of retail and leisure facilities, ε200 residential units and office accommodation．This development is expected to set the standard for town centre regeneration schemes to come because of the way it integrates the business and community sectors．It will also facilitate great improvements in the region's transport infrastructure.
C
Bluewater is a symbol of retail excellence, achieved through a unique combination of design, retail mix, leisure, catering and hospitality．The centre, surrounded by parkland, is situated in the country's most affluent region．Eleven million people, with a combined spending power predicted to exceed a record 5.5bn, live within 60 minutes of the centre．The developers set a precedent in the industry by gating the country's three best-known department stores to open very large branches within the centre, as well as over 300 leading fashion and lifestyle stores.
D
Following its recent stock market success, Lend Lease is now developing Overgate shopping centre in Dundee．Construction is well under way, and with several of the country's best-known retailers already secured, Lend Lease is promoting the centre as the unrivalled shopping destination of the region．The economic base of the area has improved continuously over the past decade, due to the fast expansion of the biomedical and service sectors．With an estimated potential market of 500,000 people, Overgate is proving attractive to leading UK retailers.
This development is in an area where the potential for consumer spending is the highest in the country.
填空題
4、
Questions 8-12
·Read the text below about work uniforms.
·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter A-I on your Answer Sheet.
Altered Images
We have teamed up with The Career and Workwear Show to find the best-dressed organization. Two hotel groups and a management center have made it to the shortlist.
Uniforms project an instant image about a business, as well as creating a team spirit among staff. Choose the wrong workwear and you risk upsetting your customers and employees.
Three entrants have been shortlisted in the competition to find the best-dressed business: Country Hotel Group, Goring Residential Management College and Major Hotels. (example) ----------.
A detailed entry form set out to discover the thought processes the entrants had used before they selected their new uniforms. (8) ____. In addition to price and style the judges wanted to know how the organisation introduced the new look and what lessons it had learnt.
The Country Hotel Group was looking for a uniform that was comfortable to wear and presented a relaxed country image to guests. The firm admits to placing a great emphasis on the clothing and appearance of its staff. (9) ____. A brief was issued to a number of companies who then had to present their ideas in a fashion show format to 50 employees. After the design was chosen, one hotel tried out the uniform for three months. (10) ____
The aim of the new uniform at Goring Residential Management College was to make staff instantly recognisable to course participants. The chosen design from Classy Rags established a clear corporate image at the college. There were many different outfits but only three fabrics had been used throughout the range and therefore the uniform was easily recognisable. One of the judges in the competition, fashion journalist Sally Bain, was also impressed with the value for money aspect of the uniforms. (11) ____
At Major Hotels a new uniform was needed to replace the old one which was considered to be ‘old-fashioned and unattractive.’ The new design was well received by the reception staff of the hotel chain. (12) ____. The new bottle-green uniforms were selected from Rayner Corporate Clothing. It was felt that it was a functional choice of colour and made a pleasant change from the more traditional black.
Do not use any letter more than once.
A. Feedback was then collected from staff at the hotel and minor changes were made before the uniform was introduced across all hotels.
B. The award will be presented to the competition winners at The Career and Workwear Show which will be held at Business Design Centre in London.
C. They all believe that its introduction has led to a modern, more professional corporate image and greater confidence among them.
D. One entry predicted that uniform fabrics would incorporate security aids which are read by sensors on doors and only allow access to authorised personnel.
E. In her opinion this had been achieved at half the cost of the other entries, with the average cost per person being £201,and each uniform being expected to last two years.
F. It asked why the uniform was introduced, who it was designed to be worn by, and how the firm went about selecting a supplier.
G. She felt that the head receptionist at the hotel should be asked to put forward the views and preferences of the team.
H. In its entry it said:‘Substantial investment has been made in this uniform because uniforms are seen as a very important area.’
I. One reason for this is that all three proved to the judges that they had thoroughly researched their choice of new uniforms.
5、Questions 8 - 12
·Read this advertisement about business book reviews.
·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not mark any letter twice.
A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.
B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.
C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest.
D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book.
E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary.
F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll be caught off guard.
G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there are only eight pages.
H) There's a sample of the superb business titles that we summarise for you.
I) With all the reading you have to do in the normal course of your work, you find it impossible to keep up with all the new business books.
6、
Banks and Banking : Other Bank Services
A modern bank provides many services other than checking accounts. ____1____
If you went to a bank to open a savings account, you would go through almost the same procedures followed in applying for a checking account. ____2____ Then you would be given a passbook in which your initial deposit would be recorded. All deposits and withdrawals from your account are entered into your passbook. ____3____ With a regular passbook savings account, you would be able to withdraw money wherever you needed it. All you would have to do is fill out a withdrawal order and present it, along with your passbook to the teller.
All banks pay interest on savings accounts. ____4____ Banks also pay interest at different times. ____5____ Suppose, for example, that on January 1, you deposited $ 1,000 in a bank that paid 4 1/2 percent interest semiannually. By July 1,you would have earned $ 22.50 interest. This interest would automatically be credited to your account; and of you left it in the bank, along with your original deposit, you would receive interest on $ 1,022.50 for the next six-month period. That is, your interest would be compounded.
A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months.
B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6 percent.
C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.
D. One of these is checking accounts.
E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.
F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.
G. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.
H. One can withdraw money whenever necessary.
7、
Questions 17-20
• Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 17-20 with a phrase A-G from the list below.
• For each question 17-20, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.
• Do not use any letter more than once.
17 Most people agree that the recent increase in stress is due to changes in ____________.
18 The trainees are taught that the right level of stress at work is important for good.
19 Trainees learn that one way of limiting stress is by deciding upon.
20 One of the most important parts of the course is learning how to react to___
A levels of performance
B shorter deadlines
C employment practices
D higher levels of sickness
E unfair demands
F successful management structure
G practical targets
簡答題
8、Part One
Your company has just opened a new office in the United States. You have agreed to go and work there for six months.
Write a memo of 30-40 words to all your colleagues:
Explaining why you will be absent;
Saying when you are leaving the office;
Expressing your wish to keep in touch;
Write on your answer sheet.
Part Two
You work for RCT, a company which sells business stationery. RCT is interested in becoming an agent for Novestat, a company which manufactures paper products.
Read Novestat’s advertisement below, on which you have made some notes.
Then, using all your notes, write a letter to James Dowling at Novestat.
Do not include postal addresses.
Write 100-120 words.
Write on your answer sheet.
9、• Read the article below about the winner of a business award .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
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PERSONAL ASSISTANT OF THE YEAR |
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0 Anne-Marie Garrard was shocked when it was announced that she had won the 00 Personal Assistant of the Year award . “The other candidates seemed me 34 to be very strong , and I have to say I found that the selection procedure really 35 hard.” she says. “I don’t think I had any of chance of winning. When I heard my 36 name , my legs were so weak I could only hardly stand up .”she laughs. So 37 how is “the best” personal assistant chosen from a group of so extremely good 38 and very different from individuals ? The final decision was reached after 39 day-long session of tests , interviews and exercises . Garrard believes of 40 the skills she uses in her job helped her how to perform well. For instance ,although 41 most of her work is for her company’s Managing Director , she works for six bosses 42 in all , so she always tried out to be prepared for anything that might happen. 43 As for the future , her firm has close up for its summer break ; as soon as 44 they will open again , there is a pay rise waiting for her . But Garrard is 45 going to be relax . She says , “There’s always room for personal development. You must keep trying to improve. |
10、• Read the article below about airport hotels .
• In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect or
doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .
• If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .
• If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.
• The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .
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CHECKING IN TO A WORKING BASE |
0 Smart business travelers today are staying at the airport to do business. Rather than 00 waste of time in traffic as they try to reach city center venues , business people 34 are using conference facilities on the offer at airports . Busy executives are also 35 staying there overnight to avoid the difficulty of getting there for take an early morning 36 meeting . And it makes senses for our international meetings to be held at airports . It is 37 principally through the improvement in airport hotels that has enabled this 38 development to take place . Today these mini-conference centers provide services are 39 designed for business travelers , look like a quick check-in and round-the-clock restaurants, 40 so they can get to work as quickly as possible . They are also less expensive place 41 than their city center counterparts. Not long years ago, airports hotels were 42 uncomfortable , unattractive and inconvenient for as far as the business traveler was 43 concerned . Yet now that there is strong interest , as travelers become aware of the 44 new facilities . Demand for small meeting rooms is huge , usually for interview or one- 45 to-one meetings , where executives fly in and out of the same day. The age of the airport is upon us . |