托??荚囕o導(dǎo):語法講解(35)

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考點二 動名詞作主語、定語或表語
    和名詞相仿,動名詞可作句子的主語、表語或名詞的定語
    如:Meeting you is my pleasure.
    His job is driving a bus.
    The opening ceremony will begin in five minutes.
    在簡單句中, 只能有一個主語和一個謂語, 考試時經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)在一個簡單句中主語部分不全或干脆沒有主語部分, 需要考生將句子補全, 這時要注意的是主語部分只能是名詞短語, 動名詞短語或不定式短語, 而不能是動詞短語或句子, 如:
    例題:
    (1)
    ---- by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating.
    (A) Eliminate problems
    (B) The eliminated problems
    (C) Eliminating problems
    (D) Problems are eliminated
    答案:C
    解釋:此句只是主語部分不完整,可排除A,D; B與句意不符,只有C動名詞詞組合適,與scapegoating相呼應(yīng)。注意by后面的短語表示一種方式、手段,而不是被動式的施動者
    (2)
    ---- raw materials into useful products is called manufacturing.
    (A)Transform
    (B) Transforming
    (C) Being transformed
    (D) When transforming
    答案:B
    解釋:此句is之前是句子的主語,之后是謂語,空格處需要一個能接賓語raw materials的名詞性結(jié)構(gòu),這正是動名詞所具備的特點,因此答案非B莫屬
    注意:有時需要在動名詞之前加上物主代詞或名詞,表示動名詞的邏輯主語
    如: Would you mind my turning off the radio?
    I’m rather disappointed at Helen’s putting on airs at the party.
    She remembered Tom owing her ten dollars.
    此語法點題目中較少涉及,但有助于讀懂題干