3. The author’s attitude toward “Most economists in the United States”（line 1） can best be described as
（A） spiteful and envious
（B） scornful and denunciatory
（C） critical and condescending
（D） ambivalent but deferential
（E） uncertain but interested
4. It can be inferred from the author’s argument that a price fixed by the seller “seems pernicious” （line 7） because
（A） people do not have confidence in large firms
（B） people do not expect the government to regulate prices
（C） most economists believe that consumers as a group should determine prices
（D） most economists associate fixed prices with communist and socialist economies
（E） most economists believe that no one group should determine prices
5. The suggestion in the passage that price-fixing in industrialized societies is normal arises from the author’s statement that price-fixing is
（A） a profitable result of economic development
（B） an inevitable result of the industrial system
（C） the result of a number of carefully organized decisions
（D） a phenomenon common to industrialized and non-industrialized societies
（E） a phenomenon best achieved cooperatively by government and industry