name
［誤］ She was named of a flower.
［正］ She was named after a flower.
［析］ 以……命名應(yīng)為name after，又如給某人取名應(yīng)為The father named his son Tom.
near
［誤］ We came near to hit him.
［正］ We came near to hitting him.
［析］ 這句話應(yīng)譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.
by near
We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對(duì)的，但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同，by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。
need
［誤］ This room needs to clean.
［正］ This room needs to be cleaned.
［正］ This room needs cleaning.
［析］ 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí)，need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài)，如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。
［誤］ We need not to do it.
［正］ We needn't do it.
［析］ need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所以無人稱變化也不加to，而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，如： We need your help.
neither
［誤］ None of my parents is a teacher.
［正］ Neither of my parents is a teacher.
［析］ 對(duì)兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。
［誤］ I don't do my homework. Neither he does.
［正］ I don't do my homework. Neither does he.
［析］ 這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。
［誤］ Neither you nor I are right.
［正］ Neither you nor I am right.
［析］ neither…nor… 這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語一致。
［誤］ Neither he studies nor plays.
［正］ Neither does he study nor play.
［析］ neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。
never
［誤］ Never I have broken my word.
［正］ Never have I broken my word.
［析］ never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)never mind沒關(guān)系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."
［誤］ She was named of a flower.
［正］ She was named after a flower.
［析］ 以……命名應(yīng)為name after，又如給某人取名應(yīng)為The father named his son Tom.
near
［誤］ We came near to hit him.
［正］ We came near to hitting him.
［析］ 這句話應(yīng)譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.
by near
We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對(duì)的，但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同，by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。
need
［誤］ This room needs to clean.
［正］ This room needs to be cleaned.
［正］ This room needs cleaning.
［析］ 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí)，need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài)，如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。
［誤］ We need not to do it.
［正］ We needn't do it.
［析］ need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所以無人稱變化也不加to，而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，如： We need your help.
neither
［誤］ None of my parents is a teacher.
［正］ Neither of my parents is a teacher.
［析］ 對(duì)兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。
［誤］ I don't do my homework. Neither he does.
［正］ I don't do my homework. Neither does he.
［析］ 這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。
［誤］ Neither you nor I are right.
［正］ Neither you nor I am right.
［析］ neither…nor… 這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語一致。
［誤］ Neither he studies nor plays.
［正］ Neither does he study nor play.
［析］ neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。
never
［誤］ Never I have broken my word.
［正］ Never have I broken my word.
［析］ never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)never mind沒關(guān)系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."