一. 綜合類
1.geotechnical engineering巖土工程
2.foundation engineering基礎(chǔ)工程
3.soil, earth土
4.soil mechanics土力學(xué)
cyclic loading周期荷載
unloading卸載
reloading再加載
viscoelastic foundation粘彈性地基
viscous damping粘滯阻尼
shear modulus剪切模量
5.soil dynamics土動力學(xué)
6.stress path應(yīng)力路徑
7.numerical geotechanics 數(shù)值巖土力學(xué)
二. 土的分類
1.residual soil殘積土 groundwater level地下水位
2.groundwater 地下水
groundwater table地下水位
3.clay minerals粘土礦物
4.secondary minerals次生礦物
5.landslides滑坡
6.bore hole columnar section鉆孔柱狀圖
7.engineering geologic investigation工程地質(zhì)勘察
8.boulder漂石
9.cobble卵石
10.gravel砂石
11.gravelly sand礫砂
12.coarse sand粗砂
13.medium sand中砂
14.fine sand細(xì)砂
15.silty sand粉土
16.clayey soil粘性土
17.clay粘土
18.silty clay粉質(zhì)粘土
19.silt粉土
20.sandy silt砂質(zhì)粉土
21.clayey silt粘質(zhì)粉土
22.saturated soil飽和土
23.unsaturated soil非飽和土
24.fill (soil)填土
25.overconsolidated soil超固結(jié)土
26.normally consolidated soil正常固結(jié)土
27.underconsolidated soil欠固結(jié)土
28.zonal soil區(qū)域性土
29.soft clay軟粘土
30.expansive (swelling) soil膨脹土
31.peat泥炭
32.loess黃土
33.frozen soil凍土
三. 土的基本物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)
1.cc compression index
2.cu undrained shear strength
3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0
(cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively
4.cvane cohesive strength from vane test
5.e0 natural void ratio
6.Ip plasticity index
7.K0 coefficient of "at-rest "pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2
8.K0' domain for effective stressesσ1 ' andσ2'
9.K0n K0 for normally consolidated state
10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition
11.K0d K0 coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient
12.kh ,kv permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively
13.N blow count, standard penetration test
14.OCR over-consolidation ratio
15.pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test
16.p0 effective overburden pressure
17.p s specific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test
18.qu unconfined compressive strength
19.U, Um degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen
20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively
21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively
22.σ1,σ2 principal stresses, σ1 ' andσ2' denote effective principal stresses
23.Atterberg limits阿太堡界限
24.degree of saturation飽和度
25.dry unit weight干重度
26.moist unit weight濕重度
27.saturated unit weight飽和重度
28.effective unit weight有效重度
29.density密度
30.compactness密實度
31.maximum dry density干密度
32.optimum water content含水量
33.three phase diagram三相圖
34.tri-phase soil三相土
35.soil fraction粒組
36.sieve analysis篩分
37.hydrometer analysis比重計分析
38.uniformity coefficient不均勻系數(shù)
39.coefficient of gradation級配系數(shù)
40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)細(xì)粒土
41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土
42.Unified soil classification system土的統(tǒng)一分類系統(tǒng)
43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer美國土木工程師學(xué)會
44.AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials美國州公路官員協(xié)會
45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
國際土力學(xué)與巖土工程學(xué)會
四. 滲透性和滲流
1.Darcy's law 達(dá)西定律
2.piping管涌
3.flowing soil流土
4.sand boiling砂沸
5.flow net流網(wǎng)
6.seepage滲透（流）
7.leakage滲流
8.seepage pressure滲透壓力
9.permeability滲透性
10.seepage force滲透力
11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度
12.coefficient of permeability滲透系數(shù)
五. 地基應(yīng)力和變形
1.soft soil軟土
2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入樁（負(fù)）摩阻力
3.effective stress有效應(yīng)力
4.total stress總應(yīng)力
5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪強度
6.low activity低活性
7.sensitivity靈敏度
8.triaxial test三軸試驗
9.foundation design基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計
10.recompaction再壓縮
11.bearing capacity承載力
12.soil mass土體
13.contact stress (pressure)接觸應(yīng)力（壓力）
14.concentrated load集中荷載
15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半無限彈性體
16.homogeneous均質(zhì)
17.isotropic各向同性
18.strip footing條基
19.square spread footing方形獨立基礎(chǔ)
20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下臥層（土）
21.dead load =sustained load恒載 持續(xù)荷載
22.live load活載
23.short -term transient load短期瞬時荷載
24.long-term transient load長期荷載
25.reduced load折算荷載
26.settlement沉降
27.deformation變形
28.casing套管
29.dike=dyke堤（防）
30.clay fraction粘粒粒組
31.physical properties物理性質(zhì)
32.subgrade路基
33.well-graded soil級配良好土
34.poorly-graded soil級配不良土
35.normal stresses正應(yīng)力
36.shear stresses剪應(yīng)力
37.principal plane主平面
38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress（中、最?。┲鲬?yīng)力
39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩爾-庫侖破壞條件
40.FEM=finite element method有限元法
41.limit equilibrium method極限平衡法
42.pore water pressure孔隙水壓力
43.preconsolidation pressure先期固結(jié)壓力
44.modulus of compressibility壓縮模量
45.coefficent of compressibility壓縮系數(shù)
46.compression index壓縮指數(shù)
47.swelling index回彈指數(shù)
48.geostatic stress自重應(yīng)力
49.additional stress附加應(yīng)力
50.total stress總應(yīng)力
51.final settlement最終沉降
52.slip line滑動線
六. 基坑開挖與降水
1 excavation開挖（挖方）
2 dewatering（基坑）降水
3 failure of foundation基坑失穩(wěn)
4 bracing of foundation pit基坑圍護
5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起
6 retaining wall擋土墻
7 pore-pressure distribution孔壓分布
8 dewatering method降低地下水位法
9 well point system井點系統(tǒng)（輕型）
10 deep well point深井點
11 vacuum well point真空井點
12 braced cuts支撐圍護
13 braced excavation支撐開挖
14 braced sheeting支撐擋板
七. 深基礎(chǔ)－－deep foundation
1.pile foundation樁基礎(chǔ)
1)cast -in-place灌注樁
diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注樁
bored pile鉆孔樁
special-shaped cast-in-place pile機控異型灌注樁
piles set into rock嵌巖灌注樁
rammed bulb pile夯擴樁
2)belled pier foundation鉆孔墩基礎(chǔ)
drilled-pier foundation鉆孔擴底墩
under-reamed bored pier
3)precast concrete pile預(yù)制混凝土樁
4)steel pile鋼樁
steel pipe pile鋼管樁
steel sheet pile鋼板樁
5)prestressed concrete pile預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土樁
prestressed concrete pipe pile預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土管樁
2.caisson foundation沉井（箱）
3.diaphragm wall地下連續(xù)墻 截水墻
4.friction pile摩擦樁
5.end-bearing pile端承樁
6.shaft豎井；樁身
7.wave equation analysis波動方程分析
8.pile caps承臺（樁帽）
9.bearing capacity of single pile單樁承載力
10.lateral pile load test單樁橫向載荷試驗
11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile單樁橫向極限承載力
12.static load test of pile單樁豎向靜荷載試驗
13.vertical allowable load capacity單樁豎向容許承載力
14.low pile cap低樁承臺
15.high-rise pile cap高樁承臺
16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile單樁抗拔極限承載力
17.silent piling靜力壓樁
18.uplift pile抗拔樁
19.anti-slide pile抗滑樁
20.pile groups群樁
21.efficiency factor of pile groups群樁效率系數(shù)（η）
22.efficiency of pile groups群樁效應(yīng)
23.dynamic pile testing樁基動測技術(shù)
24.final set最后貫入度
25.dynamic load test of pile樁動荷載試驗
26.pile integrity test樁的完整性試驗
27.pile head=butt樁頭
28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe樁端（頭）
29.pile spacing樁距
30.pile plan樁位布置圖
31.arrangement of piles =pile layout樁的布置
32.group action群樁作用
33.end bearing=tip resistance樁端阻
34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance樁側(cè)阻
35.pile cushion樁墊
36.pile driving(by vibration) （振動）打樁
37.pile pulling test拔樁試驗
38.pile shoe樁靴
39.pile noise打樁噪音
40.pile rig打樁機
八. 地基處理－－ground treatment
1.technical code for ground treatment of building建筑地基處理技術(shù)規(guī)范
2.cushion墊層法
3.preloading預(yù)壓法
4.dynamic compaction強夯法
5.dynamic compaction replacement強夯置換法
6.vibroflotation method振沖法
7.sand-gravel pile砂石樁
8.gravel pile(stone column)碎石樁
9.cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石樁
10.cement mixing method水泥土攪拌樁
11.cement column水泥樁
12.lime pile (lime column)石灰樁
13.jet grouting高壓噴射注漿法
14.rammed-cement-soil pile夯實水泥土樁法
15.lime-soil compaction pile 灰土擠密樁
lime-soil compacted column灰土擠密樁
lime soil pile灰土擠密樁
16.chemical stabilization化學(xué)加固法
17.surface compaction表層壓實法
18.surcharge preloading超載預(yù)壓法
19.vacuum preloading真空預(yù)壓法
20.sand wick袋裝砂井
21.geofabric ,geotextile土工織物
22.composite foundation復(fù)合地基
23.reinforcement method加筋法
24.dewatering method降低地下水固結(jié)法
25.freezing and heating冷熱處理法
26.expansive ground treatment膨脹土地基處理
27.ground treatment in mountain area山區(qū)地基處理
28.collapsible loess treatment濕陷性黃土地基處理
29.artificial foundation人工地基
30.natural foundation天然地基
31.pillow褥墊
32.soft clay ground軟土地基
33.sand drain砂井
34.root pile樹根樁
35.plastic drain塑料排水帶
36.replacement ratio（復(fù)合地基）置換率
九. 固結(jié)consolidation
1.Terzzaghi's consolidation theory太沙基固結(jié)理論
2.Barraon's consolidation theory巴隆固結(jié)理論
3.Biot's consolidation theory比奧固結(jié)理論
4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固結(jié)比
5.overconsolidation soil超固結(jié)土
6.excess pore water pressure超孔壓力
7.multi-dimensional consolidation多維固結(jié)
8.one-dimensional consolidation一維固結(jié)
9.primary consolidation主固結(jié)
10.secondary consolidation次固結(jié)
11.degree of consolidation固結(jié)度
12.consolidation test固結(jié)試驗
13.consolidation curve固結(jié)曲線
14.time factor Tv時間因子
15.coefficient of consolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)
16.preconsolidation pressure前期固結(jié)壓力
17.principle of effective stress有效應(yīng)力原理
18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固結(jié)
十. 抗剪強度shear strength
1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪強度
2.residual strength殘余強度
3.long-term strength長期強度
4.peak strength峰值強度
5.shear strain rate剪切應(yīng)變速率
6.dilatation剪脹
7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪脹抗剪強度有效應(yīng)力法
8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪強度總應(yīng)力法
9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫爾－庫侖理論
10.angle of internal friction內(nèi)摩擦角
11.cohesion粘聚力
12.failure criterion破壞準(zhǔn)則
13.vane strength十字板抗剪強度
14.unconfined compression無側(cè)限抗壓強度
15.effective stress failure envelop有效應(yīng)力破壞包線
16.effective stress strength parameter有效應(yīng)力強度參數(shù)
十一. 本構(gòu)模型－－constitutive model
1.elastic model彈性模型
2.nonlinear elastic model非線性彈性模型
3.elastoplastic model彈塑性模型
4.viscoelastic model粘彈性模型
5.boundary surface model邊界面模型
6.Duncan-Chang model鄧肯－張模型
7.rigid plastic model剛塑性模型
8.cap model蓋帽模型
9.work softening加工軟化
10.work hardening加工硬化
11.Cambridge model劍橋模型
12.ideal elastoplastic model理想彈塑性模型
13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫爾－庫侖屈服準(zhǔn)則
14.yield surface屈服面
15.elastic half-space foundation model彈性半空間地基模型
16.elastic modulus彈性模量
17.Winkler foundation model文克爾地基模型
十二. 地基承載力－－bearing capacity of foundation soil
1.punching shear failure沖剪破壞
2.general shear failure整體剪切破化
3.local shear failure局部剪切破壞
4.state of limit equilibrium極限平衡狀態(tài)
5.critical edge pressure臨塑荷載
6.stability of foundation soil地基穩(wěn)定性
7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基極限承載力
8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容許承載力
十三. 土壓力－－earth pressure
1.active earth pressure主動土壓力
2.passive earth pressure被動土壓力
3.earth pressure at rest靜止土壓力
4.Coulomb's earth pressure theory庫侖土壓力理論
5.Rankine's earth pressure theory朗金土壓力理論
十四. 土坡穩(wěn)定分析－－slope stability analysis
1.angle of repose休止角
2.Bishop method畢肖普法
3.safety factor of slope邊坡穩(wěn)定安全系數(shù)
4.Fellenius method of slices費紐倫斯條分法
5.Swedish circle method瑞典圓弧滑動法
6.slices method條分法
十五. 擋土墻－－retaining wall
1.stability of retaining wall擋土墻穩(wěn)定性
2.foundation wall基礎(chǔ)墻
3.counter retaining wall扶壁式擋土墻
4.cantilever retaining wall懸臂式擋土墻
5.cantilever sheet pile wall懸臂式板樁墻
6.gravity retaining wall重力式擋土墻
7.anchored plate retaining wall錨定板擋土墻
8.anchored sheet pile wall錨定板板樁墻
十六. 板樁結(jié)構(gòu)物－－sheet pile structure
1.steel sheet pile鋼板樁
2.reinforced concrete sheet pile鋼筋混凝土板樁
3.steel piles鋼樁
4.wooden sheet pile木板樁
5.timber piles木樁
十七. 淺基礎(chǔ)－－shallow foundation
1.box foundation箱型基礎(chǔ)
2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基礎(chǔ)
3.strip foundation條形基礎(chǔ)
4.spread footing擴展基礎(chǔ)
5.compensated foundation補償性基礎(chǔ)
6.bearing stratum持力層
7.rigid foundation剛性基礎(chǔ)
8.flexible foundation柔性基礎(chǔ)
9.embedded depth of foundation基礎(chǔ)埋置深度
10.net foundation pressure基底附加應(yīng)力
11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部結(jié)構(gòu)－基礎(chǔ)－地基共同作用分析
十八. 土的動力性質(zhì)－－dynamic properties of soils
1.dynamic strength of soils動強度
2.wave velocity method波速法
3.material damping材料阻尼
4.geometric damping幾何阻尼
5.damping ratio阻尼比
6.initial liquefaction初始液化
7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期
8.dynamic shear modulus of soils動剪切模量
9.dynamic magnification factor動力放大因素
10.liquefaction strength抗液化強度
11.dimensionless frequency無量綱頻率
12.evaluation of liquefaction液化勢評價
13.stress wave in soils土中應(yīng)力波
14.dynamic settlement振陷（動沉降）
十九. 動力機器基礎(chǔ)
1.equivalent lumped parameter method等效集總參數(shù)法
2.dynamic subgrade reaction method動基床反力法
3.vibration isolation隔振
4.foundation vibration基礎(chǔ)振動
5.elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration基礎(chǔ)振動彈性半空間理論
6.allowable amplitude of foundation基礎(chǔ)振動容許振幅
7.natural frequency of foundation基礎(chǔ)自振頻率
二十. 地基基礎(chǔ)抗震
1.earthquake engineering地震工程
2.soil dynamics土動力學(xué)
3.duration of earthquake地震持續(xù)時間
4.earthquake response spectrum地震反應(yīng)譜
5.earthquake intensity地震烈度
6.earthquake magnitude震級
7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期
8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震加速度
二十一. 室內(nèi)土工實驗
1.high pressure consolidation test高壓固結(jié)試驗
2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固結(jié)試驗
3.falling head permeability變水頭試驗
4.constant head permeability常水頭滲透試驗
5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固結(jié)不排水試驗(UU)
6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固結(jié)不排水試驗(CU)
7.consolidated drained triaxial test固結(jié)排水試驗(CD)
8.compaction test擊實試驗
9.consolidated quick direct shear test固結(jié)快剪試驗
10.quick direct shear test快剪試驗
11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪試驗
12.sieve analysis篩分析
13.geotechnical model test土工模型試驗
14.centrifugal model test離心模型試驗
15.direct shear apparatus直剪儀
16.direct shear test直剪試驗
17.direct simple shear test直接單剪試驗
18.dynamic triaxial test三軸試驗
19.dynamic simple shear動單剪
20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱試驗
二十二. 原位測試
1.standard penetration test (SPT)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗
2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波試驗
3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)動力觸探試驗
4.static cone penetration (SPT) 靜力觸探試驗
5.plate loading test靜力荷載試驗
6.lateral load test of pile 單樁橫向載荷試驗
7.static load test of pile 單樁豎向荷載試驗
8.cross-hole test 跨孔試驗
9.screw plate test螺旋板載荷試驗
10.pressuremeter test旁壓試驗
11.light sounding輕便觸探試驗
12.deep settlement measurement深層沉降觀測
13.vane shear test十字板剪切試驗
14.field permeability test現(xiàn)場滲透試驗
15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水壓量測
16.in-situ soil test原位試驗
1.geotechnical engineering巖土工程
2.foundation engineering基礎(chǔ)工程
3.soil, earth土
4.soil mechanics土力學(xué)
cyclic loading周期荷載
unloading卸載
reloading再加載
viscoelastic foundation粘彈性地基
viscous damping粘滯阻尼
shear modulus剪切模量
5.soil dynamics土動力學(xué)
6.stress path應(yīng)力路徑
7.numerical geotechanics 數(shù)值巖土力學(xué)
二. 土的分類
1.residual soil殘積土 groundwater level地下水位
2.groundwater 地下水
groundwater table地下水位
3.clay minerals粘土礦物
4.secondary minerals次生礦物
5.landslides滑坡
6.bore hole columnar section鉆孔柱狀圖
7.engineering geologic investigation工程地質(zhì)勘察
8.boulder漂石
9.cobble卵石
10.gravel砂石
11.gravelly sand礫砂
12.coarse sand粗砂
13.medium sand中砂
14.fine sand細(xì)砂
15.silty sand粉土
16.clayey soil粘性土
17.clay粘土
18.silty clay粉質(zhì)粘土
19.silt粉土
20.sandy silt砂質(zhì)粉土
21.clayey silt粘質(zhì)粉土
22.saturated soil飽和土
23.unsaturated soil非飽和土
24.fill (soil)填土
25.overconsolidated soil超固結(jié)土
26.normally consolidated soil正常固結(jié)土
27.underconsolidated soil欠固結(jié)土
28.zonal soil區(qū)域性土
29.soft clay軟粘土
30.expansive (swelling) soil膨脹土
31.peat泥炭
32.loess黃土
33.frozen soil凍土
三. 土的基本物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)
1.cc compression index
2.cu undrained shear strength
3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0
(cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively
4.cvane cohesive strength from vane test
5.e0 natural void ratio
6.Ip plasticity index
7.K0 coefficient of "at-rest "pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2
8.K0' domain for effective stressesσ1 ' andσ2'
9.K0n K0 for normally consolidated state
10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition
11.K0d K0 coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient
12.kh ,kv permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively
13.N blow count, standard penetration test
14.OCR over-consolidation ratio
15.pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test
16.p0 effective overburden pressure
17.p s specific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test
18.qu unconfined compressive strength
19.U, Um degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen
20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively
21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively
22.σ1,σ2 principal stresses, σ1 ' andσ2' denote effective principal stresses
23.Atterberg limits阿太堡界限
24.degree of saturation飽和度
25.dry unit weight干重度
26.moist unit weight濕重度
27.saturated unit weight飽和重度
28.effective unit weight有效重度
29.density密度
30.compactness密實度
31.maximum dry density干密度
32.optimum water content含水量
33.three phase diagram三相圖
34.tri-phase soil三相土
35.soil fraction粒組
36.sieve analysis篩分
37.hydrometer analysis比重計分析
38.uniformity coefficient不均勻系數(shù)
39.coefficient of gradation級配系數(shù)
40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)細(xì)粒土
41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土
42.Unified soil classification system土的統(tǒng)一分類系統(tǒng)
43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer美國土木工程師學(xué)會
44.AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials美國州公路官員協(xié)會
45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
國際土力學(xué)與巖土工程學(xué)會
四. 滲透性和滲流
1.Darcy's law 達(dá)西定律
2.piping管涌
3.flowing soil流土
4.sand boiling砂沸
5.flow net流網(wǎng)
6.seepage滲透（流）
7.leakage滲流
8.seepage pressure滲透壓力
9.permeability滲透性
10.seepage force滲透力
11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度
12.coefficient of permeability滲透系數(shù)
五. 地基應(yīng)力和變形
1.soft soil軟土
2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入樁（負(fù)）摩阻力
3.effective stress有效應(yīng)力
4.total stress總應(yīng)力
5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪強度
6.low activity低活性
7.sensitivity靈敏度
8.triaxial test三軸試驗
9.foundation design基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計
10.recompaction再壓縮
11.bearing capacity承載力
12.soil mass土體
13.contact stress (pressure)接觸應(yīng)力（壓力）
14.concentrated load集中荷載
15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半無限彈性體
16.homogeneous均質(zhì)
17.isotropic各向同性
18.strip footing條基
19.square spread footing方形獨立基礎(chǔ)
20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下臥層（土）
21.dead load =sustained load恒載 持續(xù)荷載
22.live load活載
23.short -term transient load短期瞬時荷載
24.long-term transient load長期荷載
25.reduced load折算荷載
26.settlement沉降
27.deformation變形
28.casing套管
29.dike=dyke堤（防）
30.clay fraction粘粒粒組
31.physical properties物理性質(zhì)
32.subgrade路基
33.well-graded soil級配良好土
34.poorly-graded soil級配不良土
35.normal stresses正應(yīng)力
36.shear stresses剪應(yīng)力
37.principal plane主平面
38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress（中、最?。┲鲬?yīng)力
39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩爾-庫侖破壞條件
40.FEM=finite element method有限元法
41.limit equilibrium method極限平衡法
42.pore water pressure孔隙水壓力
43.preconsolidation pressure先期固結(jié)壓力
44.modulus of compressibility壓縮模量
45.coefficent of compressibility壓縮系數(shù)
46.compression index壓縮指數(shù)
47.swelling index回彈指數(shù)
48.geostatic stress自重應(yīng)力
49.additional stress附加應(yīng)力
50.total stress總應(yīng)力
51.final settlement最終沉降
52.slip line滑動線
六. 基坑開挖與降水
1 excavation開挖（挖方）
2 dewatering（基坑）降水
3 failure of foundation基坑失穩(wěn)
4 bracing of foundation pit基坑圍護
5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起
6 retaining wall擋土墻
7 pore-pressure distribution孔壓分布
8 dewatering method降低地下水位法
9 well point system井點系統(tǒng)（輕型）
10 deep well point深井點
11 vacuum well point真空井點
12 braced cuts支撐圍護
13 braced excavation支撐開挖
14 braced sheeting支撐擋板
七. 深基礎(chǔ)－－deep foundation
1.pile foundation樁基礎(chǔ)
1)cast -in-place灌注樁
diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注樁
bored pile鉆孔樁
special-shaped cast-in-place pile機控異型灌注樁
piles set into rock嵌巖灌注樁
rammed bulb pile夯擴樁
2)belled pier foundation鉆孔墩基礎(chǔ)
drilled-pier foundation鉆孔擴底墩
under-reamed bored pier
3)precast concrete pile預(yù)制混凝土樁
4)steel pile鋼樁
steel pipe pile鋼管樁
steel sheet pile鋼板樁
5)prestressed concrete pile預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土樁
prestressed concrete pipe pile預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土管樁
2.caisson foundation沉井（箱）
3.diaphragm wall地下連續(xù)墻 截水墻
4.friction pile摩擦樁
5.end-bearing pile端承樁
6.shaft豎井；樁身
7.wave equation analysis波動方程分析
8.pile caps承臺（樁帽）
9.bearing capacity of single pile單樁承載力
10.lateral pile load test單樁橫向載荷試驗
11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile單樁橫向極限承載力
12.static load test of pile單樁豎向靜荷載試驗
13.vertical allowable load capacity單樁豎向容許承載力
14.low pile cap低樁承臺
15.high-rise pile cap高樁承臺
16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile單樁抗拔極限承載力
17.silent piling靜力壓樁
18.uplift pile抗拔樁
19.anti-slide pile抗滑樁
20.pile groups群樁
21.efficiency factor of pile groups群樁效率系數(shù)（η）
22.efficiency of pile groups群樁效應(yīng)
23.dynamic pile testing樁基動測技術(shù)
24.final set最后貫入度
25.dynamic load test of pile樁動荷載試驗
26.pile integrity test樁的完整性試驗
27.pile head=butt樁頭
28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe樁端（頭）
29.pile spacing樁距
30.pile plan樁位布置圖
31.arrangement of piles =pile layout樁的布置
32.group action群樁作用
33.end bearing=tip resistance樁端阻
34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance樁側(cè)阻
35.pile cushion樁墊
36.pile driving(by vibration) （振動）打樁
37.pile pulling test拔樁試驗
38.pile shoe樁靴
39.pile noise打樁噪音
40.pile rig打樁機
八. 地基處理－－ground treatment
1.technical code for ground treatment of building建筑地基處理技術(shù)規(guī)范
2.cushion墊層法
3.preloading預(yù)壓法
4.dynamic compaction強夯法
5.dynamic compaction replacement強夯置換法
6.vibroflotation method振沖法
7.sand-gravel pile砂石樁
8.gravel pile(stone column)碎石樁
9.cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石樁
10.cement mixing method水泥土攪拌樁
11.cement column水泥樁
12.lime pile (lime column)石灰樁
13.jet grouting高壓噴射注漿法
14.rammed-cement-soil pile夯實水泥土樁法
15.lime-soil compaction pile 灰土擠密樁
lime-soil compacted column灰土擠密樁
lime soil pile灰土擠密樁
16.chemical stabilization化學(xué)加固法
17.surface compaction表層壓實法
18.surcharge preloading超載預(yù)壓法
19.vacuum preloading真空預(yù)壓法
20.sand wick袋裝砂井
21.geofabric ,geotextile土工織物
22.composite foundation復(fù)合地基
23.reinforcement method加筋法
24.dewatering method降低地下水固結(jié)法
25.freezing and heating冷熱處理法
26.expansive ground treatment膨脹土地基處理
27.ground treatment in mountain area山區(qū)地基處理
28.collapsible loess treatment濕陷性黃土地基處理
29.artificial foundation人工地基
30.natural foundation天然地基
31.pillow褥墊
32.soft clay ground軟土地基
33.sand drain砂井
34.root pile樹根樁
35.plastic drain塑料排水帶
36.replacement ratio（復(fù)合地基）置換率
九. 固結(jié)consolidation
1.Terzzaghi's consolidation theory太沙基固結(jié)理論
2.Barraon's consolidation theory巴隆固結(jié)理論
3.Biot's consolidation theory比奧固結(jié)理論
4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固結(jié)比
5.overconsolidation soil超固結(jié)土
6.excess pore water pressure超孔壓力
7.multi-dimensional consolidation多維固結(jié)
8.one-dimensional consolidation一維固結(jié)
9.primary consolidation主固結(jié)
10.secondary consolidation次固結(jié)
11.degree of consolidation固結(jié)度
12.consolidation test固結(jié)試驗
13.consolidation curve固結(jié)曲線
14.time factor Tv時間因子
15.coefficient of consolidation固結(jié)系數(shù)
16.preconsolidation pressure前期固結(jié)壓力
17.principle of effective stress有效應(yīng)力原理
18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固結(jié)
十. 抗剪強度shear strength
1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪強度
2.residual strength殘余強度
3.long-term strength長期強度
4.peak strength峰值強度
5.shear strain rate剪切應(yīng)變速率
6.dilatation剪脹
7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪脹抗剪強度有效應(yīng)力法
8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪強度總應(yīng)力法
9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫爾－庫侖理論
10.angle of internal friction內(nèi)摩擦角
11.cohesion粘聚力
12.failure criterion破壞準(zhǔn)則
13.vane strength十字板抗剪強度
14.unconfined compression無側(cè)限抗壓強度
15.effective stress failure envelop有效應(yīng)力破壞包線
16.effective stress strength parameter有效應(yīng)力強度參數(shù)
十一. 本構(gòu)模型－－constitutive model
1.elastic model彈性模型
2.nonlinear elastic model非線性彈性模型
3.elastoplastic model彈塑性模型
4.viscoelastic model粘彈性模型
5.boundary surface model邊界面模型
6.Duncan-Chang model鄧肯－張模型
7.rigid plastic model剛塑性模型
8.cap model蓋帽模型
9.work softening加工軟化
10.work hardening加工硬化
11.Cambridge model劍橋模型
12.ideal elastoplastic model理想彈塑性模型
13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫爾－庫侖屈服準(zhǔn)則
14.yield surface屈服面
15.elastic half-space foundation model彈性半空間地基模型
16.elastic modulus彈性模量
17.Winkler foundation model文克爾地基模型
十二. 地基承載力－－bearing capacity of foundation soil
1.punching shear failure沖剪破壞
2.general shear failure整體剪切破化
3.local shear failure局部剪切破壞
4.state of limit equilibrium極限平衡狀態(tài)
5.critical edge pressure臨塑荷載
6.stability of foundation soil地基穩(wěn)定性
7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基極限承載力
8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容許承載力
十三. 土壓力－－earth pressure
1.active earth pressure主動土壓力
2.passive earth pressure被動土壓力
3.earth pressure at rest靜止土壓力
4.Coulomb's earth pressure theory庫侖土壓力理論
5.Rankine's earth pressure theory朗金土壓力理論
十四. 土坡穩(wěn)定分析－－slope stability analysis
1.angle of repose休止角
2.Bishop method畢肖普法
3.safety factor of slope邊坡穩(wěn)定安全系數(shù)
4.Fellenius method of slices費紐倫斯條分法
5.Swedish circle method瑞典圓弧滑動法
6.slices method條分法
十五. 擋土墻－－retaining wall
1.stability of retaining wall擋土墻穩(wěn)定性
2.foundation wall基礎(chǔ)墻
3.counter retaining wall扶壁式擋土墻
4.cantilever retaining wall懸臂式擋土墻
5.cantilever sheet pile wall懸臂式板樁墻
6.gravity retaining wall重力式擋土墻
7.anchored plate retaining wall錨定板擋土墻
8.anchored sheet pile wall錨定板板樁墻
十六. 板樁結(jié)構(gòu)物－－sheet pile structure
1.steel sheet pile鋼板樁
2.reinforced concrete sheet pile鋼筋混凝土板樁
3.steel piles鋼樁
4.wooden sheet pile木板樁
5.timber piles木樁
十七. 淺基礎(chǔ)－－shallow foundation
1.box foundation箱型基礎(chǔ)
2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基礎(chǔ)
3.strip foundation條形基礎(chǔ)
4.spread footing擴展基礎(chǔ)
5.compensated foundation補償性基礎(chǔ)
6.bearing stratum持力層
7.rigid foundation剛性基礎(chǔ)
8.flexible foundation柔性基礎(chǔ)
9.embedded depth of foundation基礎(chǔ)埋置深度
10.net foundation pressure基底附加應(yīng)力
11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部結(jié)構(gòu)－基礎(chǔ)－地基共同作用分析
十八. 土的動力性質(zhì)－－dynamic properties of soils
1.dynamic strength of soils動強度
2.wave velocity method波速法
3.material damping材料阻尼
4.geometric damping幾何阻尼
5.damping ratio阻尼比
6.initial liquefaction初始液化
7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期
8.dynamic shear modulus of soils動剪切模量
9.dynamic magnification factor動力放大因素
10.liquefaction strength抗液化強度
11.dimensionless frequency無量綱頻率
12.evaluation of liquefaction液化勢評價
13.stress wave in soils土中應(yīng)力波
14.dynamic settlement振陷（動沉降）
十九. 動力機器基礎(chǔ)
1.equivalent lumped parameter method等效集總參數(shù)法
2.dynamic subgrade reaction method動基床反力法
3.vibration isolation隔振
4.foundation vibration基礎(chǔ)振動
5.elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration基礎(chǔ)振動彈性半空間理論
6.allowable amplitude of foundation基礎(chǔ)振動容許振幅
7.natural frequency of foundation基礎(chǔ)自振頻率
二十. 地基基礎(chǔ)抗震
1.earthquake engineering地震工程
2.soil dynamics土動力學(xué)
3.duration of earthquake地震持續(xù)時間
4.earthquake response spectrum地震反應(yīng)譜
5.earthquake intensity地震烈度
6.earthquake magnitude震級
7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期
8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震加速度
二十一. 室內(nèi)土工實驗
1.high pressure consolidation test高壓固結(jié)試驗
2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固結(jié)試驗
3.falling head permeability變水頭試驗
4.constant head permeability常水頭滲透試驗
5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固結(jié)不排水試驗(UU)
6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固結(jié)不排水試驗(CU)
7.consolidated drained triaxial test固結(jié)排水試驗(CD)
8.compaction test擊實試驗
9.consolidated quick direct shear test固結(jié)快剪試驗
10.quick direct shear test快剪試驗
11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪試驗
12.sieve analysis篩分析
13.geotechnical model test土工模型試驗
14.centrifugal model test離心模型試驗
15.direct shear apparatus直剪儀
16.direct shear test直剪試驗
17.direct simple shear test直接單剪試驗
18.dynamic triaxial test三軸試驗
19.dynamic simple shear動單剪
20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱試驗
二十二. 原位測試
1.standard penetration test (SPT)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗
2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波試驗
3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)動力觸探試驗
4.static cone penetration (SPT) 靜力觸探試驗
5.plate loading test靜力荷載試驗
6.lateral load test of pile 單樁橫向載荷試驗
7.static load test of pile 單樁豎向荷載試驗
8.cross-hole test 跨孔試驗
9.screw plate test螺旋板載荷試驗
10.pressuremeter test旁壓試驗
11.light sounding輕便觸探試驗
12.deep settlement measurement深層沉降觀測
13.vane shear test十字板剪切試驗
14.field permeability test現(xiàn)場滲透試驗
15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水壓量測
16.in-situ soil test原位試驗