1、damage, harm, hurt, injure, spoil
乍看這幾個(gè)詞，覺得意思都差不多。它們都有“損害，傷害，破壞”的意思。其實(shí)，它們之間還是有不同的。damage: “毀壞，損壞”，主要指造成價(jià)值，效用，完整性方面的損壞。例如：
Mr. Smith, I wonder if we could arrange a talk about the damaged cargo sometime.史密斯先生，我們能不能安排個(gè)時(shí)間商談破損貨物的問題。
The water they had thrown over everything to put out the fire damaged the books.為了滅火，他們把水往一切東西上潑，把書也損壞了。
harm: “損害，傷害”，詞義具體，強(qiáng)調(diào)帶來損失，病痛或痛苦。Though he knows clearly that smoking harms his health, he simply cannot give it up.雖然他很清楚吸煙對身體有害，但他就是戒不了。
hurt: “疼痛，傷害”，尤其指感情或身體遭受創(chuàng)傷。Nothing hurts more than a bad tooth, so he had to go to the dentist to have it pulled out.沒有比牙齒壞了更疼痛的了，所以他不得不找牙醫(yī)拔掉那顆壞牙。My little boy fell off a ladder and hurt himself.我的兒子從樓梯上摔了下來，把自己摔傷了。
injure: “傷害，損害”，一般常指不公正地對待或冤屈某人，即有意識地侵害別人的權(quán)利或毀壞別人的健康、成就等，也可以指外表、健康、安逸等遭受破壞。The gas polluted the surroundings and injured the health of workers and residents of the area.這種氣體污染環(huán)境，損害工人和該地區(qū)居民的健康。
乍看這幾個(gè)詞，覺得意思都差不多。它們都有“損害，傷害，破壞”的意思。其實(shí)，它們之間還是有不同的。damage: “毀壞，損壞”，主要指造成價(jià)值，效用，完整性方面的損壞。例如：
Mr. Smith, I wonder if we could arrange a talk about the damaged cargo sometime.史密斯先生，我們能不能安排個(gè)時(shí)間商談破損貨物的問題。
The water they had thrown over everything to put out the fire damaged the books.為了滅火，他們把水往一切東西上潑，把書也損壞了。
harm: “損害，傷害”，詞義具體，強(qiáng)調(diào)帶來損失，病痛或痛苦。Though he knows clearly that smoking harms his health, he simply cannot give it up.雖然他很清楚吸煙對身體有害，但他就是戒不了。
hurt: “疼痛，傷害”，尤其指感情或身體遭受創(chuàng)傷。Nothing hurts more than a bad tooth, so he had to go to the dentist to have it pulled out.沒有比牙齒壞了更疼痛的了，所以他不得不找牙醫(yī)拔掉那顆壞牙。My little boy fell off a ladder and hurt himself.我的兒子從樓梯上摔了下來，把自己摔傷了。
injure: “傷害，損害”，一般常指不公正地對待或冤屈某人，即有意識地侵害別人的權(quán)利或毀壞別人的健康、成就等，也可以指外表、健康、安逸等遭受破壞。The gas polluted the surroundings and injured the health of workers and residents of the area.這種氣體污染環(huán)境，損害工人和該地區(qū)居民的健康。