第三部分 概括大意與完成句子
考查目標(biāo): 概括段落大意的能力及尋找細(xì)節(jié)的能力.
Ceasing to Wear Ties （C）
1 It's useless. It's dirty. It spreads disease.（5）That's why the British Medical Association in the UK recently called for hospital doctors to stop wearing ties.
2 That leads to another question. Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose. They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.
3 Ties have an odd history.（6）Soldiers from Croatia, in Eastern Europe, served as mercenaries（雇傭軍）in various conflicts in the 17th century. They were identified by brightly colored pieces of silk worn around the neck. Known as cravats（圍巾）, these became a popular fashion item in France and eventually evolved into the tie.
4 It's an interesting story, but it doesn't tell us why men want to put useless pieces of cloth or silk around their necks. The answer seems to be about identification（身份證明）.（7）In the 19th-century Britain, ties were used by universities, military regiments（團(tuán)）, sports clubs, schools and gentleman's clubs. Each tie was in a particular set of colors which identified the wearer as a member of that organization. Wearing ties was also the mark of Britain's most powerful classes. That made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted by a much larger class-the business class.
5 You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery. So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than his hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who did not wear a piece of colored silk around his neck. This is how millions of people came to wear ties across the world.
6 Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. （8）Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.
1.Paragraph 2 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103101：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
2.Paragraph 3 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103102：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：A
3.Paragraph 4 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103103：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
4.Paragraph 6 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103104：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：F
A Origin of the tie
B British ties
C Uselessness of the tie
D Old-fashioned ties
E Role of the tie
F Signs of a tieless era
5.The British Medical Association suggested that .
【答疑編號(hào)20103105：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
6.Ties were first worn by the Croatian soldiers .
【答疑編號(hào)20103106：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
7.People wore different ties in Britain in the 19th century to show that .
【答疑編號(hào)20103107：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
8.British Prime Minister Tony Blair is a man .
【答疑編號(hào)20103108：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：D
A they were workmen
B they were members of different organizations
C hospital doctors stop wearing ties
D who does not always wear a tie
E who served as mercenaries in many conflicts in the 17th century
F who does not want to live like a king
Things to Know about the UK（B、A）
1 From Buckingham Palace to Oxford,（5）the UK is loaded with wonderful icons（標(biāo)志）of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It's now better known for vibrant（充滿活力的）cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping-the UK is among the world's best.
2 Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you're one of these people, you'd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the（6）English people as humorous and hospitable. It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.
3 Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget（廉價(jià)的）airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route,（7）coaches are more expensive （though quicker）than buses. London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance（個(gè)體的）drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London's underground is called the Tube. It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.
4 The UK is not famous for its food.（8）But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture.
5 Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart club wear, while pubbing is much more casual.
1.Paragraph 2 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103109：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
2.Paragraph 3 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103110：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
3.Paragraph 4 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103111：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
4.Paragraph 5 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103112：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：F
A Education
B People
C Transport
D Drinks
E Food
F Nightlife
5.The UK is a country that is .
【答疑編號(hào)20103113：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
6.The British people are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103114：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
7.Coaches in the UK are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103115：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：A
8 Fish and chips are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103116：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
A faster but more expensive than buses
B both ancient and modern
C humorous and hospitable
D cheap and efficient
E traditional and famous
F clever and hardworking
特點(diǎn)：
1.為綜合類文章；
2.均出自教材以外的文章；
3.A、B級(jí)測(cè)試文章為同一篇文章；
4.概括大意部分多用同義詞替換原段落主題詞；
5.完成句子部分定位特征明顯。
應(yīng)對(duì)：
概括大意：
1.重點(diǎn)閱讀：標(biāo)題；指定段落的首句、第二句和尾句； 段落中頻繁出現(xiàn)的詞（名詞/動(dòng)名詞/形容詞/副詞）；
2.掌握答案特點(diǎn)：借用段中詞 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 同義詞替換 全段中心概括
（概括詞包括: way, use, definition, culture, history, explanation, finding, relationship, type, effect, factor, clue, comparison, significance, benefit, importance, composition, advantage, comment, contrast, basics, measure, action, indication, classification, criticism, effort, feature, characteristic, discovery, description, difference, association, birth, means, origin, conclusion）
3.數(shù)單詞個(gè)數(shù)法：選項(xiàng)中與段落中的吻合詞最多的為答案；
4.概括大意概率最多選項(xiàng)：BCEF；
完成句子：
1.帶專有名詞、數(shù)字、比較級(jí)/級(jí)、原因、長(zhǎng)句子的題目先做；
2.沒有上述特征詞的題目，關(guān)注其名詞、名詞短語、長(zhǎng)的介詞短語、形容詞（但標(biāo)題中的主題詞不能考慮）；
3.利用“反查”方法：從選項(xiàng)中選出有特征的選項(xiàng)，回歸文章定位；
4.其它做不出來的題目選相反的字母填上；
5.完成句子概率最多的選項(xiàng)：ABCE。
考查目標(biāo): 概括段落大意的能力及尋找細(xì)節(jié)的能力.
Ceasing to Wear Ties （C）
1 It's useless. It's dirty. It spreads disease.（5）That's why the British Medical Association in the UK recently called for hospital doctors to stop wearing ties.
2 That leads to another question. Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose. They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.
3 Ties have an odd history.（6）Soldiers from Croatia, in Eastern Europe, served as mercenaries（雇傭軍）in various conflicts in the 17th century. They were identified by brightly colored pieces of silk worn around the neck. Known as cravats（圍巾）, these became a popular fashion item in France and eventually evolved into the tie.
4 It's an interesting story, but it doesn't tell us why men want to put useless pieces of cloth or silk around their necks. The answer seems to be about identification（身份證明）.（7）In the 19th-century Britain, ties were used by universities, military regiments（團(tuán)）, sports clubs, schools and gentleman's clubs. Each tie was in a particular set of colors which identified the wearer as a member of that organization. Wearing ties was also the mark of Britain's most powerful classes. That made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted by a much larger class-the business class.
5 You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery. So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than his hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who did not wear a piece of colored silk around his neck. This is how millions of people came to wear ties across the world.
6 Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. （8）Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.
1.Paragraph 2 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103101：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
2.Paragraph 3 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103102：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：A
3.Paragraph 4 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103103：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
4.Paragraph 6 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103104：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：F
A Origin of the tie
B British ties
C Uselessness of the tie
D Old-fashioned ties
E Role of the tie
F Signs of a tieless era
5.The British Medical Association suggested that .
【答疑編號(hào)20103105：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
6.Ties were first worn by the Croatian soldiers .
【答疑編號(hào)20103106：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
7.People wore different ties in Britain in the 19th century to show that .
【答疑編號(hào)20103107：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
8.British Prime Minister Tony Blair is a man .
【答疑編號(hào)20103108：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：D
A they were workmen
B they were members of different organizations
C hospital doctors stop wearing ties
D who does not always wear a tie
E who served as mercenaries in many conflicts in the 17th century
F who does not want to live like a king
Things to Know about the UK（B、A）
1 From Buckingham Palace to Oxford,（5）the UK is loaded with wonderful icons（標(biāo)志）of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It's now better known for vibrant（充滿活力的）cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping-the UK is among the world's best.
2 Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you're one of these people, you'd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the（6）English people as humorous and hospitable. It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.
3 Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget（廉價(jià)的）airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route,（7）coaches are more expensive （though quicker）than buses. London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance（個(gè)體的）drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London's underground is called the Tube. It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.
4 The UK is not famous for its food.（8）But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture.
5 Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart club wear, while pubbing is much more casual.
1.Paragraph 2 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103109：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
2.Paragraph 3 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103110：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
3.Paragraph 4 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103111：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
4.Paragraph 5 .
【答疑編號(hào)20103112：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：F
A Education
B People
C Transport
D Drinks
E Food
F Nightlife
5.The UK is a country that is .
【答疑編號(hào)20103113：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：B
6.The British people are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103114：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：C
7.Coaches in the UK are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103115：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：A
8 Fish and chips are .
【答疑編號(hào)20103116：針對(duì)該題提問】
答案：E
A faster but more expensive than buses
B both ancient and modern
C humorous and hospitable
D cheap and efficient
E traditional and famous
F clever and hardworking
特點(diǎn)：
1.為綜合類文章；
2.均出自教材以外的文章；
3.A、B級(jí)測(cè)試文章為同一篇文章；
4.概括大意部分多用同義詞替換原段落主題詞；
5.完成句子部分定位特征明顯。
應(yīng)對(duì)：
概括大意：
1.重點(diǎn)閱讀：標(biāo)題；指定段落的首句、第二句和尾句； 段落中頻繁出現(xiàn)的詞（名詞/動(dòng)名詞/形容詞/副詞）；
2.掌握答案特點(diǎn)：借用段中詞 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 同義詞替換 全段中心概括
（概括詞包括: way, use, definition, culture, history, explanation, finding, relationship, type, effect, factor, clue, comparison, significance, benefit, importance, composition, advantage, comment, contrast, basics, measure, action, indication, classification, criticism, effort, feature, characteristic, discovery, description, difference, association, birth, means, origin, conclusion）
3.數(shù)單詞個(gè)數(shù)法：選項(xiàng)中與段落中的吻合詞最多的為答案；
4.概括大意概率最多選項(xiàng)：BCEF；
完成句子：
1.帶專有名詞、數(shù)字、比較級(jí)/級(jí)、原因、長(zhǎng)句子的題目先做；
2.沒有上述特征詞的題目，關(guān)注其名詞、名詞短語、長(zhǎng)的介詞短語、形容詞（但標(biāo)題中的主題詞不能考慮）；
3.利用“反查”方法：從選項(xiàng)中選出有特征的選項(xiàng)，回歸文章定位；
4.其它做不出來的題目選相反的字母填上；
5.完成句子概率最多的選項(xiàng)：ABCE。