英語語序講練

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     一、跟在及物動詞后的由連接副詞或連接代詞how,when,where,why,who,which,whom, what,whose以及whether,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句要用陳述句語序,即主語、謂語不必顛倒。例如:
    I can't describe what I felt at that moment.
    Could you tell me why many writers are not fully appreciated until long after they die?
    二、在以think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞引起的賓語從句中,盡管從句表示否定意義,一般卻是通過否定主句的謂語動詞來否定從句。例如:
    Don't expect that he will come here in time next Sunday.
    I don't believe that they could finish the work within this week.
    三、由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,常常用部分倒裝。例如:
    Young as he is,he is excellent in his work.
    Poor health as she has,she insists on working hard in her post.
    四、句首為帶有否定意義的詞或詞組時,常用部分倒裝。
    這類詞或詞組有:hardly,little,never,not until,no sooner,at no time,by no means,in/ under no circumstances,in vain,no longer,not often等。例如:
    Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.
    Not only is he a talented president of a university,but also he is open-minded.
    否定副詞如果放在句首只是限定主語而非修飾全句,則句子不必倒裝。例如:
    No survivor has yet been found.
    五、有些表示程度的副詞或短語作狀語而又置于句首時,句子用部分倒裝表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。這類詞或詞組有:so...that,to such an extent,to such a degree,to such extremes等。例如:
    So hard does she study that all her teachers like her.
    So late was he for the class that the teacher criticized him.
    六、句首為“only +狀語”時,常用部分倒裝。例如:
    Only by changing your working style can you be accepted by your colleagues.
    Only then did I realize how childish I was in hoping him to change his habit.
    七、在比較和方式狀語從句中,如果主語不是人稱代詞,常可在主語前添加助動詞或系動詞代替前面出現(xiàn)過的動詞,形成一種部分倒裝的形式。例如:
    The standard of living of the people in our country now is much higher than was the case ten years ago.
    I spent more time on practicing my oral English than did most of my classmates when I was at college.
    八、在含虛擬語氣的條件句中,如果if被省略,那么were,had或should要移至主語之前。例如:
    Were there no gravity,there would be no air around the earth.
    Should anyone come to our home to sell things,don't let him /her in.
    另外,在一些感嘆句和某些表示祝愿的句子里,已形成一種固定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝表達(dá)法。例如:
    How wonderful is the fashion show!
    Long live our friendship!
    九、hardly,barely,scarcely和when連用以及no sooner和than連用時,形成固定的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),表示一件事緊接著另一件事發(fā)生,意為“一……就……”。在時態(tài)上,主句一般用過去完成時,而從句用過去時。例如:
    Scarcely had I left home for school,when it began to rain heavily.
    Hardly had I put down the phone,when the phone rang again.
    No sooner had the result of the appointment of some leader positions turned out,than came some rejections.