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新概念英語第二冊逐句精講Lesson46
1. When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.
當一架來自倫敦的飛機抵達悉尼機場時，工人們開始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱。
語言點1 本句中when引導時間狀語從句。from London作plane的后置定語。
語言點2 比較學習：cloth, clothes, clothing, garment, dress, suit
cloth “布，布料”，復數(shù)為cloth / cloths
clothes “衣服”，只有復數(shù)形式
clothing衣服的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞
garment通常指成衣
dress往往指女服
suit常指套裝
2. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy.
其中有只箱子特別重，可誰也弄不清是怎么回事。
語言點1 本句包含一個典型的同位語從句，that one of the boxes was extremely heavy為the fact的同位語，起解釋說明作用。
實戰(zhàn)測試 There's a feeling in me, ____ we'll never know what a UFO is ----not ever. (2002高考上海卷，第35題）
A. that B. whichC. of whichD. what
答案：選A
分析：同位語從句 that we'll never know what a UFO is----not ever作a feeling 的同位語，解釋a feeling的具體內容。
翻譯：我有這樣一種感覺，我們永遠不會知道什么是不明飛行物——永遠不會。
語言點2 no one = not one of = none of …沒有人
請參考《新概念英語》Lesson 28課后多項選擇題第7題的考點：None of them has been turned to stone. = Not one of them has been turned to stone,= No one has been turned to stone.
語言點3 account for = explain 解釋
3. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
突然一個工人想到打開箱子看看。
語言點1 sth. occur to sb. to do sth. 某人想到做某事
語言點2 it為形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to open up the box
4. He was astonished at what he found.
看到的情景使他吃驚。
語言點 what he found作at的賓語，此處的what相當于the thing that.
5. A man was lying in the box on top of pile of woolen goods.
箱子里有一個人正躺在一堆毛織品上面：
語言點 was lying為過去進行時，表示“正躺在”
6. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away.
他由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到非常吃驚，甚至都沒有企圖逃跑。
語言點1 本句包含so...that結構，其中動名詞短語being discovered作介詞at的賓語。注意：being discovered是被動語態(tài)的形式。
語言點2 本句中的主語“He”并非打開箱子的工人，而是被關在箱子里的那個人，本句主語交待得不夠清楚，需根據(jù)上下文判斷。
7. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London.
他被逮捕之后，承認他是在飛機離開倫敦前躲藏進箱子里的，
語言點 本句中after和before引導時間狀語從句。
8. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours.
他經歷了一個既漫長而又難受的旅程，因為他在木箱里悶了18個多小時，
語言點 本句中for引導原因狀語從句。主句使用過去完成時主動語態(tài)，從句中使用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
9. The man was ordered to pay ￡3^500 for the cost of the trip.
此人被責令交付旅費3500英鎊。
語言點 pay + 錢數(shù) + for sth.意為“為……支付多少錢”
pay for...意為“為……付出代價”
例：You will pay for what you have said to me.
你要為你對我說的請付出代價的
10. The normal price of a ticket is ￡2,000 !
而正常票價是2000英鎊！
語言點 the price of sth. 意為“某物的價格”
新概念英語第二冊逐句精講Lesson47
1. A public house which was recently bought by Mr. Ian Thompson is up for sale.
伊恩·湯普森先生近才買的一個小酒店現(xiàn)在又要賣出去。
真題測試測試語言點：定語從句
Language is a city, ____ to the building of every human being brought a stone. (1994年1月CEIH 第51題)
A. Which B. that C. it D. this
答案：選A
分析：根據(jù)句子結構分析，本題缺少的是一個引導定語從句的關系詞，首先排除C、D 兩項；由于題目中定語從句是非限定性的，而且關系詞前有介詞of，故不能用that。
翻譯：語言就像一座城市，對它的建筑每個人都曾添磚加瓦。
2. Mr. Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted.
湯普森先生之所以想賣它，是因為那里常鬧鬼。
真題測試測試語言點：be going to 表示將來
— _____ leave at the end of this month.
—I don't think you should do that until_____ another job. (2006年高考北京卷，第27題)
A: I'm going to; you'd found
B: I'm going to; you'll find
C: I'll; you'll find
D: I'll; you'd find
答案：選B
分析：根據(jù)第一句話給出的時間提示at the end of this month可以得出說話雙方談論的并非是發(fā)生過的事情，由此排除A和D。如果主句動作是將來時態(tài)，until引導的時間狀語從句不用將來時態(tài)，所以排除C。
翻譯：一我打算月底就離開。
一我認為你沒找到另一份工作前不應該那么做。
3. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coining from the bar.
他告訴我有天夜里他怎么也睡不著，因為他聽到酒吧里傳來一陣奇怪的響聲。
真題測試 測試語言點：because引導的原因狀語從句
Parents should take seriously their children's requests for sunglasses eye protection _____ is necessary in sunny weather. (2004年高考上海卷，第39題)
A. because B. though C. unless D. if
答案：選A
分析：根據(jù)兩個分句句意“父母對孩子要太陽鏡的要求應該重視”和“在陽光充足的日子里對眼睛的保護是必要的”，可知它們之間是因果關系，以及選項中四個詞的含義，很容易選出A; because表原因，而though表示轉折，unless和if都表示條件。
翻譯：父母對孩子要太陽鏡的要求應該重視，因為在陽光充足的日子里對眼睛的保護是必要的。
4. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture hadbeen moved.
第二天早上，他發(fā)現(xiàn)房間的門被椅子堵上了，家具也被挪動過。
真題測試 測試語言點：過去完成時和現(xiàn)在完成時
John and I______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _____ each other a couple of times before that. (2002年春季高考，第25題)
A.had been; have seen
B.have been; have seen
C.had been; had seen
D.have been; had seen
答案：選D
分析：第一空為現(xiàn)在完成時，與段時間狀語for eight years搭配；第二空，在晚會上認識之前就見過，正是“過去的過去”發(fā)生的一個動作，應該用過去完成時，所以選D
翻譯：約翰和我已經是八年的朋友了，我們第相識是在一個圣誕節(jié)的晚會上，但是在此之前我們早已彼此見過幾次。
5. Though Mr.Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning.
雖然湯普森臨睡覺時把燈都關掉了，但早晨燈卻都亮著。
真題測試 測試語言點：though 和even so 的區(qū)別
John seems a nice person. ____ I don't trust him. (1997年6月CET-4,第54題)
A. Even thoughB. Even soC. ThereforeD. Though
答案：選B
分析：A 項even though“即使”，是引導讓步狀語從句的引導詞；C項therefore“因此”，表示結果；D項though“雖然”可用作表示轉折關系的副詞，但它通常置于句尾或插入句子中間；B項even so“然而，即使如此”，相當于副詞nevertheless，常用于句首，所以選B。
翻譯：約翰看上去是個好人。即使如此，我還是不信任他。
6. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before.
他還說他發(fā)現(xiàn)了5只空的威士忌酒瓶子，這肯定是鬼魂前一天晚上喝的。
7. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr .Thompson shook his head.
當我暗示說一定是村里有些人來喝不花錢的酒，湯普森先生搖了搖頭。
真題測試 測試語言點：must have done表示對過去已發(fā)生事情的推測
It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you____it. (1998年6月CET4，第44題)
A. didn't have to do
B. wouldn't have done
C. mightn't have done
D. mustn't have done
答案：選A
分析：特別注意本題選項中設置了一個陷講——B選項wouldn't have done，稍不注意就容易落人虛擬語氣的圈套，而本題只是簡單地表達“沒有必要”的意思，所以選A didn't have to do 相當于needn't have done .
翻譯：你把這些東西都給洗了，真是太好了！但是你沒有必要去洗的。
8. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the pub even if he gives it away.
村里的人已經告訴過他，即使他把小酒店白送人，他們也不要。
真題測試 測試語言點：give相關短語
一 Smoking is bad for your health.
一 Yes, I know. But I simply can't _____. (2002年春季高考，第33題)
A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away
答案：選A
分析：A項give up“停止，放棄”；B項give in“讓步，投降”；C項give out“用完；散發(fā) 出”；D項give away“丟棄”；只有A選項符合題意，所以選A。
翻譯：——吸煙有害健康。
——是的，我知道，但是我就是戒不掉。
新概念英語第二冊逐句精講Lesson48
1. Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer.
牙科醫(yī)生們總是在你無法作出回答的時候向你提出問題。
真題測試 測試語言點：狀語從句
I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived___Susan caught up with me. (2001年1月 CET4,第68題)
A. though B. until C. when D. while
答案：選C
分析：本題考查狀語從句的用法。根據(jù)句意，A和B兩項不合適；D選項多用在表示持續(xù)性的動作或狀態(tài)的句子中；C項when,既可以和延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以和瞬間性動詞連用，既可以表示從句和主句動作同時發(fā)生，也可表示主句動作在從句之后或之前發(fā)生所以入選。
翻譯：蘇珊追上我的肘候，我正在回我媽媽住的小屋的途中。
2. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while.
我的牙科醫(yī)生剛剛給我拔掉了一顆牙，叫我休息一會兒。
真題測試 測試語言點：just的位置與過去完成時
We___ our breakfast when an old man came to the door. (1990年1月CET-4，第53題)
A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D. had just had
答案：選D
分析：just一詞的位置一般在助動詞之后，A和C明顯錯誤。B為現(xiàn)在完成時與時間狀語從句的過去時不符合，因此D選項是正確答案。
翻譯：當一個老人進門的時候，我們剛好吃完早飯。
3. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool.
我想說點什么，但我嘴里塞滿了藥棉。
4. He knew I collected match boxes and asked me whether my collection was growing.
他知道我收集火柴盒，于是問我收藏的火柴盒是否在增加。
真題測試 測試語言點：whether引導賓語從句
Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ___ it is rough or smooth. (2005年高考天津卷，第2題)
A.不填 B. whether C. how D. what
答案：選B
分析：whether引導的賓語從句和the shape of an object并列，都作tell的賓語;whether...or...意為“是....還是”。
翻譯：大象有自己的方法來辨別物體的形狀，它還可以辨別物體是粗糙的還是光滑的。
5. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London.
接著他又問我的兄弟近況如何，問我是否喜歡倫敦的新工作。
6. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises.
作為對這些問題的回答,我不是點頭,就是只能發(fā)出很奇怪的聲音。
真題測試 測試語言點：“祈使句 + and / or”的用法
Follow your doctor's advice, ____ your cough will get worse. (2005年高考遼寧卷，第30題)
A. or B. and C. then D. so
答案：選A
分析：本題考查的句型結構是“祈使句 + and/ or”，前面的祈使句表示條件，or或and 引導的分句表示結果。
翻譯：聽從醫(yī)生的建議，否則你的咳嗽將會越來越嚴重的。
7. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been.
與此同時，我的舌頭正在忙著尋找剛拔掉的那顆牙的傷口。
真題測試 測試語言點：where引導的定語從句
We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places,___other visitors seldom go.(2002年高考北京卷，第22題)
A. what B. which C. where D. when
答案：選C
分析：劃線部分是一個典型的定語從句，被修飾的先行詞是places,所以關系副詞要用where，正確答案是C。
翻譯：我們被帶領著參觀了這座城市：學校、博物館和其他一些游人很少去的地方。
8. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything.
我突然間非常著急起來，但卻什么也說不出來。
9. When the dentist at last removed the cotton wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth.
當那位牙醫(yī)后將藥棉從我嘴中取出時，我總算可以告訴他，他拔錯了牙。
真題測試 測試語言點：名詞性從句
一What did your parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do ___ I think I should. (2006 年高考全國卷II,第16題)
A. when B. that C. how D. what
答案：選D
分析：這道題出題主旨就是考查名詞性從句。句詞性從句的解題原則是：缺什么補什么，什么都不缺就用that。本題中動詞do后面缺賓語，所以選D。
翻譯：一你的父母認為你的決定怎么樣？
一他們總是讓我做我認為應該做的事。