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新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson43學(xué)習(xí)筆記
1 Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。
lie v. 躺下, 位于, 在于, 平放, 存在, 延伸, 說(shuō)謊 n. 謊言
tell a lie 撒謊
lie做“撒謊”講時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形。過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是：lie,lied,lied; 做“位于”講時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形。過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是lie,lay,lain
If you feel unwell, go and lie down.
如果你感到不舒服，就去躺下。
He lied about his age to join the army.
他為了參軍謊報(bào)了年齡。
2 At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。
(1)appear, look, seem
這些動(dòng)詞均有“看起來(lái)，好像是”之意。
appear: 指從感觀印象看似乎是如此，但有時(shí)著重指因視野、觀點(diǎn)限制而產(chǎn)生的歪曲印象。
look: 指從樣子看起來(lái)，側(cè)重通過(guò)視覺(jué)而建立的印象。
seem: 多指從主觀印象或個(gè)反應(yīng)得出的看法。
(2)seem + as if
seem + adv.
seem to be
seem that...
it seems that...看起來(lái)似乎...
seem as if 看起來(lái)似乎
He seems rich.
He seems to be rich.
It seems that he is rich.
他看上去很富有。
He seems as if he had never lived in England before.
似乎他從未在英國(guó)居住過(guò)。
3 It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
只有在飛至10,000英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。
could與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)有關(guān),強(qiáng)調(diào)可能性
be able to強(qiáng)調(diào)成功地做
用過(guò)去式表達(dá),表示在過(guò)去發(fā)生
過(guò)去完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)在過(guò)去的過(guò)去
I am able to drive the car.
我會(huì)開(kāi)車。
It could not be true.
這不可能是真的。
4 It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
只有在飛至10,000英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。
(1)arise, rise, raise, lift
這些動(dòng)詞均有“上升，舉起”之意。
arise: 書(shū)面用詞，多用于詩(shī)歌或比喻中，具有特殊的修辭色彩。
rise: 普通用詞，指具體的或抽象的事物由低向高移動(dòng)。
raise: 及物動(dòng)詞，常用詞，多指把某物從低處升到高處，有時(shí)作引申用。
lift: 語(yǔ)氣比raise強(qiáng)，指用體力或機(jī)械的力舉起或抬起某物。
The sun rises in the east.
太陽(yáng)從東方升起。
I was raised by my aunt on a farm.
我是在農(nóng)場(chǎng)由姨媽撫養(yǎng)大的。
(2)rise一般不與介詞up搭配使用，多單獨(dú)使用，rise up中up是是多余的;
rise屬不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞risen可作形容詞，表示“已升起的”。
The moon is risen.
月亮已經(jīng)升起來(lái)了。
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson44學(xué)習(xí)筆記
1 She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run.
只追了一會(huì)兒便上氣不接下氣了，但她還是繼續(xù)追趕。
(1)breath n. 呼吸,動(dòng)詞形式是breathe
與breath搭配的短語(yǔ)有：
out of breath:上氣不接下氣
waste one's breath;白費(fèi)口舌
in one breath:片刻
hold one's breath:屏住呼吸
She was out of breath from climbing the stairs.
爬樓梯使她上氣不接下氣的。
Hold your breath for a few seconds.
屏息幾秒鐘。
Several students made the request in one breath.
好幾個(gè)學(xué)生同時(shí)提出這個(gè)要求。
(2)continue一般后面常接不定式，比較普遍，而很少用現(xiàn)在分詞。不過(guò)在作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，把現(xiàn)在分詞看做動(dòng)名詞也是可以的。continue后面接不定式或者現(xiàn)在分詞，都解釋為“不停地……”而不是“停止后繼續(xù)……”的意思。
The baby continued to cry all night.
這個(gè)嬰兒一晚上都在哭。
注:句子不可改為The baby continued to cry (或 crying) at eleven o'clock。
2 Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.
安.斯特林夫人在穿過(guò)森林追趕兩個(gè)男人時(shí)，她并沒(méi)有考慮到所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
risk做名詞時(shí)，表示“危險(xiǎn), 風(fēng)險(xiǎn), 投資報(bào)酬的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”做動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“冒 ... 的危險(xiǎn), 承受...的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”
常搭配的短語(yǔ)有：at risk處境危險(xiǎn) at the risk of 冒著 ... 的危險(xiǎn) at any risk 冒著一切危險(xiǎn)
The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.
疾病正在流行，所有的幼兒都有危險(xiǎn)。
He saved my life at the risk of his own.
他冒著自己的生命危險(xiǎn)救了我的命。
The investor is not willing to risk the money in any investment.
投資者不愿承受將這筆錢用于投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
3 In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees.
在爭(zhēng)搶中，手提包的帶斷了，包落入這兩個(gè)人手里，他們拔腿跑進(jìn)了樹(shù)林。
(1)struggle vi. 努力, 奮斗, 斗爭(zhēng), 掙扎 n. 斗爭(zhēng), 競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 奮斗
常見(jiàn)搭配短語(yǔ)有：struggle for 為 ... 努力 struggle against 同 ... 作斗爭(zhēng) struggle with 與 ... 斗爭(zhēng) struggle on 掙扎下去
He struggled to control his temper.
他努力控制住自己的脾氣。
His struggle with adversity is fruitless.
他徒與不幸掙扎而毫無(wú)結(jié)果。
As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty.
由于父母已經(jīng)有了五個(gè)孩子，生活就是同貧困作無(wú)止境的搏斗。
(2) in possession of 意思為“控制、擁有”
possession是名詞n. 擁有, 財(cái)產(chǎn), 所有, 殖民地，其它搭配的短語(yǔ)還有：take possession of 占有, 占領(lǐng)
He was found in possession of dangerous drugs.
她被發(fā)現(xiàn)藏有危險(xiǎn)物品。
He took possession of the house.
這個(gè)房子歸他所有。
4 When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them.
當(dāng)她趕上他們時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)坐了下來(lái)，正翻著包里的東西。
content adj. 滿足的, 滿意的 vt. 使 ... 滿足, 使 ... 安心
(1)content指“容量”，contents指“內(nèi)容”。表示一篇文章或一本書(shū)的“內(nèi)容”應(yīng)用content。
The essay is excellent both in form and in content.
這篇論文在格式和內(nèi)容上都很優(yōu)秀。
Teaching content should be concise.
教學(xué)內(nèi)容要少而精。
(2)be content with 對(duì)……表示滿意
I'm quite content with the offer you have made.
我對(duì)你剛提出的建議很滿意。
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson45學(xué)習(xí)筆記
1 learn 動(dòng)詞
① 學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì) +to do/ n.
She is learning dancing.
她在學(xué)習(xí)跳舞。
② 認(rèn)識(shí)到 +that 從句
He has learnt that he was fired.
他認(rèn)識(shí)到自己被開(kāi)除了。
③ 得知，獲悉，了解 + that 從句
From what he said we learned that Lily was studying business in Australia.
從他的話中我們了解到莉莉正在澳大利亞念商科。
2 The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.
整個(gè)村子很快知道，有一大筆錢丟失了。
a large sum of money=a large quantity of money
lose表示丟失，lost既可以做它的過(guò)去式，也可以做它的過(guò)去分詞。這個(gè)句子中that后面引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即“丟失”這一動(dòng)作是在“知道”之前的。
3 savings [名詞] 儲(chǔ)蓄，存款(不可數(shù))
savings bank 儲(chǔ)蓄銀行 savings account 儲(chǔ)蓄存款賬戶 individual savings 個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄
saving [名詞] 節(jié)約，挽救 [介詞] 除……之外
Saving is getting.
節(jié)約等于增加收入。
4 Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers.
薩姆確信那錢包一定是被某個(gè)村民撿到了。
be sure +that從句 認(rèn)為……一定是 這里主語(yǔ)必須是人，且that可省略，be sure 后面也可接whether、where、who、when等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。如：
I'm not sure whether I will have a trip this weekend.
我不確定這周末是否會(huì)出門旅行。
be sure to 一定，肯定 后接不定式表示局外人的推測(cè)、評(píng)論，主語(yǔ)既可以是人，也可以是物。
It's sure to rain this afternoon.
今天下午肯定會(huì)下雨。
Don't worrry! He is sure to come.
別擔(dān)心，他肯定會(huì)來(lái)的。
5 短語(yǔ) in time 及時(shí)，適時(shí);最后，終于
wrap up 包起來(lái)，包裝;掩飾，偽裝;穿暖和