2018年高考必考--定語從句拔高必備

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十年寒窗,開出芬芳;十年磨劍,努力未變;十年堅(jiān)守,成功守候。十年的風(fēng)雨兼程奮力追逐,讓夢想現(xiàn)實(shí)的時(shí)刻。祝努力備考,金榜題名,考入理想院校。以下是為大家整理的 《2018年高考必考--定語從句拔高必備》供您查閱。
    1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語時(shí)不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
    Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
    瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)
    The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
    我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)
    2.which用于指物,在句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
    The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
    位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)
    The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
    我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)
    3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主語,whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom。who和whom作賓語時(shí)也可省略。例如:
    The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
    經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。(作主語)
    Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
    正在與李明談話的老師是誰?(作賓語)
    注意:
    (1)當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who,whom,that, which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
    This is the house in which we lived last year.
    這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?BR>    Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。
    (2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上。例如:
    This is the person whom you are looking for.
    這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。
    (3)that 作介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:
    The city that she lives in is very far away.
    她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。
    (4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:
    a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞*高級所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞*高級時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
    He was the first person that passed the exam.
    他是第 一個(gè)通過考試的人。
    b. 被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞指物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
    Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
    你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?
    c. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
    This is the same bike that I lost.