十年寒窗,開出芬芳;十年磨劍,努力未變;十年堅(jiān)守,成功守候。十年的風(fēng)雨兼程奮力追逐,讓夢想現(xiàn)實(shí)的時(shí)刻。祝努力備考,金榜題名,考入理想院校。以下是為大家整理的 《2018年高考必考--定語從句拔高必備》供您查閱。
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語時(shí)不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主語,whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom。who和whom作賓語時(shí)也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。(作主語)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在與李明談話的老師是誰?(作賓語)
注意:
(1)當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who,whom,that, which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?BR> Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。
(2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。
(3)that 作介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。
(4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:
a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞*高級所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞*高級時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第 一個(gè)通過考試的人。
b. 被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞指物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?
c. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語時(shí)不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主語,whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom。who和whom作賓語時(shí)也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。(作主語)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在與李明談話的老師是誰?(作賓語)
注意:
(1)當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who,whom,that, which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?BR> Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。
(2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。
(3)that 作介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。
(4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:
a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞*高級所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞*高級時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第 一個(gè)通過考試的人。
b. 被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞指物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?
c. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.