一、理論常識(shí)
狀語(yǔ)從句，屬于副詞性從句，簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)就是從句在句子中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)，分為時(shí)間、目的、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式、讓步、比較、結(jié)果、原因9種狀語(yǔ)從句。
時(shí)間引導(dǎo)詞：when , after , before , while , until , till , since , as soon as , everytime , the moment等
地點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)詞：where , wherever等
原因引導(dǎo)詞：because , since=now that , as等
條件引導(dǎo)詞：if , whether , unless , as long as ,on condition that , providing that等
結(jié)果引導(dǎo)詞：so / such ... that , so等
目的引導(dǎo)詞：in order that , so that等
讓步引導(dǎo)詞：though , although , however , whatever=no matter what even if , even though , as (倒裝) 等
方式引導(dǎo)詞：as , as if等
比較引導(dǎo)詞:than , as ... as , the more ... , the more ... 等
二、真題舉例
例句1：While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role , informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development .
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】transmit，vt. 傳輸、傳播 vi. 傳輸、發(fā)射信號(hào);(in)formal，adj. (非)正式的
【參考翻譯】盡管正式的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程是由挑選出來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)此角色的教師來(lái)進(jìn)行的，非正式的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程卻是作為孩子成長(zhǎng)的自然一部分而完成的。
例句2：While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others , and thus lead to conflict , it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable , although competition is .
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】territory，n. 領(lǐng)土、版圖;expense，n. 代價(jià)、損失 vt. 向……收取費(fèi)用;inevitable，adj. 不可避免的
【參考翻譯】雖然這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)引發(fā)以他人利益為代價(jià)的領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張行動(dòng)，因此也會(huì)引發(fā)沖突，但卻不能認(rèn)為類似于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的國(guó)家間的沖突不可避免，盡管競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是不可避免的。
例句3： While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most developed sectors of the international community over the less developed , this need not always be the case .
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】favor，vt. 喜歡、贊成 n. 喜愛(ài)
【參考翻譯】盡管迄今為止互聯(lián)網(wǎng)似乎更加青睞國(guó)際社會(huì)中的發(fā)達(dá)領(lǐng)域，而非不太發(fā)達(dá)的領(lǐng)域，情形并不總是如此。