開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)常用表達(dá):
寒暄或關(guān)于“接到你的某月某日的信”
Excuse me of not writing you for such a long time.
Your letter dated the 10th inst. (instant 本月) is at hand.
I feel complimented by the kindness of your letter which arrived this morning.
Words can’t express my delight of receiving your letter dated Aug. 27.
點(diǎn)明目的,表示通知、消息。
I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
I have the pleasure to tell you that our friend, Jim, will get married in the New Year’s Day.
I am very much delighted to inform that you will get a promotion soon.
結(jié)尾語(yǔ)常用表達(dá):
We send you our best wishes.
With best regards.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Please give my best regards to your family / parents
All theü luck in the world to you.
結(jié)尾謙辭(Complementary Close)
結(jié)尾謙辭指寫(xiě)信人對(duì)收信人的謙辭稱,寫(xiě)在正文下第二、三行處,從信紙中間稍向右處或齊頭左頂格寫(xiě)起,第一字母大寫(xiě),末尾加逗號(hào)。結(jié)尾謙辭根據(jù)通信人之間關(guān)系的親疏恰當(dāng)選擇。常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種:
通常使用:
Sincerely,(Your Sincerely; Sincerely yours; Most sincerely)
Truly,(Yours truly; very truly yours)
給上級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或公務(wù)信件用:
Respectively yours,
Faithfully yours,
一般同事或熟人之間用:
Yours ever,
Your friend,
Cordially yours,
寫(xiě)出親屬或關(guān)系非常親密的是:
With love,
Love,
All my love,
Forever yours
Yours affectionately,
Your loving son / daughter
書(shū)信作文的語(yǔ)體問(wèn)題
就書(shū)信作文而言,作文內(nèi)容固然重要,但語(yǔ)體更是問(wèn)題。英文書(shū)信大致可分為事務(wù)書(shū)信(Business Letters)和個(gè)人書(shū)信(Personal Letters)兩種。前者是單位與單位或個(gè)人與單位之間來(lái)往的信件,語(yǔ)體比較正規(guī)(formal);后者則是個(gè)人與個(gè)人之間的飛鴻,表達(dá)較為隨便(Personal)。但有時(shí),同一封信可以采用正式與非正式兩種語(yǔ)體表達(dá),這就要求考生具有明辨和變換語(yǔ)體的能力。會(huì)變換語(yǔ)體,就要掌握大量詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)、套語(yǔ),尤其是同義詞的不同感情色彩以及委婉語(yǔ)氣和祈使句的應(yīng)用。一般說(shuō)來(lái),正式文多采用包含would, should, might 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)句,而個(gè)人書(shū)信除對(duì)師長(zhǎng)的客套外,大都可融進(jìn)少量口語(yǔ)體的句子(如祈使句、感嘆句等)。值得一提的是廣義虛擬語(yǔ)氣在書(shū)信中的應(yīng)用(凡要表達(dá)客氣委婉的語(yǔ)氣或留有余地的主觀愿望而使用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣屬?gòu)V義用法)。廣義虛擬語(yǔ)氣涉及到若干固定句式,比如:
陳述看法
I believed/thought/guessed/supposed/…that+表述內(nèi)容(用過(guò)去時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在時(shí)是客氣委婉的表示。)
提出勸告、建議
It would/could be fine to do …
You might as well do …
You should do…
提出請(qǐng)求、詢問(wèn)意向
I would (very much) like to…
Could you…
Would you …
表明意向l
I was wondering if …
I wondered if …
以上句式在正式或比較正式的書(shū)信中是常見(jiàn)的,應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)使用。
寒暄或關(guān)于“接到你的某月某日的信”
Excuse me of not writing you for such a long time.
Your letter dated the 10th inst. (instant 本月) is at hand.
I feel complimented by the kindness of your letter which arrived this morning.
Words can’t express my delight of receiving your letter dated Aug. 27.
點(diǎn)明目的,表示通知、消息。
I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
I have the pleasure to tell you that our friend, Jim, will get married in the New Year’s Day.
I am very much delighted to inform that you will get a promotion soon.
結(jié)尾語(yǔ)常用表達(dá):
We send you our best wishes.
With best regards.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Please give my best regards to your family / parents
All theü luck in the world to you.
結(jié)尾謙辭(Complementary Close)
結(jié)尾謙辭指寫(xiě)信人對(duì)收信人的謙辭稱,寫(xiě)在正文下第二、三行處,從信紙中間稍向右處或齊頭左頂格寫(xiě)起,第一字母大寫(xiě),末尾加逗號(hào)。結(jié)尾謙辭根據(jù)通信人之間關(guān)系的親疏恰當(dāng)選擇。常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種:
通常使用:
Sincerely,(Your Sincerely; Sincerely yours; Most sincerely)
Truly,(Yours truly; very truly yours)
給上級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或公務(wù)信件用:
Respectively yours,
Faithfully yours,
一般同事或熟人之間用:
Yours ever,
Your friend,
Cordially yours,
寫(xiě)出親屬或關(guān)系非常親密的是:
With love,
Love,
All my love,
Forever yours
Yours affectionately,
Your loving son / daughter
書(shū)信作文的語(yǔ)體問(wèn)題
就書(shū)信作文而言,作文內(nèi)容固然重要,但語(yǔ)體更是問(wèn)題。英文書(shū)信大致可分為事務(wù)書(shū)信(Business Letters)和個(gè)人書(shū)信(Personal Letters)兩種。前者是單位與單位或個(gè)人與單位之間來(lái)往的信件,語(yǔ)體比較正規(guī)(formal);后者則是個(gè)人與個(gè)人之間的飛鴻,表達(dá)較為隨便(Personal)。但有時(shí),同一封信可以采用正式與非正式兩種語(yǔ)體表達(dá),這就要求考生具有明辨和變換語(yǔ)體的能力。會(huì)變換語(yǔ)體,就要掌握大量詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)、套語(yǔ),尤其是同義詞的不同感情色彩以及委婉語(yǔ)氣和祈使句的應(yīng)用。一般說(shuō)來(lái),正式文多采用包含would, should, might 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)句,而個(gè)人書(shū)信除對(duì)師長(zhǎng)的客套外,大都可融進(jìn)少量口語(yǔ)體的句子(如祈使句、感嘆句等)。值得一提的是廣義虛擬語(yǔ)氣在書(shū)信中的應(yīng)用(凡要表達(dá)客氣委婉的語(yǔ)氣或留有余地的主觀愿望而使用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣屬?gòu)V義用法)。廣義虛擬語(yǔ)氣涉及到若干固定句式,比如:
陳述看法
I believed/thought/guessed/supposed/…that+表述內(nèi)容(用過(guò)去時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在時(shí)是客氣委婉的表示。)
提出勸告、建議
It would/could be fine to do …
You might as well do …
You should do…
提出請(qǐng)求、詢問(wèn)意向
I would (very much) like to…
Could you…
Would you …
表明意向l
I was wondering if …
I wondered if …
以上句式在正式或比較正式的書(shū)信中是常見(jiàn)的,應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)使用。