Tenses and voices
A. 現(xiàn)在完成時: 1)表示過去某時發(fā)生的行為對主語目前產(chǎn)生的影響。即用過去發(fā)生的某個行為來說明現(xiàn)在的某種情況。往往含有“已經(jīng)……”, “已經(jīng)……了”的意思。
Eg.Don’t think any more about it. I have decided not to help you.
I have experienced that before, so I know how to deal with it.
2) 到目前為止已發(fā)生的。與so far, up till now, in the past/ last …….days/ years, today, this month/ year 等 “包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語”連用。
My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films so far.
Great changes have taken place in this area in the recent years.
3)表示過去開始的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。與for…/ since 連用。
He has worked in the south for ten years/ since ten years ago.
Compare(1):完成進行時表示過去開始的動作一直在進行，直至現(xiàn)在。
He has been working on this project since last month.
(2) 過去時態(tài):指發(fā)生在過去某段時間內(nèi)的事。
He once worked in the south for ten years (現(xiàn)在不在南方)
(3) 過去完成時態(tài):指發(fā)生在過去某個時間以前的動作或狀態(tài)。常與by/ by the end of..(到了……的時候”連用。例如：
1)By the time we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets.
2)How many words had you leaned by the end of last year?
Practice:
1.It is reported that the president once______ in the Viet Nam’s war for three years from 1966-1970. A. served B. had served C. has served D. was serving
2. ---No one answered when I called at 6 yesterday.
---I ________ to rock music and was absorbed in it.
A listened B was listening C. has listened D. had listened
3.I wasn’t paying attention to what he was talking about, so I am afraid I ___ his speech very well.
A. had not understood B. has not understood C. did not understand D. don’t understand
4. I _____ good at table tennis, but I haven’t played it for ages.
A. am B. was C. has been D. used to be
5. I _________ where she gets her money all these days.
A. am often wondering B. often wondered C. had often wondered D.have often wondered
6. ---Tell me what _______ while I was absent.
---A thief tried to break into the house when I _______ in your house.
A. happened/ stayed B. was happening/ was staying
C. happened/ was staying D. was happening/ stayed
7. ---You are always watching TV.
---Only on Sundays. And nobody ______ it but you.
A. knows B. has known C. knew D. is knowing
8. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain.
A.started ;had already hidden B.had started ;had already hidden
C.had started ;was hiding D.was starting; hid
9. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
10. It ______ for weeks before the first cold wave struck the area.
A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. had been raining
Keys:1)a 2)b. 3)c 4)a 5) 過去到現(xiàn)在d 6) c 7)a(經(jīng)常性) 8)a 9) b 與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系 10)d
A. 現(xiàn)在完成時: 1)表示過去某時發(fā)生的行為對主語目前產(chǎn)生的影響。即用過去發(fā)生的某個行為來說明現(xiàn)在的某種情況。往往含有“已經(jīng)……”, “已經(jīng)……了”的意思。
Eg.Don’t think any more about it. I have decided not to help you.
I have experienced that before, so I know how to deal with it.
2) 到目前為止已發(fā)生的。與so far, up till now, in the past/ last …….days/ years, today, this month/ year 等 “包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語”連用。
My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films so far.
Great changes have taken place in this area in the recent years.
3)表示過去開始的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。與for…/ since 連用。
He has worked in the south for ten years/ since ten years ago.
Compare(1):完成進行時表示過去開始的動作一直在進行，直至現(xiàn)在。
He has been working on this project since last month.
(2) 過去時態(tài):指發(fā)生在過去某段時間內(nèi)的事。
He once worked in the south for ten years (現(xiàn)在不在南方)
(3) 過去完成時態(tài):指發(fā)生在過去某個時間以前的動作或狀態(tài)。常與by/ by the end of..(到了……的時候”連用。例如：
1)By the time we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets.
2)How many words had you leaned by the end of last year?
Practice:
1.It is reported that the president once______ in the Viet Nam’s war for three years from 1966-1970. A. served B. had served C. has served D. was serving
2. ---No one answered when I called at 6 yesterday.
---I ________ to rock music and was absorbed in it.
A listened B was listening C. has listened D. had listened
3.I wasn’t paying attention to what he was talking about, so I am afraid I ___ his speech very well.
A. had not understood B. has not understood C. did not understand D. don’t understand
4. I _____ good at table tennis, but I haven’t played it for ages.
A. am B. was C. has been D. used to be
5. I _________ where she gets her money all these days.
A. am often wondering B. often wondered C. had often wondered D.have often wondered
6. ---Tell me what _______ while I was absent.
---A thief tried to break into the house when I _______ in your house.
A. happened/ stayed B. was happening/ was staying
C. happened/ was staying D. was happening/ stayed
7. ---You are always watching TV.
---Only on Sundays. And nobody ______ it but you.
A. knows B. has known C. knew D. is knowing
8. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain.
A.started ;had already hidden B.had started ;had already hidden
C.had started ;was hiding D.was starting; hid
9. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
10. It ______ for weeks before the first cold wave struck the area.
A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. had been raining
Keys:1)a 2)b. 3)c 4)a 5) 過去到現(xiàn)在d 6) c 7)a(經(jīng)常性) 8)a 9) b 與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系 10)d