Lesson54 Instinct or Cleverness? 本能還是機(jī)智
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids. The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time. I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.We have been brought up to fear insects.
我們自幼就在對(duì)昆蟲的懼怕中長(zhǎng)大。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:to fear insects作主語補(bǔ)足語。
2.We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good.
我們把昆蟲當(dāng)作害多益少的無用東西。
語言點(diǎn):more than結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
人類不斷同昆蟲斗爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)槔ハx弄臟我們的食物，傳播疾病，吞噬莊稼。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
語言點(diǎn)2:wage war on的意思是“同…作斗爭(zhēng)?！?BR> 4.They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
它們無緣無故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它們未經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)便飛到我們房間里，或者對(duì)著露出亮光的窗戶亂撲亂撞。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意本句中的分號(hào)，其作用是分隔兩個(gè)等立的分句。
5.We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths.
我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪?，不但憎惡如蜘蛛、黃蜂之類令人討厭的昆蟲，而且憎惡并無大害的飛蛾等。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only…but(also)…連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語。
6.Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears.
閱讀有關(guān)昆蟲的書能增加我們對(duì)它們的了解，卻不能消除我們的恐懼的心理。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意本句中的三個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞:reading about them是動(dòng)名詞短語作整句的主語，our understanding為賓語，withou dispelling our fears 作狀語。
7.Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch.
即使知道勤奮的螞蟻生活具有高度組織性的社會(huì)里，當(dāng)看到大群螞蟻在我們精心準(zhǔn)備的午間野餐上爬行時(shí)，我們也無法抑制對(duì)它們的反感。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized societys是句子的主語。
語言點(diǎn)2:do nothing to prevent的意思是“無法阻止?！?BR> 8.No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung.
不管我們多么愛吃蜂蜜，或讀過多少關(guān)于蜜蜂具有神秘的識(shí)別方向的靈感的書，我們?nèi)匀皇趾ε卤环潋亍?BR> 語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:兩個(gè)how much構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)2:No matter how在這里再次出現(xiàn)，意思是“不管怎樣?！?BR> 9.Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase.
我們的恐懼大部分是沒有道理的，但無法消除。
語言點(diǎn):be impossible to的意思是“不可能（做某事）。”
10.At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating.
同時(shí)，不知為什么昆蟲又是迷人的。
11.We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives.
我們喜歡看有關(guān)昆蟲的書，尤其是當(dāng)我們了解螳螂等過著一種令人生畏的生活時(shí)，就更加愛讀有關(guān)昆蟲的書了。
語言點(diǎn):lead a…life的意思是“過…的生活”。
12.We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
我們喜歡入迷地看它們做事，它們不知道（但愿如此）我們就在它們身邊。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:“entranced as_時(shí)間狀語從句”補(bǔ)充說明“看”的狀態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)2:go about的意思是“著手做。”
13.Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
當(dāng)看到蜘蛛撲向一只蒼蠅時(shí)，一隊(duì)螞蟻抬著一只巨大的死甲蟲凱旋歸時(shí)，誰能不感到敬畏呢？
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:pounce on的意思是“撲向”，在這里為擬人修辭格。
14.Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree.
去年夏天，我花了好幾天時(shí)間站在花園里觀察成千只螞蟻爬上我那棵心愛的桃樹的樹干。
語言點(diǎn):watching thousands of ants...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作補(bǔ)充狀語，說明在花園里做什么事。
15.The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house.
那棵樹是靠著房子有遮擋的一面暖墻生長(zhǎng)的。
語言點(diǎn):a sheltered side的意思是“背陰面?！?BR> 16.I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches.
我為這棵樹感到特別自豪，不僅因?yàn)樗冗^了幾個(gè)寒冬終于活了下來，而且還因?yàn)樗袝r(shí)結(jié)出些甘甜的桃子來。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:兩個(gè)because的作用都是引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
17.During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither.
到了夏天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)樹葉開始枯萎。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
18.Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves.
結(jié)果在樹葉背面找到成串的叫作蚜蟲小蟲子。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:called aphides作后置定語。be to do sth.表示事情必然要發(fā)生。
19.They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them.
蚜蟲遭到一窩螞蟻的攻擊，螞蟻從它們身上可以獲得一種蜜。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:were visited by在本句中是含蓄陳述修辭格，直譯過來就是“蚜蟲收到螞蟻的拜訪”，但是這樣講肯定會(huì)讓人覺得好笑，因此采取意譯。
20.I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours.
我當(dāng)即動(dòng)手作了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)盡管沒有使我擺脫這些螞蟻，卻使我著迷了24小時(shí)。
語言點(diǎn):embark on an experiment的意思是“著手做一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?！?BR> 21.I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids.
我用一條膠帶把桃樹底部包上，不讓螞蟻接近蚜蟲。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語making it impossible...作結(jié)果狀語。
22.The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it.
膠帶極粘，螞蟻不敢從上面爬過。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語making it impossible...作結(jié)果狀語。
23.For a long time.I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment.
在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，我看見螞蟻圍著大樹底部來回轉(zhuǎn)悠，不知所措。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語scurrying around the base of the tree作賓語補(bǔ)足語，說明這些螞蟻在干什么。
24.I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it.
半夜，我還拿著電筒來到花園里，滿意地（同時(shí)驚奇地）發(fā)現(xiàn)那些螞蟻還圍著膠帶團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。無能為力。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，進(jìn)一步解釋說明noted的內(nèi)容。
25.I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair.
第二天早上，我起床后希望看見螞蟻已因無望而放棄了嘗試。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair充當(dāng)補(bǔ)充狀語，說明早早起床做什么，其中又含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
26.Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route.
結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們又找到一條新的路徑。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
27.They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree.
它們正在順著房子的外墻往上爬，然后爬上樹葉。
28.I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity.
我懊喪地感到敗在了足智多謀的螞蟻的手下。
29.The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
螞蟻已很快找到了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策，來對(duì)付我那套完全不科學(xué)的辦法！
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動(dòng)詞不定式短語to find an answer作had been quick的補(bǔ)充狀語。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids. The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time. I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.We have been brought up to fear insects.
我們自幼就在對(duì)昆蟲的懼怕中長(zhǎng)大。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:to fear insects作主語補(bǔ)足語。
2.We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good.
我們把昆蟲當(dāng)作害多益少的無用東西。
語言點(diǎn):more than結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
人類不斷同昆蟲斗爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)槔ハx弄臟我們的食物，傳播疾病，吞噬莊稼。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
語言點(diǎn)2:wage war on的意思是“同…作斗爭(zhēng)?！?BR> 4.They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
它們無緣無故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它們未經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)便飛到我們房間里，或者對(duì)著露出亮光的窗戶亂撲亂撞。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意本句中的分號(hào)，其作用是分隔兩個(gè)等立的分句。
5.We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths.
我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪?，不但憎惡如蜘蛛、黃蜂之類令人討厭的昆蟲，而且憎惡并無大害的飛蛾等。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only…but(also)…連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語。
6.Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears.
閱讀有關(guān)昆蟲的書能增加我們對(duì)它們的了解，卻不能消除我們的恐懼的心理。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:注意本句中的三個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞:reading about them是動(dòng)名詞短語作整句的主語，our understanding為賓語，withou dispelling our fears 作狀語。
7.Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch.
即使知道勤奮的螞蟻生活具有高度組織性的社會(huì)里，當(dāng)看到大群螞蟻在我們精心準(zhǔn)備的午間野餐上爬行時(shí)，我們也無法抑制對(duì)它們的反感。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized societys是句子的主語。
語言點(diǎn)2:do nothing to prevent的意思是“無法阻止?！?BR> 8.No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung.
不管我們多么愛吃蜂蜜，或讀過多少關(guān)于蜜蜂具有神秘的識(shí)別方向的靈感的書，我們?nèi)匀皇趾ε卤环潋亍?BR> 語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:兩個(gè)how much構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)2:No matter how在這里再次出現(xiàn)，意思是“不管怎樣?！?BR> 9.Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase.
我們的恐懼大部分是沒有道理的，但無法消除。
語言點(diǎn):be impossible to的意思是“不可能（做某事）。”
10.At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating.
同時(shí)，不知為什么昆蟲又是迷人的。
11.We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives.
我們喜歡看有關(guān)昆蟲的書，尤其是當(dāng)我們了解螳螂等過著一種令人生畏的生活時(shí)，就更加愛讀有關(guān)昆蟲的書了。
語言點(diǎn):lead a…life的意思是“過…的生活”。
12.We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
我們喜歡入迷地看它們做事，它們不知道（但愿如此）我們就在它們身邊。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:“entranced as_時(shí)間狀語從句”補(bǔ)充說明“看”的狀態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)2:go about的意思是“著手做。”
13.Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
當(dāng)看到蜘蛛撲向一只蒼蠅時(shí)，一隊(duì)螞蟻抬著一只巨大的死甲蟲凱旋歸時(shí)，誰能不感到敬畏呢？
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:pounce on的意思是“撲向”，在這里為擬人修辭格。
14.Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree.
去年夏天，我花了好幾天時(shí)間站在花園里觀察成千只螞蟻爬上我那棵心愛的桃樹的樹干。
語言點(diǎn):watching thousands of ants...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作補(bǔ)充狀語，說明在花園里做什么事。
15.The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house.
那棵樹是靠著房子有遮擋的一面暖墻生長(zhǎng)的。
語言點(diǎn):a sheltered side的意思是“背陰面?！?BR> 16.I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches.
我為這棵樹感到特別自豪，不僅因?yàn)樗冗^了幾個(gè)寒冬終于活了下來，而且還因?yàn)樗袝r(shí)結(jié)出些甘甜的桃子來。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:兩個(gè)because的作用都是引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
17.During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither.
到了夏天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)樹葉開始枯萎。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
18.Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves.
結(jié)果在樹葉背面找到成串的叫作蚜蟲小蟲子。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:called aphides作后置定語。be to do sth.表示事情必然要發(fā)生。
19.They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them.
蚜蟲遭到一窩螞蟻的攻擊，螞蟻從它們身上可以獲得一種蜜。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:were visited by在本句中是含蓄陳述修辭格，直譯過來就是“蚜蟲收到螞蟻的拜訪”，但是這樣講肯定會(huì)讓人覺得好笑，因此采取意譯。
20.I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours.
我當(dāng)即動(dòng)手作了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)盡管沒有使我擺脫這些螞蟻，卻使我著迷了24小時(shí)。
語言點(diǎn):embark on an experiment的意思是“著手做一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?！?BR> 21.I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids.
我用一條膠帶把桃樹底部包上，不讓螞蟻接近蚜蟲。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語making it impossible...作結(jié)果狀語。
22.The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it.
膠帶極粘，螞蟻不敢從上面爬過。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語making it impossible...作結(jié)果狀語。
23.For a long time.I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment.
在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，我看見螞蟻圍著大樹底部來回轉(zhuǎn)悠，不知所措。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:現(xiàn)在分詞短語scurrying around the base of the tree作賓語補(bǔ)足語，說明這些螞蟻在干什么。
24.I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it.
半夜，我還拿著電筒來到花園里，滿意地（同時(shí)驚奇地）發(fā)現(xiàn)那些螞蟻還圍著膠帶團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。無能為力。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，進(jìn)一步解釋說明noted的內(nèi)容。
25.I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair.
第二天早上，我起床后希望看見螞蟻已因無望而放棄了嘗試。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair充當(dāng)補(bǔ)充狀語，說明早早起床做什么，其中又含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
26.Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route.
結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們又找到一條新的路徑。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
27.They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree.
它們正在順著房子的外墻往上爬，然后爬上樹葉。
28.I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity.
我懊喪地感到敗在了足智多謀的螞蟻的手下。
29.The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
螞蟻已很快找到了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策，來對(duì)付我那套完全不科學(xué)的辦法！
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:動(dòng)詞不定式短語to find an answer作had been quick的補(bǔ)充狀語。