2018考研英語詞匯之“舊瓶裝新酒”(一)

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大學英語四六級考查詞匯的常見含義,而考研英語對詞匯的考查經常涉及熟詞僻義。也就是活,與大學英語四六級相比,考研英語更加側重詞匯的深度。這也是考研英語詞匯學習的難點之一。接下來,以真題為例,給各位同學介紹一下考研英語對常見詞匯生僻含義的考查。所謂熟詞僻義,從某種程度上來說,可以理解為“舊瓶裝新酒”,即同樣的詞匯承載不同的含義。
    But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006-Translation)
    code表示“代碼;編碼”,其反義詞decode“解碼”。而在這個翻譯句子里,code與moral搭配,表示“行為準則”,moral code就是“道德準則”。
    If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. (2005-Text2)
    fashion這個詞最常見的含義是“時尚”,其實它還可以充當動詞,表示“使用;改變”。而在這里fashion表示“制定”。另外在這句話里,我們看到Administration這個詞首字母大寫,通常表示“美國政府”。
    This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. (1991-Translation)
    在這個翻譯句子里,fashion不表示“時尚”,也不表示“使用;改變;制定”。結合語境,fashion意為“方式”。也就是說,大家如果遇到不認識的單詞或知道的含義搭配起來不合適,可以結合具體語境,推理判斷。
    我們再看兩個真題例句。
    However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. (1996-Translation)
    deal with常見含義“處理”,aspect“方面”。而在這個翻譯句子里,結合語境,deal with表示“解決”,而aspect意為“問題”。
    While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. (2009-Translation)
    在這個翻譯句子里,deal with“處理;解決”和adults搭配起來都不合適。其實,在這里它表示“打交道”。
    希望以上關于真題考查過的熟詞僻義的介紹對各位同學的考研英語復習有所幫助。古語云:合抱之木,生于毫末;九層之臺,起于累土;千里之行,始于足下。詞匯是英語學習的基礎,當然也是考研英語復習的基礎。大家可以結合真題,踏踏實實,打好基礎,循序漸進,從而水到渠成,攻克考研英語難關。