Lesson31 Success story
課文內(nèi)容：
Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used towork in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!
語法歸納：形式主語
一句話總結(jié)：在英語表達(dá)中，為了避免頭重腳輕、保持句子的整體平衡。我們常用形式主語it來代替真正的主語。例：
1) To recite the important passage is necessary for English learns.
背誦重要的篇章對(duì)于英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說是必要的。
to recite the important passage,似乎在句子中所占比重太大，使句子頭重腳輕，因此改為：
It is necessary for English learners to recite the important passage.
2) To talk with you is very funny.和你談讀很有意思
to talk with you是主語,但在句子中所占比重太大，使句子頭重腳輕，因此改為：
It is very funny to talk with you.
3) It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. (Lesson 54)
說服她過一會(huì)兒再給我打過來花了我十分鐘。
逐句精講：
1. Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.
昨天下午，弗蘭克•霍金斯向我講述了他年輕時(shí)的經(jīng)歷。
語言點(diǎn) tell sb. about / of one’s experiences / story 向……講述某人的經(jīng)歷：
Tom told me of his unforgettable experiences in U.S.A.
湯姆向我講述了他在美國(guó)的一些讓人難忘的經(jīng)歷。
2. Before he retired，F(xiàn)rank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
在退休前，弗蘭克是一個(gè)非常大的商業(yè)公司的經(jīng)理。但在他小時(shí)候，他曾在一個(gè)小鋪里做工。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句中before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，but連接并列句。
語言點(diǎn)2 關(guān)于“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)袖”的詞匯：
head / leader 領(lǐng)袖
headmaster 中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)
principal首長(zhǎng)；中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)
director主任，主管，董事；導(dǎo)演
superior 上級(jí)，上司
CEO: Chief Executive Officer 首席執(zhí)行官
CFO: Chief Financial Officer 首席財(cái)務(wù)官
COO: Chief Operating Officer 首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官
CIO: Chief Information Officer 首席信息官
CTO: Chief Technology Officer 首席技術(shù)官
語言點(diǎn)3 used to do sth.過去常常做某事(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了）：
I used to go to school by bicycle.過去我經(jīng)常騎自行車上學(xué)。
She used to eat a lot as a young girl.她小時(shí)候經(jīng)常吃很多。
3. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
他那時(shí)的工作是修自行車，并且常常每天工作14個(gè)小時(shí)。
語言點(diǎn)1 it作形式主語，而動(dòng)詞不定式to repair bicycles才是真正的主語。
語言點(diǎn)2 repair bicycle = mend bicycle = fix bicycle = service bicycle 修理自修車。
4. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在劃船。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句為and連接的并列句，兩個(gè)分句前后呼應(yīng)。例：
A couple of students are reading books in the classroom and there are several workers digging road on the street.
三兩個(gè)學(xué)生正在教室里讀書，外面有幾個(gè)工人在街上枕路。
語言點(diǎn)2 some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。有兩種特例情況some可用在疑問句中代替any：
1) 表達(dá)希望知道時(shí)：
Could you give me some water ? 你能給我點(diǎn)水喝嗎？
2) 表達(dá)熱情邀請(qǐng)時(shí)：
Would you like some apples ? 你想不想吃點(diǎn)蘋果？
5. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a bail very hard and it went towards a passing boat.
突然，一個(gè)小孩猛踢了一腳球，球便向著一只劃過來的小船飛去。
語言點(diǎn)1 suddenly = abruptly突然地，唐突地(多用于書面語中）
語言點(diǎn)2 one of the children作主語，這是“ one of+范圍”表示“其中之一”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)3 passing在此為現(xiàn)在分詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞作前置定語。
6. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.
河岸上的一些人對(duì)著小船上的人高喊，但他沒有聽到。
語言點(diǎn)1 on the bank修飾people, in the boat修飾man,類似的介詞短語作后置定語均起限定修飾 作用
語言點(diǎn)2 call out to朝……大聲叫喊
7、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
幾年過后，小鋪?zhàn)幼兂闪艘粋€(gè)有728人的大型工廠。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句中關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾factory。
語言點(diǎn)2 employ v.雇傭
employment n.受雇；工作
unemployment n.失業(yè)
be in employment 有工作
be out of employment 失業(yè)了
look for employment 找工作
8、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
當(dāng)弗蘭克回想起他早年困難時(shí)期和漫長(zhǎng)的成功之路時(shí)，他臉上洋溢著微笑。
語言點(diǎn)1 hard early years = hard early times早年困難時(shí)期(雙定語)
語言點(diǎn)2 the long road to success漫長(zhǎng)的成功之路
9、He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著，這時(shí)門開了，他的妻子走了進(jìn)來。
語言點(diǎn) 本句中when意為“這時(shí)”;and連接并列句。
10、She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!
她叫他去修理孫子的自行車！
語言點(diǎn) want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事（參見Lesson 1)