【課文】
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What is the author's main argument about the modern city?
In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea ofthe true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants offices and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, andthronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants.
ALEXIS CARREL Man, the Unknown
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
physiological adj. 生理的
maximum adj. 大限度的
consideration n. 考慮
descendant n. 子孫，后代
artificial n. 人工的
impose v. 強加
dimension n. 直徑
skyscraper n. 摩天大樓
tenant n. 租戶
civilized adj. 文明的
banal adj. 平庸
luxury n. 豪華
deprive v. 剝奪
monstrous adj. 畸形的
edifice n. 大廈
toxic adj. 有毒的
ceaselessly adv. 不停地
throng v. 擠滿，壅塞
【課文注釋】
1.neglect疏忽，忽略。
①作動詞，If you neglect someone or something, you fail to give them the amount of attention that they deserve.
例句：No country can afford to neglect education.
任何國家都不容忽視教育。
②作名詞。
例句：She was severely criticized for neglect of duty.
她因玩忽職守而受到嚴厲批評。
③動詞短語neglect to do sth：忘記做某事。
例句：He neglected to write and say `Thank you'.
他因疏忽而未寫信道謝。
2.the maximum production at lowest cost，以低成本獲得多產(chǎn)品。
3.in order that...，以使……，為了……，引導目的狀語從句。
用詞組in order來表示“為了……”有以下幾種用法：
①in order to do sth，這里in order后面加動詞不定式。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.
他點燃一支香煙，鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒。
②in order for sth，這里in order后面加for再加名詞或名詞短語。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order for a calm mind.
他點燃一支香煙，鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒。
③in order that，這里in order后面加that再加從句。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order that it could help calm his mind.
他點燃了一支香煙，以幫助他鎮(zhèn)定情緒。
4.without any idea of，完全忽視……。
the idea of是個和靈活的詞組，來看一下幾句例句：
例句①：The idea of traveling around Europe with my friends excited me!
和朋友一起去環(huán)游歐洲的主意讓我很激動。
例句②：Without the idea of saving money, she splash out on whatever interests her.
她沒有要省錢的念頭，看到什么感興趣的就買什么。
5.without giving any consideration to...，完全不考慮……。
give consideration to，考慮。
例句：An important principle is to give consideration to both the army and the people, to both public and private interests.
一個很重要的原則是軍民兼顧，公私兼顧。
6.imposed by...由……帶來的。
impose sth on sb/sth，把……強加于……。
例句：He imposed his presence on us for the weekend.
他硬要跟我們一起過周末。
7.with no ragard for，不考慮……。
with regard for，考慮……。要和另一個很相似的詞組with regard to注意區(qū)分。前者表示考慮……，后者表示關于，至于。
例句①：With regard for a better bilateray relationship, the two countries decide to break the ice and move on.
考慮到雙邊關系，兩國決定冰釋前嫌，重新開始。
例句②：I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.
對于你的投訴,我無可奉告。
8.be deprived of，被剝奪。
If you deprive someone of something that they want or need, you take it away from them, or you prevent them from having it.
例句：If you do not drive carefully, I shall be obliged to deprive you of your licence.
如果您不謹慎駕駛，我將不得不沒收您的執(zhí)照。
9.throng，擁擠，人群。
①作名詞：群集，擁擠的人群。
例句：She had to press through the throng to reach the stage.
她不得不穿過擁擠的人群走上舞臺。
②作動詞：擁擠，群集。
例句：thronged the main square of the city.
城里的大廣場上擠滿了人群。
【參考譯文】
在工業(yè)生活的組織中，工廠對工人的生理和精神狀態(tài)的影響完全被忽視了?，F(xiàn)代工業(yè)的基本概念是：以低成本獲取多產(chǎn)品，為的是讓某個個人或某一部分人盡可能多地賺錢。現(xiàn)代工業(yè)發(fā)展起來了，卻根本沒想到操作機器的人的本質(zhì)。工廠把一種人為的生存方式強加給工人，卻不顧及這種生存方式給工人及其后代帶來的影響。大城市的建設毫不關心我們。摩天大樓完全是按這樣的需要修建的：每平方英尺地皮取得大收入和向租房人提供使他滿意的辦公室和住房。這樣就導致了許多摩天大廈拔地而起，大廈內(nèi)眾多的人擠地一起。文明人喜歡這樣一種生活方式。在享受自己住宅的舒適和庸俗的豪華時，卻沒有意識到被剝奪了生活所必需的東西。大得嚇人的高樓和陰暗狹窄的街道組成了今日現(xiàn)代化的城市。街道上充斥著汽油味和有毒氣體，出租汽車、卡車、公共汽車的噪音刺耳難忍，絡繹不絕的人群擠來擠去。顯然，現(xiàn)代化的城市不是這居民的利益而規(guī)劃的。
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What is the author's main argument about the modern city?
In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea ofthe true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants offices and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, andthronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants.
ALEXIS CARREL Man, the Unknown
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
physiological adj. 生理的
maximum adj. 大限度的
consideration n. 考慮
descendant n. 子孫，后代
artificial n. 人工的
impose v. 強加
dimension n. 直徑
skyscraper n. 摩天大樓
tenant n. 租戶
civilized adj. 文明的
banal adj. 平庸
luxury n. 豪華
deprive v. 剝奪
monstrous adj. 畸形的
edifice n. 大廈
toxic adj. 有毒的
ceaselessly adv. 不停地
throng v. 擠滿，壅塞
【課文注釋】
1.neglect疏忽，忽略。
①作動詞，If you neglect someone or something, you fail to give them the amount of attention that they deserve.
例句：No country can afford to neglect education.
任何國家都不容忽視教育。
②作名詞。
例句：She was severely criticized for neglect of duty.
她因玩忽職守而受到嚴厲批評。
③動詞短語neglect to do sth：忘記做某事。
例句：He neglected to write and say `Thank you'.
他因疏忽而未寫信道謝。
2.the maximum production at lowest cost，以低成本獲得多產(chǎn)品。
3.in order that...，以使……，為了……，引導目的狀語從句。
用詞組in order來表示“為了……”有以下幾種用法：
①in order to do sth，這里in order后面加動詞不定式。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.
他點燃一支香煙，鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒。
②in order for sth，這里in order后面加for再加名詞或名詞短語。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order for a calm mind.
他點燃一支香煙，鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒。
③in order that，這里in order后面加that再加從句。
例句：He lit a cigarette in order that it could help calm his mind.
他點燃了一支香煙，以幫助他鎮(zhèn)定情緒。
4.without any idea of，完全忽視……。
the idea of是個和靈活的詞組，來看一下幾句例句：
例句①：The idea of traveling around Europe with my friends excited me!
和朋友一起去環(huán)游歐洲的主意讓我很激動。
例句②：Without the idea of saving money, she splash out on whatever interests her.
她沒有要省錢的念頭，看到什么感興趣的就買什么。
5.without giving any consideration to...，完全不考慮……。
give consideration to，考慮。
例句：An important principle is to give consideration to both the army and the people, to both public and private interests.
一個很重要的原則是軍民兼顧，公私兼顧。
6.imposed by...由……帶來的。
impose sth on sb/sth，把……強加于……。
例句：He imposed his presence on us for the weekend.
他硬要跟我們一起過周末。
7.with no ragard for，不考慮……。
with regard for，考慮……。要和另一個很相似的詞組with regard to注意區(qū)分。前者表示考慮……，后者表示關于，至于。
例句①：With regard for a better bilateray relationship, the two countries decide to break the ice and move on.
考慮到雙邊關系，兩國決定冰釋前嫌，重新開始。
例句②：I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.
對于你的投訴,我無可奉告。
8.be deprived of，被剝奪。
If you deprive someone of something that they want or need, you take it away from them, or you prevent them from having it.
例句：If you do not drive carefully, I shall be obliged to deprive you of your licence.
如果您不謹慎駕駛，我將不得不沒收您的執(zhí)照。
9.throng，擁擠，人群。
①作名詞：群集，擁擠的人群。
例句：She had to press through the throng to reach the stage.
她不得不穿過擁擠的人群走上舞臺。
②作動詞：擁擠，群集。
例句：thronged the main square of the city.
城里的大廣場上擠滿了人群。
【參考譯文】
在工業(yè)生活的組織中，工廠對工人的生理和精神狀態(tài)的影響完全被忽視了?，F(xiàn)代工業(yè)的基本概念是：以低成本獲取多產(chǎn)品，為的是讓某個個人或某一部分人盡可能多地賺錢。現(xiàn)代工業(yè)發(fā)展起來了，卻根本沒想到操作機器的人的本質(zhì)。工廠把一種人為的生存方式強加給工人，卻不顧及這種生存方式給工人及其后代帶來的影響。大城市的建設毫不關心我們。摩天大樓完全是按這樣的需要修建的：每平方英尺地皮取得大收入和向租房人提供使他滿意的辦公室和住房。這樣就導致了許多摩天大廈拔地而起，大廈內(nèi)眾多的人擠地一起。文明人喜歡這樣一種生活方式。在享受自己住宅的舒適和庸俗的豪華時，卻沒有意識到被剝奪了生活所必需的東西。大得嚇人的高樓和陰暗狹窄的街道組成了今日現(xiàn)代化的城市。街道上充斥著汽油味和有毒氣體，出租汽車、卡車、公共汽車的噪音刺耳難忍，絡繹不絕的人群擠來擠去。顯然，現(xiàn)代化的城市不是這居民的利益而規(guī)劃的。