陽節(jié)，又稱“踏秋”，漢族傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。慶祝重陽節(jié)一般會包括出游賞景、登高遠眺、觀賞菊花、遍插茱萸、吃重陽糕、飲菊花酒等活動。
每年的農(nóng)歷九月初九日，也是中國傳統(tǒng)四大祭祖的節(jié)日 。重陽節(jié)早在戰(zhàn)國時期就已經(jīng)形成，到了唐代，重陽被正式定為民間的節(jié)日，此后歷朝歷代沿襲至今。重陽與三月初三日“踏春”皆是家族傾室而出，重陽這天所有親人都要一起登高“避災”。
其一
重陽節(jié)
重陽的源頭，可追溯到先秦之前?！秴问洗呵铩分小都厩锛o》載：“（九月）命家宰，農(nóng)事備收，舉五種之要。藏帝籍之收于神倉，祗敬必飭?！薄笆侨找玻箴嫷?，嘗犧牲，告?zhèn)溆谔熳?。”可見當時已有在秋九月農(nóng)作物豐收之時祭饗天帝、祭祖，以謝天帝、祖先恩德的活動。[1]
漢代，《西京雜記》中記西漢時的宮人賈佩蘭稱：“九月九日，佩茱萸，食蓬餌，飲菊花酒，云令人長壽。”相傳自此時起，有了重陽節(jié)求壽之俗。這是受古代巫師（后為道士）追求長生，采集藥物服用的影響。同時還有大型飲宴活動，是由先秦時慶豐收之宴飲發(fā)展而來的?！肚G楚歲時記》云：“九月九日，四民并籍野飲宴?！彼宥殴白⒃疲骸熬旁戮湃昭鐣?，未知起于何代，然自駐至宋未改。”求長壽及飲宴，構成了重陽節(jié)的基礎。 [1]
其二
重陽節(jié)的原型之一是古代的祭祀大火的儀式。[1]
作為古代季節(jié)星宿標志的“大火”星，在季秋九月隱退，《夏小正》稱“九月內(nèi)火”，“大火”星的退隱，不僅使一向以大火星為季節(jié)生產(chǎn)與季節(jié)生活標識的古人失去了時間的坐標，同時使將大火奉若神明的古人產(chǎn)生莫名的恐懼，火神的休眠意味著漫漫長冬的到來，因此，在“內(nèi)火”時節(jié)，一如其出現(xiàn)時要有迎火儀式那樣，人們要舉行相應的送行祭儀。古代的祭儀情形雖渺茫難曉，但還是可以從后世的重陽節(jié)儀中尋找到一些古俗遺痕。如江南部分地區(qū)有重陽祭灶的習俗，是家居的火神，由此可見古代九月祭祀“大火”的蛛絲馬跡。古人長將重陽與上巳或寒食、九月九與三月三作為對應的春秋大節(jié)。漢劉歆《西京雜記》稱：“三月上巳，九月重陽，使女游戲，就此祓禊登高?！鄙纤取⒑撑c重陽的對應，是以“大火”出沒為依據(jù)的。[1]
隨著人們謀生技術的進步，人們對時間有了新的認識，“火歷”讓位于一般歷法。九月祭火的儀式衰亡，但人們對九月因陽氣的衰減而引起的自然物侯變化仍然有著特殊的感受，因此登高避忌的古俗依舊傳城，雖然世人已有了新的解釋。[2]
重陽在民眾生活中成為夏冬交接的時間界標。如果說上巳、寒食是人們渡過漫長冬季后出室暢游的春節(jié)，那么重陽大約是在秋寒新至、人民即將隱居時的具有儀式意義的秋游，所以民俗有上巳“踏青”，重陽“辭青”。重陽節(jié)俗就圍繞著人們的這一時季感受展開。[1]Yang Festival, also known as "step down", the Han traditional festival. To celebrate the festival usually includes travel sightseeing, climb mountains, ornamental chrysanthemum, biancha Mastixia, eating double ninth cake, drink chrysanthemum wine and other activities.
Every the 9th day of the ninth month of the Chinese lunar calendar, China is the four traditional worship festival. The Double Ninth Festival early in the Warring States period has been formed by the Tang Dynasty, Chongyang was officially designated as the folk festival, later dynasties followed so far. Chongyang and the beginning of March three "spring" is one room and the family, Chongyang day all the family should take "to avoid the disaster".
firstly
Double Ninth Festival
Chongyang source, can be traced back to the pre Qin days. "Lushih chunchiu" in "Ji Qiu Ji" set: "(September) slaughter family life, farming land preparation, for five to. Tibet from God to Emperor Jing bin, only need to." "Is also, to Dili, taste the sacrifice, to prepare for the emperor." Visible at the time have been in the autumn of September crop harvest when offering for God, worship, by Xie Tiandi, the activities of forefathers. [1]
The Han Dynasty, "Xi Xi" in the mind of the Western Han Dynasty palace Jia Peilan said: "September 9th, Pei Zhu, Peng fresh bait, drink chrysanthemum wine, goes live longer." According to legend, since that time, there is a festival for life custom. This is the ancient shamans (later Taoist) pursuit of longevity, the acquisition of drug taking. At the same time there are large-scale banquets, is developed from the pre Qin to the feast of harvest. "Age Jingchu" cloud: "in September 9th, four people and by wild banquets." Dugong Sui looking note: "dinner on September 9th, at ho on behalf of the unknown, ranzi in Song Dynasty has not changed." Longevity and for banquets, constitute the basis of the double ninth festival. [1]
second
One of the prototype of the Double Ninth Festival is the ancient ritual fire ceremony. [1]
As the ancient symbol of the "fire" season stars star retreat in the fall of September, "Xia Xiaozheng" said the September "fire", "fire" star retreat, the lost time has always been to Mars for large coordinate seasonal production and seasonal identification of ancient life not only, also will make the big fire make a fetish of nameless fear, Vulcan means long dormant winter coming, therefore, in the "fire" season, as it appeared to meet the fire ceremony, people hold the cult off. Although the ancient rituals of bleak dawn, but still can be found in the Double Ninth Festival later in the instrument to some ancient customs yihen. Such as the Chongyang southern part of the region Jizao customs, is Home Furnishing Vulcan traces, we can see the ancient ritual September "fire". The ancients would be long and Chongyang Shangsi or cold food, September nine and March three as the spring festival. Liu Hsin of the Han Dynasty "Xi Xi" said: "March has been on September, Chongyang, the women of the game, this Fuxi climb." Shangsi, Hanshi and corresponding Chongyang, the "fire" as the basis of the infested. [1]
As people make a living technology progress, people have a new understanding of the time, "fire calendar" to the general calendar. Jihuo ceremony of the September decline, but the people on the nature of climate change in September due to the attenuation caused by Yang still has a special feeling, so high Biji still popular ancient city, although the world has a new interpretation. [2]
Chongyang became the winter time of the handover landmark in the people's life. If Shangsi, Hanshi people through the room after a long winter tour of the Spring Festival, Chung Yeung is about the new Qiuhan to people to have lived at the time of the ceremony Qiuyou significance, so folk have been on "outing", "Ci Qing chongyang". The Double Ninth Festival around the people's feelings when the season started. [1]
每年的農(nóng)歷九月初九日，也是中國傳統(tǒng)四大祭祖的節(jié)日 。重陽節(jié)早在戰(zhàn)國時期就已經(jīng)形成，到了唐代，重陽被正式定為民間的節(jié)日，此后歷朝歷代沿襲至今。重陽與三月初三日“踏春”皆是家族傾室而出，重陽這天所有親人都要一起登高“避災”。
其一
重陽節(jié)
重陽的源頭，可追溯到先秦之前?！秴问洗呵铩分小都厩锛o》載：“（九月）命家宰，農(nóng)事備收，舉五種之要。藏帝籍之收于神倉，祗敬必飭?！薄笆侨找玻箴嫷?，嘗犧牲，告?zhèn)溆谔熳?。”可見當時已有在秋九月農(nóng)作物豐收之時祭饗天帝、祭祖，以謝天帝、祖先恩德的活動。[1]
漢代，《西京雜記》中記西漢時的宮人賈佩蘭稱：“九月九日，佩茱萸，食蓬餌，飲菊花酒，云令人長壽。”相傳自此時起，有了重陽節(jié)求壽之俗。這是受古代巫師（后為道士）追求長生，采集藥物服用的影響。同時還有大型飲宴活動，是由先秦時慶豐收之宴飲發(fā)展而來的?！肚G楚歲時記》云：“九月九日，四民并籍野飲宴?！彼宥殴白⒃疲骸熬旁戮湃昭鐣?，未知起于何代，然自駐至宋未改。”求長壽及飲宴，構成了重陽節(jié)的基礎。 [1]
其二
重陽節(jié)的原型之一是古代的祭祀大火的儀式。[1]
作為古代季節(jié)星宿標志的“大火”星，在季秋九月隱退，《夏小正》稱“九月內(nèi)火”，“大火”星的退隱，不僅使一向以大火星為季節(jié)生產(chǎn)與季節(jié)生活標識的古人失去了時間的坐標，同時使將大火奉若神明的古人產(chǎn)生莫名的恐懼，火神的休眠意味著漫漫長冬的到來，因此，在“內(nèi)火”時節(jié)，一如其出現(xiàn)時要有迎火儀式那樣，人們要舉行相應的送行祭儀。古代的祭儀情形雖渺茫難曉，但還是可以從后世的重陽節(jié)儀中尋找到一些古俗遺痕。如江南部分地區(qū)有重陽祭灶的習俗，是家居的火神，由此可見古代九月祭祀“大火”的蛛絲馬跡。古人長將重陽與上巳或寒食、九月九與三月三作為對應的春秋大節(jié)。漢劉歆《西京雜記》稱：“三月上巳，九月重陽，使女游戲，就此祓禊登高?！鄙纤取⒑撑c重陽的對應，是以“大火”出沒為依據(jù)的。[1]
隨著人們謀生技術的進步，人們對時間有了新的認識，“火歷”讓位于一般歷法。九月祭火的儀式衰亡，但人們對九月因陽氣的衰減而引起的自然物侯變化仍然有著特殊的感受，因此登高避忌的古俗依舊傳城，雖然世人已有了新的解釋。[2]
重陽在民眾生活中成為夏冬交接的時間界標。如果說上巳、寒食是人們渡過漫長冬季后出室暢游的春節(jié)，那么重陽大約是在秋寒新至、人民即將隱居時的具有儀式意義的秋游，所以民俗有上巳“踏青”，重陽“辭青”。重陽節(jié)俗就圍繞著人們的這一時季感受展開。[1]Yang Festival, also known as "step down", the Han traditional festival. To celebrate the festival usually includes travel sightseeing, climb mountains, ornamental chrysanthemum, biancha Mastixia, eating double ninth cake, drink chrysanthemum wine and other activities.
Every the 9th day of the ninth month of the Chinese lunar calendar, China is the four traditional worship festival. The Double Ninth Festival early in the Warring States period has been formed by the Tang Dynasty, Chongyang was officially designated as the folk festival, later dynasties followed so far. Chongyang and the beginning of March three "spring" is one room and the family, Chongyang day all the family should take "to avoid the disaster".
firstly
Double Ninth Festival
Chongyang source, can be traced back to the pre Qin days. "Lushih chunchiu" in "Ji Qiu Ji" set: "(September) slaughter family life, farming land preparation, for five to. Tibet from God to Emperor Jing bin, only need to." "Is also, to Dili, taste the sacrifice, to prepare for the emperor." Visible at the time have been in the autumn of September crop harvest when offering for God, worship, by Xie Tiandi, the activities of forefathers. [1]
The Han Dynasty, "Xi Xi" in the mind of the Western Han Dynasty palace Jia Peilan said: "September 9th, Pei Zhu, Peng fresh bait, drink chrysanthemum wine, goes live longer." According to legend, since that time, there is a festival for life custom. This is the ancient shamans (later Taoist) pursuit of longevity, the acquisition of drug taking. At the same time there are large-scale banquets, is developed from the pre Qin to the feast of harvest. "Age Jingchu" cloud: "in September 9th, four people and by wild banquets." Dugong Sui looking note: "dinner on September 9th, at ho on behalf of the unknown, ranzi in Song Dynasty has not changed." Longevity and for banquets, constitute the basis of the double ninth festival. [1]
second
One of the prototype of the Double Ninth Festival is the ancient ritual fire ceremony. [1]
As the ancient symbol of the "fire" season stars star retreat in the fall of September, "Xia Xiaozheng" said the September "fire", "fire" star retreat, the lost time has always been to Mars for large coordinate seasonal production and seasonal identification of ancient life not only, also will make the big fire make a fetish of nameless fear, Vulcan means long dormant winter coming, therefore, in the "fire" season, as it appeared to meet the fire ceremony, people hold the cult off. Although the ancient rituals of bleak dawn, but still can be found in the Double Ninth Festival later in the instrument to some ancient customs yihen. Such as the Chongyang southern part of the region Jizao customs, is Home Furnishing Vulcan traces, we can see the ancient ritual September "fire". The ancients would be long and Chongyang Shangsi or cold food, September nine and March three as the spring festival. Liu Hsin of the Han Dynasty "Xi Xi" said: "March has been on September, Chongyang, the women of the game, this Fuxi climb." Shangsi, Hanshi and corresponding Chongyang, the "fire" as the basis of the infested. [1]
As people make a living technology progress, people have a new understanding of the time, "fire calendar" to the general calendar. Jihuo ceremony of the September decline, but the people on the nature of climate change in September due to the attenuation caused by Yang still has a special feeling, so high Biji still popular ancient city, although the world has a new interpretation. [2]
Chongyang became the winter time of the handover landmark in the people's life. If Shangsi, Hanshi people through the room after a long winter tour of the Spring Festival, Chung Yeung is about the new Qiuhan to people to have lived at the time of the ceremony Qiuyou significance, so folk have been on "outing", "Ci Qing chongyang". The Double Ninth Festival around the people's feelings when the season started. [1]