單項(xiàng)選擇題
1、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題
Business Meetings
It is important that ideas anD suggestions tableD at formal meetings are voiceD at the (0)..D..．time．This is achieveD by keeping to the (19).....． shown on the agenda．For example, there is no (20).....． in discussing ideas to do with Item Six on the agendA．when Item Two has not yet been (21).....． Such deviations from the agendA．may (22)......． in confusion among the people at the meeting; they may also (23).....． concentration if they see something as irrelevant.
To make certain that the meeting proceeds in an orderly fashion, it is therefore useful to(24) .....．some grounD rules．First, everyone will neeD to understanD that they must(25) .....．their comments to the topiC．under discussion．The Chair can then encourage one person to speak at A．(26) .....．so that any ideas offereD can be discusseD anD (27)Once that person has finished, someone else can put (28)....． their ideas anD so on．If this procedure is adopted, the participants will be able to follow the various issues in A．consistent manner, which will help with the decision-making (29)....． later on．It will also (30).....that the quiet people at meetings get A．chance to (31)....． their say, rather than just their more outspoken colleagues．In (32).....． it is often the quiet people at meetings who generate the best ideas, because they are in the (33).....． of thinking before they speak.
（19）應(yīng)選
A．structure
B．direction
C．order
D．a(chǎn)rrangemer
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 Buffet Zone Lucy Robertson starteD working at A．take-away fooD business to supplement her income during her student days at Edinburgh University．Several years later she haD bought the business anD now, 17 years on, she owns Grapevine Caterers, probably Scotland's leading independent caterers, with A．turnover of almost ε6m. She haD never planneD to own A．business, anD haD certainly never considereD A．career in catering．(0)...G However, her unplanneD career began in 1985, when she returneD to Edinburgh anD discovereD that the takeaway she haD workeD in was up for sale．On impulse, she bought it, but admits that at the time she knew nothing about catering．(8).....It was A．difficult time, but essential in terms of gaining the experience she needed．The late 1980s boom was gooD for business, with large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway fooD for their lunches．(9)....． "At one point there were 26 fooD outlets within A．5-kilometre radius," Robertson recalls, as the economy changeD anD the once packeD office blocks starteD to become vacant, it became clear that Robertson woulD neeD to diversify．(10)......It changeD the direction of the company for good. As Robertson began to win catering contracts, she decideD that the company woulD have to move to larger premises．In 1994, the move was made when she bought another catering business that already haD A．number of profitable contracts for boardroom lunches. Meanwhile, Robertson's main competitor, the oldest catering company in Edinburgh, was causing her some anxiety．"Customer loyally is not to be underestimated," she warns．But Robertson is not someone who is easily put off．(11).....．Partly as A．result of this, turnover doubled, anD having outgrown another site, Robertson bought A．city-centre location for the group's headquarters. By now, Grapevine's main competitor was A．new catering company calleD Towngates．Although Robertson trieD to raise enough money to buy Towngates, she diD not succeed．Then luck interveneD anD Towngates went bankrupt．(12)......Many accepteD anD the company's turnover went from ε700,000 to ε1.5 million almost overnight. However, the company's growth was not as smooth as it sounds in retrospect．Robertson admits, "We were close to the edge during the growth period．Like many under-capitalizeD companies trying to grow, it might easily have collapsed." But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing your own business. A．But there are plenty of similar contracts to be won in the east of ScotlanD before Robertson turns her attention elsewhere. B．Her way rounD this particular problem was to recruit the catering manager of the rival company. C．But this demanD was short-lived, anD before long, increasing competition made it harder to make A．profit. D "It was A．dramatiC．learning curve anD very small amounts of money were earneD at first," says Robertson． E．She decideD that the solution, since many companies requireD working lunches for meetings with clients, was to prepare anD deliver meals to business premises. F．On hearing this, Robertson immediately contacteD all of their clients anD offereD the services of Grapevine Caterers. G．Instead, she studieD accountancy after leaving university, anD A．steady if unspectacular professional path seemeD set. （8）應(yīng)選
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 A Gianluca Tramcere, Silica Systems An outsourced IT service is never a fully independent entity. It is tied to the home company's previous and continuing systems of working. But despite the added responsibility of managing new ways of working, many businesses ignore the integration process. They fail to establish contracts that define the ways in which the two companies will work alongside one another, and focus solely on the technological aspects of service delivery. B Kevin Rayner, Domola Businesses need to build integration competency centers dedicated to managing the integration effort. It is critical to have an individual in charge to check that the external and internal business operations work together. Although companies often think of outsourcing as a way of getting rid of people and assets, they need to remember that, at the same time, outsourcing involves gaining people. Because there is a new operation being carried out in a different way outside of the home business, this creates a training element. C Clayton Locke, Digital Solutions Communication is the key to success, and outsourcing to other regions or countries can lead to a range of problems. For any such initiative, it is necessary to create a team where there is good, open communication and a clear understanding of objectives and incentives. Bringing people to the home location from the outsourced centre is necessary, since it can aid understanding of the complexities of the existing system. To integrate efficiently, outsourcing personnel have to talk to the home company's executives and users to understand their experiences. D Kim Noon, J G Tech One way to avoid the difficulties of integration is to create a joint venture company with the outsourcer. Thus, a company can swap its assets for a share of the profits. Yet joint ventures bring potential troubles and companies should be careful not to lose sight of the original rationale for outsourcing: to gain cost efficiencies and quality of service in an area that for some reason could not be carried out entirely in-house. The complexities and costs of a joint venture initiative should not be underestimated. the need to teach skills to employees working on the outsourced process
4、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 Who Benefits Most from Company Training? According to recent research, the better educated and the higher up the socioeconomic(0)...C...you are, the more likely you are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, the more likely you are to then turn (19)......the offer, pleading family and personal commitments or (20)......of work. Less qualified staff, on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, but are more eager to (21).....them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are three times more likely to accept training when it is offered. In the majority of companies, more (22).....are allocated to management training than to other areas. Employers (23).....their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they pay them accordingly and invest more in them in (24)......of training. This is (25).....by the fact that organizations are dependent on properly (26).....managers making the right decisions. But this (27).....may mean that companies are(28).....other parts of the workforce down. The researchers found A．growing demand for training among the lower-skilled. Unfortunately this demand is not being (29)....by employers, even though there are strong indications that companies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30)....between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was still widespread endorsement of training. For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31)....of planned instruction or tuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. It therefore included A．wide variety of approaches. on-the-joB．a(chǎn)nd classroom training (32).....to be used equally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing A．certain procedure and then practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employees. While many felt that learning from colleagues was best, very few(33).....the internet as an effective way to train.
（19）應(yīng)選 A．back B．over C．down D．off
填空題 5、 1. Problems at Southford Plant Dear MR Ballard, You asked for a brief report concerning the recent events at the Southford Plant. We have consulted the files and spoken to relevant members of the higher management and thus are able to provide an explanation for the breakdown reported in the press on 17 May of this year. ____1____ The handling equipment used to deliver the components to the assembly line has been known to be in need of an overhaul for the past six months. The plant has been working to full capacity to finish the American orders according to schedule. As you know, we had commissioned a study by Industrial Research Consultants. ____2____ In it they warned that there was not enough space available to store sufficient components ____3____ We had decided to install fully automated robot system. However, at the same time it was clear to our production director that given the present maintenance staff, we would not have sufficient staff available if big problems were to arise____4____But we were still only working a two-shift system so the machines were not getting the necessary cover. We all agree that the breakdown was extremely unfortunate and yet we must admit that, under the circumstance, it was not entirely unexpected. We now believe that we have managed to sort out the major problems which we had been having with the conveyor equipment ____5____ Added to this is the fact that personnel department has been successful in recruiting some highly qualified maintenance staff who makes us confident that a repetition of the 16 May now seems entirely unlikely. A.They also recommended expanding the present two-shift system to a three-shift one. B.And also when the new robots are installed in September, we feel certain that such problems will become a thing of the past. C.Unfortunately, as you know, there has been a major problem with recognizing the maintenance schedule. D.The wide range of machine we operate is not fully supervised at all times. E.The cause of the breakdown was very simple. F.They submitted their report on April 5. G.There have been a number of delays and breakdowns in production recently which have been reported in the press. H.The firm has been advertising for maintenance engineers for some weeks. I.All the facilities in the plant will be coordinated to enable the workers to step up production of the new range of machines.
6、Questions 8 - 12 ·Read this advertisement about business book reviews. ·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. ·For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet. ·Do not mark any letter twice.
A)These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends. B)Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay. C)In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest. D)According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book. E)He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary. F)With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll be caught off guard. G)Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there are only eight pages. H)There's a sample of the superb business titles that we summarise for you. I)With all the reading you have to do in the normal course of your work, you find it impossible to keep up with all the new business books.
7、 PART THREE Questions 13-20 Read the article below about stress management, and answer questions 13-20 on the opposite page.
A Lesson In Stress Management Demands placed on us at work can often lead to considerable worry and discomfort. There are, however, ways of protecting ourselves from the stress we face at work. We interviewed Jane Collard, a consultant in stress management. 1. In Jane Collard's opinion, stress is becoming an increasingly common feature of the workplace. Stress is a highly individual reaction, which varies considerably from person to person, and it is difficult for some employees to avoid it. Indeed, stress is regarded by many as part of the organizational culture of our institutions: it comes with the job. Recent figures indicate that time taken off work because of stress has increased by 500 per cent since the 1950s. Undoubtedly, changes in working conditions have led to greater pressure at work at all levels. With reductions in staffing, workloads for individual employees have increased. In addition, many employees are left worrying about the security of their jobs. 2. On the stress management courses that she runs, Jane Collard tries to make the trainees realise that stress in itself is not harmful. Everyone needs a certain level of stress to enable them to feel motivated and to perform effectively. A complete absence of stress can be as damaging as overstress, since it can make people lose interest in their work, and even lead to depression. The difficulties occur when the amount of stress rises above a level which is healthy for a particular individual. If this happens, the effects are very obvious and the trainees are taught to recognize the signs. Stress may be expressed physically, for example through headaches and tiredness, or through emotional problems such as depression. A person suffering from stress may also start to behave differently, and can be difficult to deal with. 3. While it may not always be possible to prevent stress, there are a number of ways in which it can be controlled. The first thing that the trainees learn is how to manage their time effectively. This involves, first of all, setting realistic goals for both the short and long term. Once this framework has been established, tasks are then prioritised on a daily basis. The trainees are also reminded that when they are under pressure the less important items should be left, and they should never hesitate to delegate. Everyone is encouraged to look at ways of reducing 'wasted time ', for example by grouping similar tasks together or dealing with items immedkiately. 4. Jane feels that one of the most useful features of the course is that it enables trainees to deal with those demands or deadlines that they regard as unreasonable. They are encouraged to avoid being defensive, but at the same time they are advised not to be afraid of saying 'no'. They are asked to give reasons only if necessary. The training helps them to foresee difficult situations or unwanted demands, and they learn how to prepare themselves mentally. Everyone is encouraged not to get stuck in negative thought patterns, where stress can feed a circular sense of helplessness. One solution they discuss is to think of a more encouraging alternative for each negative message. They learn, for example, to remind themselves that nothing terrible happens when a demand is refused or a deadline missed. Life goes on.
Questions 13-16 For questions 13-16, choose the best title for each numbered paragraph from the list below. For each numbered paragraph 1-4, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. 13 Paragraph 1 ______ 14 Paragraph 2 ______ 15 Paragraph 3 ______ 16 Paragraph 4 ______ A Higher stress levels among top managers B Coping with stress through a positive attitude C Time lost at work through sickness D Causes of increased stress in the work environment E Explanations for missed deadlines F stress reduction through better organisation G Typical problems associated with stress
8、PART ONE Questions 1-7
Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page. Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to? For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
Example:0 This post involves some secretarial duties. 0 A B C D
1 You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system. 2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear. 3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds. 4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas. 5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before. 6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization. 7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.
A BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree. B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy. You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office. You will have gained your buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component. C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member. You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload. You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential. D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration. You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology. Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification.
簡(jiǎn)答題 9、Part One You are the Manager of a small printing company. A new employee, Mark McCabe, is joining your company on 10th May. Write a short memo to your office administrator: Saying who is starting work and when; Telling him what Mark McCabe’s job will be; Suggesting where Mark McCabe’s desk should be put;
Write 30-40 words on your answer sheet.
Part Two You were sent on a residential training course for five days. Unfortunately the course was very badly run and there were a lot of problems with it. The advert below shows the details of the course, together with your comments.
Write a report for your manager on the course (100-120 words). Des
2、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 Buffet Zone Lucy Robertson starteD working at A．take-away fooD business to supplement her income during her student days at Edinburgh University．Several years later she haD bought the business anD now, 17 years on, she owns Grapevine Caterers, probably Scotland's leading independent caterers, with A．turnover of almost ε6m. She haD never planneD to own A．business, anD haD certainly never considereD A．career in catering．(0)...G However, her unplanneD career began in 1985, when she returneD to Edinburgh anD discovereD that the takeaway she haD workeD in was up for sale．On impulse, she bought it, but admits that at the time she knew nothing about catering．(8).....It was A．difficult time, but essential in terms of gaining the experience she needed．The late 1980s boom was gooD for business, with large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway fooD for their lunches．(9)....． "At one point there were 26 fooD outlets within A．5-kilometre radius," Robertson recalls, as the economy changeD anD the once packeD office blocks starteD to become vacant, it became clear that Robertson woulD neeD to diversify．(10)......It changeD the direction of the company for good. As Robertson began to win catering contracts, she decideD that the company woulD have to move to larger premises．In 1994, the move was made when she bought another catering business that already haD A．number of profitable contracts for boardroom lunches. Meanwhile, Robertson's main competitor, the oldest catering company in Edinburgh, was causing her some anxiety．"Customer loyally is not to be underestimated," she warns．But Robertson is not someone who is easily put off．(11).....．Partly as A．result of this, turnover doubled, anD having outgrown another site, Robertson bought A．city-centre location for the group's headquarters. By now, Grapevine's main competitor was A．new catering company calleD Towngates．Although Robertson trieD to raise enough money to buy Towngates, she diD not succeed．Then luck interveneD anD Towngates went bankrupt．(12)......Many accepteD anD the company's turnover went from ε700,000 to ε1.5 million almost overnight. However, the company's growth was not as smooth as it sounds in retrospect．Robertson admits, "We were close to the edge during the growth period．Like many under-capitalizeD companies trying to grow, it might easily have collapsed." But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing your own business. A．But there are plenty of similar contracts to be won in the east of ScotlanD before Robertson turns her attention elsewhere. B．Her way rounD this particular problem was to recruit the catering manager of the rival company. C．But this demanD was short-lived, anD before long, increasing competition made it harder to make A．profit. D "It was A．dramatiC．learning curve anD very small amounts of money were earneD at first," says Robertson． E．She decideD that the solution, since many companies requireD working lunches for meetings with clients, was to prepare anD deliver meals to business premises. F．On hearing this, Robertson immediately contacteD all of their clients anD offereD the services of Grapevine Caterers. G．Instead, she studieD accountancy after leaving university, anD A．steady if unspectacular professional path seemeD set. （8）應(yīng)選
3、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 A Gianluca Tramcere, Silica Systems An outsourced IT service is never a fully independent entity. It is tied to the home company's previous and continuing systems of working. But despite the added responsibility of managing new ways of working, many businesses ignore the integration process. They fail to establish contracts that define the ways in which the two companies will work alongside one another, and focus solely on the technological aspects of service delivery. B Kevin Rayner, Domola Businesses need to build integration competency centers dedicated to managing the integration effort. It is critical to have an individual in charge to check that the external and internal business operations work together. Although companies often think of outsourcing as a way of getting rid of people and assets, they need to remember that, at the same time, outsourcing involves gaining people. Because there is a new operation being carried out in a different way outside of the home business, this creates a training element. C Clayton Locke, Digital Solutions Communication is the key to success, and outsourcing to other regions or countries can lead to a range of problems. For any such initiative, it is necessary to create a team where there is good, open communication and a clear understanding of objectives and incentives. Bringing people to the home location from the outsourced centre is necessary, since it can aid understanding of the complexities of the existing system. To integrate efficiently, outsourcing personnel have to talk to the home company's executives and users to understand their experiences. D Kim Noon, J G Tech One way to avoid the difficulties of integration is to create a joint venture company with the outsourcer. Thus, a company can swap its assets for a share of the profits. Yet joint ventures bring potential troubles and companies should be careful not to lose sight of the original rationale for outsourcing: to gain cost efficiencies and quality of service in an area that for some reason could not be carried out entirely in-house. The complexities and costs of a joint venture initiative should not be underestimated. the need to teach skills to employees working on the outsourced process
4、根據(jù)下面資料，回答題 Who Benefits Most from Company Training? According to recent research, the better educated and the higher up the socioeconomic(0)...C...you are, the more likely you are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, the more likely you are to then turn (19)......the offer, pleading family and personal commitments or (20)......of work. Less qualified staff, on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, but are more eager to (21).....them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are three times more likely to accept training when it is offered. In the majority of companies, more (22).....are allocated to management training than to other areas. Employers (23).....their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they pay them accordingly and invest more in them in (24)......of training. This is (25).....by the fact that organizations are dependent on properly (26).....managers making the right decisions. But this (27).....may mean that companies are(28).....other parts of the workforce down. The researchers found A．growing demand for training among the lower-skilled. Unfortunately this demand is not being (29)....by employers, even though there are strong indications that companies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30)....between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was still widespread endorsement of training. For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31)....of planned instruction or tuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. It therefore included A．wide variety of approaches. on-the-joB．a(chǎn)nd classroom training (32).....to be used equally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing A．certain procedure and then practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employees. While many felt that learning from colleagues was best, very few(33).....the internet as an effective way to train.
（19）應(yīng)選 A．back B．over C．down D．off
填空題 5、 1. Problems at Southford Plant Dear MR Ballard, You asked for a brief report concerning the recent events at the Southford Plant. We have consulted the files and spoken to relevant members of the higher management and thus are able to provide an explanation for the breakdown reported in the press on 17 May of this year. ____1____ The handling equipment used to deliver the components to the assembly line has been known to be in need of an overhaul for the past six months. The plant has been working to full capacity to finish the American orders according to schedule. As you know, we had commissioned a study by Industrial Research Consultants. ____2____ In it they warned that there was not enough space available to store sufficient components ____3____ We had decided to install fully automated robot system. However, at the same time it was clear to our production director that given the present maintenance staff, we would not have sufficient staff available if big problems were to arise____4____But we were still only working a two-shift system so the machines were not getting the necessary cover. We all agree that the breakdown was extremely unfortunate and yet we must admit that, under the circumstance, it was not entirely unexpected. We now believe that we have managed to sort out the major problems which we had been having with the conveyor equipment ____5____ Added to this is the fact that personnel department has been successful in recruiting some highly qualified maintenance staff who makes us confident that a repetition of the 16 May now seems entirely unlikely. A.They also recommended expanding the present two-shift system to a three-shift one. B.And also when the new robots are installed in September, we feel certain that such problems will become a thing of the past. C.Unfortunately, as you know, there has been a major problem with recognizing the maintenance schedule. D.The wide range of machine we operate is not fully supervised at all times. E.The cause of the breakdown was very simple. F.They submitted their report on April 5. G.There have been a number of delays and breakdowns in production recently which have been reported in the press. H.The firm has been advertising for maintenance engineers for some weeks. I.All the facilities in the plant will be coordinated to enable the workers to step up production of the new range of machines.
6、Questions 8 - 12 ·Read this advertisement about business book reviews. ·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. ·For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet. ·Do not mark any letter twice.
A)These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends. B)Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay. C)In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest. D)According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book. E)He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary. F)With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll be caught off guard. G)Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there are only eight pages. H)There's a sample of the superb business titles that we summarise for you. I)With all the reading you have to do in the normal course of your work, you find it impossible to keep up with all the new business books.
7、 PART THREE Questions 13-20 Read the article below about stress management, and answer questions 13-20 on the opposite page.
A Lesson In Stress Management Demands placed on us at work can often lead to considerable worry and discomfort. There are, however, ways of protecting ourselves from the stress we face at work. We interviewed Jane Collard, a consultant in stress management. 1. In Jane Collard's opinion, stress is becoming an increasingly common feature of the workplace. Stress is a highly individual reaction, which varies considerably from person to person, and it is difficult for some employees to avoid it. Indeed, stress is regarded by many as part of the organizational culture of our institutions: it comes with the job. Recent figures indicate that time taken off work because of stress has increased by 500 per cent since the 1950s. Undoubtedly, changes in working conditions have led to greater pressure at work at all levels. With reductions in staffing, workloads for individual employees have increased. In addition, many employees are left worrying about the security of their jobs. 2. On the stress management courses that she runs, Jane Collard tries to make the trainees realise that stress in itself is not harmful. Everyone needs a certain level of stress to enable them to feel motivated and to perform effectively. A complete absence of stress can be as damaging as overstress, since it can make people lose interest in their work, and even lead to depression. The difficulties occur when the amount of stress rises above a level which is healthy for a particular individual. If this happens, the effects are very obvious and the trainees are taught to recognize the signs. Stress may be expressed physically, for example through headaches and tiredness, or through emotional problems such as depression. A person suffering from stress may also start to behave differently, and can be difficult to deal with. 3. While it may not always be possible to prevent stress, there are a number of ways in which it can be controlled. The first thing that the trainees learn is how to manage their time effectively. This involves, first of all, setting realistic goals for both the short and long term. Once this framework has been established, tasks are then prioritised on a daily basis. The trainees are also reminded that when they are under pressure the less important items should be left, and they should never hesitate to delegate. Everyone is encouraged to look at ways of reducing 'wasted time ', for example by grouping similar tasks together or dealing with items immedkiately. 4. Jane feels that one of the most useful features of the course is that it enables trainees to deal with those demands or deadlines that they regard as unreasonable. They are encouraged to avoid being defensive, but at the same time they are advised not to be afraid of saying 'no'. They are asked to give reasons only if necessary. The training helps them to foresee difficult situations or unwanted demands, and they learn how to prepare themselves mentally. Everyone is encouraged not to get stuck in negative thought patterns, where stress can feed a circular sense of helplessness. One solution they discuss is to think of a more encouraging alternative for each negative message. They learn, for example, to remind themselves that nothing terrible happens when a demand is refused or a deadline missed. Life goes on.
Questions 13-16 For questions 13-16, choose the best title for each numbered paragraph from the list below. For each numbered paragraph 1-4, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. 13 Paragraph 1 ______ 14 Paragraph 2 ______ 15 Paragraph 3 ______ 16 Paragraph 4 ______ A Higher stress levels among top managers B Coping with stress through a positive attitude C Time lost at work through sickness D Causes of increased stress in the work environment E Explanations for missed deadlines F stress reduction through better organisation G Typical problems associated with stress
8、PART ONE Questions 1-7
Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page. Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to? For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
Example:0 This post involves some secretarial duties. 0 A B C D
1 You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system. 2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear. 3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds. 4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas. 5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before. 6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization. 7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.
A BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree. B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy. You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office. You will have gained your buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component. C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member. You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload. You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential. D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration. You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology. Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification.
簡(jiǎn)答題 9、Part One You are the Manager of a small printing company. A new employee, Mark McCabe, is joining your company on 10th May. Write a short memo to your office administrator: Saying who is starting work and when; Telling him what Mark McCabe’s job will be; Suggesting where Mark McCabe’s desk should be put;
Write 30-40 words on your answer sheet.
Part Two You were sent on a residential training course for five days. Unfortunately the course was very badly run and there were a lot of problems with it. The advert below shows the details of the course, together with your comments.
Write a report for your manager on the course (100-120 words). Des