GRE填空總結(jié)和GRE類反總結(jié)

字號(hào):

關(guān)鍵詞:關(guān)鍵詞指與空格發(fā)生關(guān)系的詞,關(guān)鍵詞都為實(shí)詞(n, v, adj, adv) 以下是關(guān)鍵詞所在:
    <1>主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的具有強(qiáng)烈感情色彩的修飾語(yǔ)
    <2>謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的具有強(qiáng)烈感情色彩的修飾語(yǔ)
    <3>人物或事物的特征身份,性格,動(dòng)作
    <4>與空格在句子構(gòu)成中起到的相同作用的詞匯或短語(yǔ)
    <5>空格之后緊密跟隨的短語(yǔ),分句
    Be 動(dòng)詞后判斷性adj,解題切入點(diǎn)
    同義關(guān)系同義詞法:
    <1>并列關(guān)系:and, also , or, not only…but also,
    注意:or多數(shù)引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)部分的并列關(guān)系,或者兩個(gè)句子之間的并列關(guān)系;or之前給出否定副詞without,not,no, or引導(dǎo)并列
    <2>遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:indeed(表示對(duì)原有狀況的加強(qiáng)), almost, even, not only…but also,
    as…even as…遞進(jìn)關(guān)系
    <3>因果關(guān)系相同:
    Because, since, for, if , thus, hence, so…that…, so…as to…, therefore, if…then, consequently, as a result, accordingly, in that, so much…as, result in, result form, cause, give rise to(導(dǎo)致。。。的興趣),derive form(由。。。導(dǎo)致的),be due to, lead to(導(dǎo)致)
    1.因果褒貶相同,感情色彩保持一致
    2.手段-目的/結(jié)果 by, for, in order to, in an effort to 引導(dǎo)
    3.By引導(dǎo)手段和目的之間的關(guān)系;手段和結(jié)果之間的因果關(guān)系。
    4.原因從句:when , which, what, where, who
    5.分詞短語(yǔ),不定式在句首的表目的/原因/結(jié)果
    <4>短語(yǔ)同義
    現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ),過去分詞短語(yǔ),形容詞短語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ)短語(yǔ),不定式短語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ)
    <5>動(dòng)詞邏輯關(guān)系相同:be, suggest, represent, reveal, show, manifest, embody, seem, be prone to, intend to, facilitate, brook, appear, necessitate, reflect, continue(to do), remain
    <6>個(gè)體性格,行為,語(yǔ)言,態(tài)度及其相關(guān)事物的相同
    物主代詞是解題重點(diǎn)
    <7>重復(fù)句型/解釋句型:
    標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào):冒號(hào)(:)和分號(hào)(;)
    冒號(hào)(:)表示上下兩句話間的因果解釋關(guān)系
    分號(hào)(;)引導(dǎo)上下兩句話間的并列關(guān)系
    注意:分號(hào)的后面yet, however, but否定了分號(hào)引導(dǎo)的并列關(guān)系
    對(duì)立關(guān)系反義詞法:
    <1>讓步轉(zhuǎn)折相反:but, yet, however, although, even though, while, whereas, despite, in spite of, in contrast(to), on the contrary, on the other hand, whatever, otherwise, rather than, far from, instead of, nevertheless
    注意:while在句首,引導(dǎo)上下2句的轉(zhuǎn)折;while在句中要分析它之前的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào):
    冒號(hào)分號(hào)-上下2句的轉(zhuǎn)折
    (while+ in fact/ in actually)逗號(hào),.--多數(shù)表轉(zhuǎn)折
    (while+ ving 同時(shí))無(wú)標(biāo)點(diǎn)--表示同時(shí)
    But: 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是but后面的詞 a skeptical but enlightened
    否定的也是but后面的詞
    Adj1+but+adj2兩個(gè)adj都修飾一個(gè)名詞:兩個(gè)adj不能是對(duì)立面的轉(zhuǎn)折詞;多數(shù)是感情色彩的褒貶反義詞;多數(shù)是程度轉(zhuǎn)折詞。
    分隔由whatever, instead of , yet, but, very(表轉(zhuǎn)折)引導(dǎo)時(shí),為反義重復(fù)前文
    <2>特殊含義詞相反,適得其反
    Ironically(具有諷刺性的),illogically(不合邏輯的),paradoxically(矛盾的),unfortunately(不幸的),surprise(ly)(令人感到驚訝的),curious(ly)(好奇的),puzzle(迷惑),shock(震驚)
    <3> 動(dòng)詞邏輯關(guān)系相反
    Give way to A給B讓路,repress壓制,be challenged by, be discredited by, shift/turn/decay/change/from…to…
    <4>時(shí)間意義上的相反:current, recently, now, future, early, begin, start, create, once, formerly, initially, pristine, incipient, before, no longer, until
    Until在。。。之前,時(shí)間提示,單獨(dú)使用相當(dāng)與before ( 注意與not…until的區(qū)別)
    快捷方式:
    <1>轉(zhuǎn)折部分中有否定詞, 把轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系抵消了
    <2>轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系中主/謂/賓的轉(zhuǎn)換:主/謂/賓構(gòu)成的句子,在上下文構(gòu)成相反時(shí),必然是主/謂/賓其中某個(gè)部分形成對(duì)立關(guān)系
    <3>原因中的插入性轉(zhuǎn)折
    Because..,although….,
    <4>一些特殊觀點(diǎn)
    1. 歷史和文學(xué):ets認(rèn)為歷史和文學(xué)是不相關(guān)聯(lián)的
    2. 宗教,黨派,特殊人物,事物等專有名詞,以及特殊任務(wù)之特定動(dòng)作
    Cynical憤世嫉俗的,考adj時(shí)找對(duì)別人嘲笑,諷刺,挖苦,不相信的特點(diǎn);考v時(shí),找一般人不會(huì)做的詞語(yǔ)
    <5>連鎖排除法:1:4的關(guān)系(或2:3),選1選2
    題眼突破:
    1. 空格內(nèi)容的對(duì)應(yīng)部分,既與空格在文中起到相同成分作用的詞匯或短語(yǔ)
    2. 緊隨空格的分詞,短語(yǔ)或分句(解題時(shí),將這部分內(nèi)容往前推理)
    3. 特征人物或事(critics, bibliographer, catalyst)這些人物或事一出現(xiàn),干的活或擁有的功能只能是其所特有的本行
    4. 替代指向關(guān)系,he, she, they, this, that, these, it,尤其是such等構(gòu)成替代指向關(guān)系