新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課堂筆記:第3課

字號(hào):

Lesson 3 Please send me a card
    ★New words and expressions
    ☆send v.寄
    寄信:send a letter
    用法:send sth to sb/send sb sth
    類似的用法還有g(shù)ive,take,pass,read,sell...
    send/take children to school
    區(qū)別:take:強(qiáng)調(diào)某人親自送;
    send則是通過(guò)第三人去送,如美國(guó)的校車
    本課重點(diǎn):雙賓語(yǔ)
    雙賓語(yǔ)指直接賓語(yǔ)(表示動(dòng)作結(jié)果)和間接賓語(yǔ)(表示動(dòng)作目標(biāo))
    如在give sb sth中,sb是間接賓語(yǔ),sth是直接賓語(yǔ)
    如果不是為了以后講語(yǔ)法,不用分清什么是間接賓語(yǔ),什么是直接賓語(yǔ),只需把用法記住即可。
    間接賓語(yǔ)在后面時(shí),其前必須加to(對(duì)……而做,翻譯為“給”)或for(為……而做,翻譯為“替”)
    可以翻譯為“給”,“替”,“為”的,就用for;如果只能翻譯為“給”就以用to
    give a book to me;I buy a book for you.
    總結(jié):用for的詞:buy,order,make,find
    Do me a favor please.=Do a favor for me.
    ☆postcard n.明信片
    [注意]/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音
    簡(jiǎn)寫為card,由此引申出:
    namecard/visiting card:名片
    ID card:身份證
    credit card:信用卡
    cash card
    ☆spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v.使索然無(wú)味,損壞(重點(diǎn)詞)
    幾種破壞:
    打破玻璃用break;
    damage:破壞,但是程度不一定很重;
    destroy:破壞,徹底摧毀;
    以上三個(gè)是指物理上的破壞,而spoil主要指精神上
    spoil:把東西的質(zhì)量變得不好了;生活中不順心的事。
    1.寵壞。His parents spoiled the boy.
    2.毀了某人心情。His arrival spoiled my holiday.
    ☆museum n.博物館
    那么多博物館一定要記住我們的Palace Museum(故宮)哦
    ☆public adj.公共的
    這個(gè)詞我們?cè)诘谝徽n見過(guò)了,基本用法和private一起記。下面再說(shuō)兩點(diǎn):
    1.public house簡(jiǎn)稱pub:酒吧
    2.in public:公開的;in private:私下里的
    ☆friendly adj.友好的
    以-ly結(jié)尾是形容詞,同樣的還有l(wèi)ovely
    friendly單獨(dú)用,一般做賓語(yǔ)來(lái)用
    作為狀語(yǔ)表示這個(gè)人做什么事情很友好,用短語(yǔ)in a friendly way
    ☆waiter n.服務(wù)員,招待員
    waiter(男服務(wù)員),waitress(女服務(wù)員),只出現(xiàn)在餐館里
    領(lǐng)班:chief waiter
    商店里的店員:shop assistant
    其他公共場(chǎng)所的服務(wù)員:attendant
    ☆lend v.借給 lend to
    借進(jìn):borrow borrow from
    ☆decision n.決定
    make a big/great decision
    v.decide
    ☆whole adj.整個(gè)的
    the whole...
    all the...
    all of后面如果加代詞,代詞前面不需要修飾詞
    一旦要加名詞,前面一定要加the
    all of us;all of the students
    ★Text
    Postcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer,I went to Italy.I visited the museums and sat in public gardens.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Then he lent me a book.I read a few lines.I did not understand a word.Everyday I thought about postcards.On the last day,I made a big decision.I got up early and bought thiry-seven cards.I spent the whole day in my room,but I did not write a single card!
    ☆語(yǔ)言不可數(shù),所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian
    ☆think about/of 考慮,思考,think of還可指想到
    think over:仔細(xì)考慮
    What do you think of the weather today?
    冷:cold,chilly(凜冽),freeze:I'll freeze.(凍僵)
    ☆last summer里的last表示“上一個(gè)”
    the last day里的last表示“后一個(gè)”,表示“后一個(gè)”時(shí)要加冠詞the,這時(shí)前面要加介詞
    ☆spend+時(shí)間+地點(diǎn)
    eg:I spent three hours in the sea.
    I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)