In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.
By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.
In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.
In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.
詞匯：
spot n. 地點，斑點，斑塊，青春痘
lymph n. 淋巴結(jié)
sarcoma n. 腫瘤，肉瘤，惡性毒瘤
exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗盡，精疲力竭
immunologist n. 免疫學(xué)家
malfunction n. 故障，失靈，疾病
count n. 計數(shù)，計算
infection n. 傳染病，感染
breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩潰
toll n. 代價，死亡人數(shù)
intravenous drug n. 靜脈注射藥物
abnmalities n. (abnmality的復(fù)數(shù)形式)畸形，異常情況
blood transfusion n. 輸血
symptom n. 癥狀
virologist n. 病毒學(xué)家
virus n. 病毒
panel n. 座談小組，儀表板
hemophiliac n. 血友病患者
vaccine n. 疫苗
注釋：
1.play a key role...扮演一個關(guān)鍵角色，有至關(guān)重要的作用
2.be responsible f...對……負責，是……的原因
3.can be eradicated可以被根除的
練習(xí)：
1.This passage is mainly about ____.
A the spreading of the disease known as HIV
B the wk of Dr. Robert Gallo
C infectious diseases
D the symptoms of HIV
2.A T-cell is a ____.
A patient’s blood
B deadly strain of tuberculosis
C white blood cell imptant in providingimmunity to disease
D red blood cell
3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists ____.
A have no hope in ever finding a cure fHIV
B have hope that a cure f HIV will befound
C have run out of time to find a cure fHIV
D are in a contest against each other tofind a cure f HIV
4.The basic pattern used to develop this passage is ____.
A chronological der
B personal narrative
C comparison contrast
D question answer
5.The wd u eradicated the last paragraph means ____.
A made extreme
B celebrated
C remove by rubbing
D gotten rid of entirely
答案與題解：
1.A 從開始的介紹，到后面的講述，不難看出本篇文章主要講述的是艾滋病在美國的傳播，從第二段中的最后一句話可以看出，人們最初對艾滋病的冠名是在1982年7月，而那時全美已有病例471起，并有184人死亡了，因此可以推斷出是講該病毒的傳播的。
2.C 在第一段最后，講述了一種特別的白細胞即T細胞，并對它進行了定義，它是免疫應(yīng)用中期關(guān)鍵作用的細胞，因此答案是選項。
3.B 文章最后一段的最后一句話提到了解題線索，即現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家正在測試預(yù)防艾滋病的疫苗，他們相信，如果該病毒能被抑制，就可能被根治。
4.A 該題為對文章線索總結(jié)題，chronological der意思為“按照時間次序”，chronological意思為“時間的”，從該文中的幾個時間點來看，人們對于艾滋病的接觸、了解、應(yīng)對、研究，應(yīng)該是按照不同年份進行的，故答案為選項A。
5.D 本題為詞義推斷題，eradicate的本義為“根除”，本題的解題線索在最后一段最后一句話的前半句，即“Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed”，只要了解suppress的詞義，即“抑制”，那么結(jié)合后面then(于是，那么)這個關(guān)聯(lián)詞就可以推斷出后面的動詞短語應(yīng)該和“根治”有關(guān)，本題選項中的前三個選項均不含該意思，故答案為選項D。選項A為“成為極端”，選項B為“慶?！?，選項C為“通過摩擦被消除”，和前句大意均不相符。
By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.
In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.
In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.
詞匯：
spot n. 地點，斑點，斑塊，青春痘
lymph n. 淋巴結(jié)
sarcoma n. 腫瘤，肉瘤，惡性毒瘤
exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗盡，精疲力竭
immunologist n. 免疫學(xué)家
malfunction n. 故障，失靈，疾病
count n. 計數(shù)，計算
infection n. 傳染病，感染
breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩潰
toll n. 代價，死亡人數(shù)
intravenous drug n. 靜脈注射藥物
abnmalities n. (abnmality的復(fù)數(shù)形式)畸形，異常情況
blood transfusion n. 輸血
symptom n. 癥狀
virologist n. 病毒學(xué)家
virus n. 病毒
panel n. 座談小組，儀表板
hemophiliac n. 血友病患者
vaccine n. 疫苗
注釋：
1.play a key role...扮演一個關(guān)鍵角色，有至關(guān)重要的作用
2.be responsible f...對……負責，是……的原因
3.can be eradicated可以被根除的
練習(xí)：
1.This passage is mainly about ____.
A the spreading of the disease known as HIV
B the wk of Dr. Robert Gallo
C infectious diseases
D the symptoms of HIV
2.A T-cell is a ____.
A patient’s blood
B deadly strain of tuberculosis
C white blood cell imptant in providingimmunity to disease
D red blood cell
3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists ____.
A have no hope in ever finding a cure fHIV
B have hope that a cure f HIV will befound
C have run out of time to find a cure fHIV
D are in a contest against each other tofind a cure f HIV
4.The basic pattern used to develop this passage is ____.
A chronological der
B personal narrative
C comparison contrast
D question answer
5.The wd u eradicated the last paragraph means ____.
A made extreme
B celebrated
C remove by rubbing
D gotten rid of entirely
答案與題解：
1.A 從開始的介紹，到后面的講述，不難看出本篇文章主要講述的是艾滋病在美國的傳播，從第二段中的最后一句話可以看出，人們最初對艾滋病的冠名是在1982年7月，而那時全美已有病例471起，并有184人死亡了，因此可以推斷出是講該病毒的傳播的。
2.C 在第一段最后，講述了一種特別的白細胞即T細胞，并對它進行了定義，它是免疫應(yīng)用中期關(guān)鍵作用的細胞，因此答案是選項。
3.B 文章最后一段的最后一句話提到了解題線索，即現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家正在測試預(yù)防艾滋病的疫苗，他們相信，如果該病毒能被抑制，就可能被根治。
4.A 該題為對文章線索總結(jié)題，chronological der意思為“按照時間次序”，chronological意思為“時間的”，從該文中的幾個時間點來看，人們對于艾滋病的接觸、了解、應(yīng)對、研究，應(yīng)該是按照不同年份進行的，故答案為選項A。
5.D 本題為詞義推斷題，eradicate的本義為“根除”，本題的解題線索在最后一段最后一句話的前半句，即“Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed”，只要了解suppress的詞義，即“抑制”，那么結(jié)合后面then(于是，那么)這個關(guān)聯(lián)詞就可以推斷出后面的動詞短語應(yīng)該和“根治”有關(guān)，本題選項中的前三個選項均不含該意思，故答案為選項D。選項A為“成為極端”，選項B為“慶?！?，選項C為“通過摩擦被消除”，和前句大意均不相符。