Allergy has become me me common over the last 30 years. Now one-thirdof us are affected by allergy at some point in our lives half of thesesufferers are children. In the UK, three million people suffer from asthma, five per cent of children suffer from food allergy.
Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system has astrange unnecessary reaction to a substance which is nmally harmless,such as pollen peanuts. ____1____ To defend your body against an attacker,the immune system remembers these dangerous micro-ganisms attacks them ifit meets them again. This wk is done by antibodies. The immune system inallergy sufferers makes antibodies against harmless substances, because itmistakenly believes them to be dangerous.
An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meetsan allergen (the substance causing the reaction, such as pollen, milk strawberries). Sometimes people can eat nuts f years then suddenly becomeallergic to them. What has happened is that the immune system has now decidedthe substance is dangerous has made an allergy antibody. This antibody thenattaches itself to cells, which contain histamine. ____2____ As they do that,the surface of the cells is broken, histamine is released. The histamine other chemicals inflame the tissues. This leads to the symptoms of allergy,such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, se eyes breathlessness. Anaphylaxisis the most severe allergic reaction of all is most often triggered by wasp bee stings peanuts. This must be treated immediately.
____3____ Some people are bn with the ability to make lots ofallergy antibodies, they are me likely to develop allergies allergicdisders such as hay fever asthma.
____4____ We eat me processed foods, with a wide range of additives colourings; me me people have central heating double glazing,making our houses warmer less draughty-an ideal environment to breed thehouse dust mite.
There may also be a link between allergies antibiotics. At onetime our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease trying to winthe battle f health, but antibiotics have reduced the amount of wk ourimmune systems have to do. Now experts think they may direct spare energy toharmless substances such as strawberries. ____5____
A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure fallergies. Sufferers may be given medicine to control symptoms, they mayalso be offered tests to find out what substances trigger an allergic reactionso that they can avoid contact with these in future.
詞匯：
allergy n. 過敏，過敏癥
sufferer n. 患者，受害者
asthma n. 哮喘
substance n. 物質(zhì)
pollen n. 花粉
micro-ganism n. 微生物
antibodies n. antibody的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為抗體
allergen n. 過敏源
nut n. 堅(jiān)果
histamine n. 組織胺，組胺
tissue n. 人體組織
symptom n. 病癥，征兆
rash n. 皰疹
sneezing n. 打噴嚏
breathlessness n. 呼吸急促，氣喘吁吁
anaphylaxis n. 全身性過敏反應(yīng)，過敏反應(yīng)
wasp n. 黃蜂
sting n. 蟄，咬
hayfever n. 枯草熱，花粉病
additives n. 添加劑，食品添加劑
cure n. 治療，解藥
注釋：
1.suffer from...忍受^的折磨
2.be devoted to sth. ...全身心投入于^
練習(xí)：
AThe immune system is there to protect the body against outsideattackers, including viruses, bacteria parasites.
BIn other wds our immune systems have become over-sensitive.
CAllergies run in families.
DInternational differences have been associated with the number ofindividuals within a population have allergy.
EWhen the antibodies meet the allergen the next time, they attempt todestroy it.
FExperts believe me people have developed allergies because ofchanges in our lifestyle which have exposed us to me allergens.
答案與題解：
1.A 該是對機(jī)體免疫系統(tǒng)功能的介紹，而文中對免疫系統(tǒng)的首次提及是在該選項(xiàng)的上一句話，即描述過敏反應(yīng)是免疫系統(tǒng)的活動，該選項(xiàng)故而可被視為是對上一句話的補(bǔ)充與說明。
2.E 本題做題線索有兩點(diǎn)，首先是上下文，本段前幾句都是對抗體的描述與介紹，故與選項(xiàng)E主題相符，同時(shí)第二個(gè)做題點(diǎn)為邏輯順序詞，本段的第一句話中提到了An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meetsan allergen，而該選項(xiàng)中又有了the next time，這兩個(gè)邏輯順序詞也構(gòu)成了解題線索。
3.C 該選項(xiàng)在文章的第四段，講的是過敏反應(yīng)在特殊人群中的反應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)C的意思為“過敏反應(yīng)是具有遺傳性的”，與該段后一句some people are bn with the ability...相對應(yīng)。
4.F 文章第五段主要講的是能導(dǎo)致過敏反應(yīng)的兩個(gè)例子，缺少中心句，而選項(xiàng)C恰好能對這兩個(gè)例子進(jìn)行概括說明，故答案為選項(xiàng)C。
5.B 該選項(xiàng)為概括總結(jié)項(xiàng)，是對前文說的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，該段的前面部分提及的是抗生素與過敏反應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系，即其對于人體免疫系統(tǒng)的影響，而該選項(xiàng)則是一個(gè)結(jié)果性的描述，即免疫系統(tǒng)變得過于敏感了，其可對前文中抗生素的作用進(jìn)行總結(jié)說明。
Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system has astrange unnecessary reaction to a substance which is nmally harmless,such as pollen peanuts. ____1____ To defend your body against an attacker,the immune system remembers these dangerous micro-ganisms attacks them ifit meets them again. This wk is done by antibodies. The immune system inallergy sufferers makes antibodies against harmless substances, because itmistakenly believes them to be dangerous.
An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meetsan allergen (the substance causing the reaction, such as pollen, milk strawberries). Sometimes people can eat nuts f years then suddenly becomeallergic to them. What has happened is that the immune system has now decidedthe substance is dangerous has made an allergy antibody. This antibody thenattaches itself to cells, which contain histamine. ____2____ As they do that,the surface of the cells is broken, histamine is released. The histamine other chemicals inflame the tissues. This leads to the symptoms of allergy,such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, se eyes breathlessness. Anaphylaxisis the most severe allergic reaction of all is most often triggered by wasp bee stings peanuts. This must be treated immediately.
____3____ Some people are bn with the ability to make lots ofallergy antibodies, they are me likely to develop allergies allergicdisders such as hay fever asthma.
____4____ We eat me processed foods, with a wide range of additives colourings; me me people have central heating double glazing,making our houses warmer less draughty-an ideal environment to breed thehouse dust mite.
There may also be a link between allergies antibiotics. At onetime our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease trying to winthe battle f health, but antibiotics have reduced the amount of wk ourimmune systems have to do. Now experts think they may direct spare energy toharmless substances such as strawberries. ____5____
A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure fallergies. Sufferers may be given medicine to control symptoms, they mayalso be offered tests to find out what substances trigger an allergic reactionso that they can avoid contact with these in future.
詞匯：
allergy n. 過敏，過敏癥
sufferer n. 患者，受害者
asthma n. 哮喘
substance n. 物質(zhì)
pollen n. 花粉
micro-ganism n. 微生物
antibodies n. antibody的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為抗體
allergen n. 過敏源
nut n. 堅(jiān)果
histamine n. 組織胺，組胺
tissue n. 人體組織
symptom n. 病癥，征兆
rash n. 皰疹
sneezing n. 打噴嚏
breathlessness n. 呼吸急促，氣喘吁吁
anaphylaxis n. 全身性過敏反應(yīng)，過敏反應(yīng)
wasp n. 黃蜂
sting n. 蟄，咬
hayfever n. 枯草熱，花粉病
additives n. 添加劑，食品添加劑
cure n. 治療，解藥
注釋：
1.suffer from...忍受^的折磨
2.be devoted to sth. ...全身心投入于^
練習(xí)：
AThe immune system is there to protect the body against outsideattackers, including viruses, bacteria parasites.
BIn other wds our immune systems have become over-sensitive.
CAllergies run in families.
DInternational differences have been associated with the number ofindividuals within a population have allergy.
EWhen the antibodies meet the allergen the next time, they attempt todestroy it.
FExperts believe me people have developed allergies because ofchanges in our lifestyle which have exposed us to me allergens.
答案與題解：
1.A 該是對機(jī)體免疫系統(tǒng)功能的介紹，而文中對免疫系統(tǒng)的首次提及是在該選項(xiàng)的上一句話，即描述過敏反應(yīng)是免疫系統(tǒng)的活動，該選項(xiàng)故而可被視為是對上一句話的補(bǔ)充與說明。
2.E 本題做題線索有兩點(diǎn)，首先是上下文，本段前幾句都是對抗體的描述與介紹，故與選項(xiàng)E主題相符，同時(shí)第二個(gè)做題點(diǎn)為邏輯順序詞，本段的第一句話中提到了An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meetsan allergen，而該選項(xiàng)中又有了the next time，這兩個(gè)邏輯順序詞也構(gòu)成了解題線索。
3.C 該選項(xiàng)在文章的第四段，講的是過敏反應(yīng)在特殊人群中的反應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)C的意思為“過敏反應(yīng)是具有遺傳性的”，與該段后一句some people are bn with the ability...相對應(yīng)。
4.F 文章第五段主要講的是能導(dǎo)致過敏反應(yīng)的兩個(gè)例子，缺少中心句，而選項(xiàng)C恰好能對這兩個(gè)例子進(jìn)行概括說明，故答案為選項(xiàng)C。
5.B 該選項(xiàng)為概括總結(jié)項(xiàng)，是對前文說的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，該段的前面部分提及的是抗生素與過敏反應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系，即其對于人體免疫系統(tǒng)的影響，而該選項(xiàng)則是一個(gè)結(jié)果性的描述，即免疫系統(tǒng)變得過于敏感了，其可對前文中抗生素的作用進(jìn)行總結(jié)說明。