★以下是英文寫作翻譯頻道為大家整理的《初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的五點(diǎn)變化》，供大家參考。更多內(nèi)容請(qǐng)看本站寫作翻譯頻道。
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的五點(diǎn)變化
1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常要將時(shí)態(tài)往后推一個(gè)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)也變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)，等等(若直接引語(yǔ)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)可以不變)。另外，若直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may等，也應(yīng)變成過(guò)去式could, might等(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must可以變?yōu)閔ad to，也可不變，should, ought to, had better 等可以不變)：
“I want to stay here.” he said. 他說(shuō)：“我想留在這兒。”
→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他說(shuō)他想留在那兒。
She said, “It’s raining very hard.” 他說(shuō)：“雨下得很大?！?BR> →He said that it was raining very hard. 他說(shuō)雨下得很大。
Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.” 吉姆說(shuō)：“我會(huì)講漢語(yǔ)?！?BR> →Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆說(shuō)他會(huì)講漢語(yǔ)
(1) 若直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理，則變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變：
He said, “The sun rises in the east.” 他說(shuō)：“太陽(yáng)從東方升起?！?BR> →He said that the sun rises in the east. 他說(shuō)太陽(yáng)從東方升起。
(2) 有時(shí)由于直接引語(yǔ)有特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)也可不變：
He said, “ was born in 1988.” 說(shuō)：“我是1988年生的?！?BR> →He said that he was born in 1988. 他說(shuō)他是1988年生的。
2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)根據(jù)情況也要相應(yīng)的改動(dòng)：如將now改為then，將today 改為that day，將tonight改為that night，將yesterday改為the day before，將this month改為that month，將last week改為the week before，將three years ago改為three years before，將tomorrow改為the next day，將next year改為the next year，等等：
He said, “I’m very busy now.” 他說(shuō)：“我現(xiàn)在很忙?！?BR> →He said that he was very busy then. 他說(shuō)他當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。
He said, “I want to leave today.” 他說(shuō)：“他想今天離開?！?BR> →He said that he wanted to leave that day. 他說(shuō)他想那天就離開。
He said, “She left yesterday.” 他說(shuō)：“她昨天離開了。”
→He said that she had left the day before. 他說(shuō)她前一天就離開了。
She said, “I’ll tell you tomorrow.” 她說(shuō)：“我明天告訴你?！?BR> →She said that she would tell me the next day. 她說(shuō)她第二天告訴我。
以上變化有時(shí)應(yīng)視情況而定，若在當(dāng)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)述，now不必改為then;若在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改為that day, the day before, the next day等;若在當(dāng)周轉(zhuǎn)述，this week, last week 不必改為that week, the last week;若在當(dāng)年轉(zhuǎn)述，this year, last year 不必改為that year, the last year等。
3. 代詞的變化
在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有些代詞也要作相應(yīng)的變化，如指示代詞this和these通常變?yōu)閠hat和those。同時(shí)人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞等也要根據(jù)具體情況作出合理的調(diào)整：
He said, “This is my seat.” 他說(shuō)：“這是我的座位?！?BR> →He said that that was his seat. 他說(shuō)那是他的座位。
“I can look after myself.” she said. 她說(shuō)：“我能照顧自己。”
→She said that she could look after herself. 她說(shuō)他能照顧自己。
若場(chǎng)所和地點(diǎn)不發(fā)生改變，this和that也可以不變。
4. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化
主要涉及的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)是here，它在間接引語(yǔ)中通常要變?yōu)閠here：
“I live here now.” he said. 他說(shuō)：“我現(xiàn)在住在這里?！?BR> →He said that he lived there then. 他說(shuō)他當(dāng)時(shí)住在那兒。
若在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，則here也可不必改為there。
5. 動(dòng)詞的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有個(gè)別動(dòng)詞也可能需要改變，如come改為go，bring改為take等：
“He will come today.” she said. 她說(shuō)：“他今天會(huì)來(lái)?！?BR> →She said that he would go that day. 她說(shuō)他那天會(huì)去。
若地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)所未發(fā)生改變，come和bring等也可不變。
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的五點(diǎn)變化
1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常要將時(shí)態(tài)往后推一個(gè)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)也變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)，等等(若直接引語(yǔ)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)可以不變)。另外，若直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may等，也應(yīng)變成過(guò)去式could, might等(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must可以變?yōu)閔ad to，也可不變，should, ought to, had better 等可以不變)：
“I want to stay here.” he said. 他說(shuō)：“我想留在這兒。”
→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他說(shuō)他想留在那兒。
She said, “It’s raining very hard.” 他說(shuō)：“雨下得很大?！?BR> →He said that it was raining very hard. 他說(shuō)雨下得很大。
Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.” 吉姆說(shuō)：“我會(huì)講漢語(yǔ)?！?BR> →Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆說(shuō)他會(huì)講漢語(yǔ)
(1) 若直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理，則變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變：
He said, “The sun rises in the east.” 他說(shuō)：“太陽(yáng)從東方升起?！?BR> →He said that the sun rises in the east. 他說(shuō)太陽(yáng)從東方升起。
(2) 有時(shí)由于直接引語(yǔ)有特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)也可不變：
He said, “ was born in 1988.” 說(shuō)：“我是1988年生的?！?BR> →He said that he was born in 1988. 他說(shuō)他是1988年生的。
2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)根據(jù)情況也要相應(yīng)的改動(dòng)：如將now改為then，將today 改為that day，將tonight改為that night，將yesterday改為the day before，將this month改為that month，將last week改為the week before，將three years ago改為three years before，將tomorrow改為the next day，將next year改為the next year，等等：
He said, “I’m very busy now.” 他說(shuō)：“我現(xiàn)在很忙?！?BR> →He said that he was very busy then. 他說(shuō)他當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。
He said, “I want to leave today.” 他說(shuō)：“他想今天離開?！?BR> →He said that he wanted to leave that day. 他說(shuō)他想那天就離開。
He said, “She left yesterday.” 他說(shuō)：“她昨天離開了。”
→He said that she had left the day before. 他說(shuō)她前一天就離開了。
She said, “I’ll tell you tomorrow.” 她說(shuō)：“我明天告訴你?！?BR> →She said that she would tell me the next day. 她說(shuō)她第二天告訴我。
以上變化有時(shí)應(yīng)視情況而定，若在當(dāng)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)述，now不必改為then;若在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改為that day, the day before, the next day等;若在當(dāng)周轉(zhuǎn)述，this week, last week 不必改為that week, the last week;若在當(dāng)年轉(zhuǎn)述，this year, last year 不必改為that year, the last year等。
3. 代詞的變化
在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有些代詞也要作相應(yīng)的變化，如指示代詞this和these通常變?yōu)閠hat和those。同時(shí)人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞等也要根據(jù)具體情況作出合理的調(diào)整：
He said, “This is my seat.” 他說(shuō)：“這是我的座位?！?BR> →He said that that was his seat. 他說(shuō)那是他的座位。
“I can look after myself.” she said. 她說(shuō)：“我能照顧自己。”
→She said that she could look after herself. 她說(shuō)他能照顧自己。
若場(chǎng)所和地點(diǎn)不發(fā)生改變，this和that也可以不變。
4. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化
主要涉及的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)是here，它在間接引語(yǔ)中通常要變?yōu)閠here：
“I live here now.” he said. 他說(shuō)：“我現(xiàn)在住在這里?！?BR> →He said that he lived there then. 他說(shuō)他當(dāng)時(shí)住在那兒。
若在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，則here也可不必改為there。
5. 動(dòng)詞的變化
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，有個(gè)別動(dòng)詞也可能需要改變，如come改為go，bring改為take等：
“He will come today.” she said. 她說(shuō)：“他今天會(huì)來(lái)?！?BR> →She said that he would go that day. 她說(shuō)他那天會(huì)去。
若地點(diǎn)和場(chǎng)所未發(fā)生改變，come和bring等也可不變。