冠詞
考點(diǎn)一：a/an的區(qū)別
a用在輔音因素開(kāi)頭的單詞前，an用在元音因素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。提醒：與字母無(wú)關(guān)。
①以下字母前用an：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x
an NBA star, a UFO, an ORBIS doctor, a UNICEF worker
Lin Shuhao, now _______ NBA star, used to be a student of the Harvard University. (白下)
A. a B. the C. an D. /
②數(shù)字8,11前用an。an 8-year-old boy, a 110-word letter
③首字母不發(fā)音的單詞：hour, honest。an hour, an honest boy
— Do you know _________ man on TV? — Yes, he is _________ honest person. (高淳一模)
A. a; an B. an; the C. the; an D. the; a
④以u(píng)開(kāi)頭的單詞如果發(fā)/ju:/，則用a。a university, a useful book, an umbrella, an uncle
1. — Kobe Bryant is _______ unusual basketball player. (六合一模)
— So he is. He plays _______ basketball very well.
A. an; / B. an; the C. a; the D. a; /
2. —What do you want to be when you grow up，Eric? (江寧一模)
—I want to be__________ university professor. That’s my dream.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
考點(diǎn)二：the, a 區(qū)別。the是特指，a是泛指。
—Can you remember when Mr. Green left _____ city? (玄武)
—Sorry, I can’t. I only remember it was _____ Monday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. a; a D. a; /
考點(diǎn)三：“a+比較級(jí)+名詞”，表示“一個(gè)更……的……”
Seeing from the top of Yuhuatai, we will have _______ better view. (雨花一模)
A. a B. an C. the D. /
考點(diǎn)四：“the+比較級(jí)”特指兩者中“更……”，一般與of the two連用。
Of the two sisters, Lucy is___ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (高淳)
A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest
考點(diǎn)五：零冠詞
①名詞前已有指示代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞或名詞所有格等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，用零冠詞。
—I can't believe I failed ______ yesterday’s test! What shall I do? (玄武一模)
—Don’t worry. I am sure you can make it if you work harder.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
②三餐、球類(lèi)、學(xué)科前。
—What do you usually have for _________breakfast, Mr. Green? (江寧)
—Two pieces of bread and a glass of milk.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
③與by連用的交通工具名詞前。提醒：by sea 乘船 by the sea在海邊
名詞
考點(diǎn)一：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
記住以下各詞復(fù)數(shù)形式所代表的類(lèi)型：
life, hero, study, mouth, sheep, fish, toothbrush, a man teacher, boy students, twin brothers
1. The soldiers coming to help people in Yushu county are also_______(英雄) in my mind. (高淳)
2. ________ (wolf) belong to the dog family, living and hunting together. (白下)
考點(diǎn)二：名詞的所有格
①記住以下所有格形式：Lily and Lucy’s mother, Tom’s and Mary’s bags, someone else’s pencil
②雙重所有格：a friend of mine, some books of my father’s
③表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市等無(wú)生命的名詞，也可以在詞尾加-‘s構(gòu)成所有格。
today’s news, ten minutes’ walk/ride/drive, last year’s cards, Beijing’s past and present
1. After several ________(week) study, the American students found Chinese interesting to learn.
(建鄴一模)
2. It is about ten _________ (分鐘) walk from the centre of the city to my school. (江寧一模)
考點(diǎn)三：復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞用單數(shù) an 8-year-old boy
—How amazing the noodle is! (玄武)
—Yes, it is ___, and breaks the Guiness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.
A. 1704-meter-long B. 1704-meters-long
C. 1704 meter long D. 1704 meters long
考點(diǎn)四：十二大不可數(shù)名詞：
work, weather, food, fun, advice, traffic, music, information, news, knowledge, progress, furniture
1. ---________ unusual music he is playing! (高淳)
--- Yes, all of the students are losing themselves in it.
A. What B. What an C. How a D. How
2. The ORBIS doctors teach the locals new skills and _________ (知識(shí)). (溧水)
3. I have just moved into a new flat and I need to buy some ____________ (furniture). (溧水)
4. Our English teacher gave us many (建議) on the study of a foreign language. (白下) 代詞
考點(diǎn)一：both, all, none, neither, either辨析
1._______ of the boy’s parents is in. They are having their holiday in Australia. (高淳)
A. None B. Both C. Neither D. Either
2. Amy doesn’t like wearing the blue sweater. Annie doesn’t like it, ________ (也). (江寧)
3. —Which shirt will you take, the white one or the blue one? (白下一模)
— _______, just for a change.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
考點(diǎn)二：other, the other, another, others辨析
1. New Zealand has two islands. One is North Island and_______ is South Island. (聯(lián)合體)
A. another B. the other C. other D. the others
考點(diǎn)三：涉及“二”和“三”的代詞
1. —When shall we meet again next week? (高淳一模)
— _______ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Every B. Any C. Either D. Neither
2. You may send me a short message or just give me a call. _______ will do. (雨花一模)
A. None B. Either C. All D. Neither
考點(diǎn)四：it用作形式賓語(yǔ)和形式主語(yǔ)。
①find/make/think it +adj. +to do sth
②It’s +adj. +for sb./of sb. +to do sth
③It’s +adj+that+從句
④It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who…
考點(diǎn)五：人稱(chēng)代詞的主格和賓格。
以下詞組用賓格：teach us English, hear from you, belong to me
考點(diǎn)六：物主代詞
①his和its既是形容詞性物主代詞也是名詞性物主代詞。
Their English teacher is from America, while________(we) comes from England. (高淳)
考點(diǎn)七：反身代詞
①記住以下涉及反身代詞的詞組：
teach oneself, learn by oneself, enjoy oneself, help oneself to…, come to oneself,
hurt oneself, weigh oneself, wash oneself
If we always keep our worries to ________ (we), things will get even worse. (白下)
②反身代詞的位置，置于主語(yǔ)后對(duì)主語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表示“……自己”。
如置于句末，既可對(duì)主語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，亦可對(duì)該反身代詞前的名詞加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，視上下文語(yǔ)境而定。
考點(diǎn)八：指示代詞
①電話(huà)用語(yǔ)，我是this你是that。
②兩者對(duì)比中，為避免重復(fù)that代替上文中不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞，those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
考點(diǎn)九：不定代詞
基本用法：形容詞修飾不定代詞后置;不定代詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Money is important in my life, but it isn’t ______ to me. (玄武一模)
A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
數(shù)詞
考點(diǎn)一：基數(shù)詞的基本用法，確指和泛指表達(dá)。
five hundred students, hundreds of students, five hundred of the students
Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum lies in the eastern part of Nanjing and it attracts _______ (百萬(wàn)) of
tourists every year. (江寧一模)
考點(diǎn)二：序數(shù)詞。提醒：ninth, twelfth, twentieth。
①序數(shù)詞表日期、樓層，世紀(jì)、生日、順序。
1. Tom is busy preparing for a party to celebrate his sister’s _________ (twelve) birthday. (玄武)
2. —How was your day off yesterday? (江寧)
—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________(eighty)birthday. We had a big cake.
②“a+序數(shù)詞”表示“又一，再一”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性。
③序數(shù)詞后跟形容詞的級(jí)
④序數(shù)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式
考點(diǎn)三：分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)
分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞;分子超過(guò)一，分母加-s。
A recent scientific report says three________ (eight) of the school students suffer from
sub-health(亞健康). (白下)
考點(diǎn)四：百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)。50 percent of the students
百分?jǐn)?shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟后面的名詞保持一致。
Two thirds of the students in our class ______ money to the poor girl recently. (玄武一模)
A.have raised B.has raised C.have donated D.has donated
考點(diǎn)五：有關(guān)詞組
in the 1870s, in one’s thirties, nine in/out of ten
Though he's in his ________(六十幾歲)，he's energetic enough to go round. (高淳) 形容詞
考點(diǎn)一：形容詞置于系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)。
How _____ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one. (玄武一模)
A.beautifully B.sweet C.well D.bad
考點(diǎn)二：置于賓語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常與make, leave, keep, find, think等動(dòng)詞連用。
考點(diǎn)三：形容詞比較級(jí)級(jí)的構(gòu)成形式。
prettier, healthier, more slowly, earlier, further, thinner, worse, less, fewer
1. Is that Miss Lee? She is much________(苗條) than before. (白下)
2. The low-carbon(低碳) lifestyle makes us look _______ (healthy) than before. (溧水一模)
考點(diǎn)四：修飾比較級(jí)表示程度的詞：much, a little, even, a lot, far, any, still。提醒：very不修飾比較級(jí)。
考點(diǎn)五：as…as…, not as/so…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，比較要在同類(lèi)中進(jìn)行。
She speaks English_______ an American, so we all believe that she has stayed in America for
many years. (溧水一模)
A. as good as B. as bad as C. as badly as D. as well as
考點(diǎn)六：表示“越來(lái)越……”時(shí)，用比較級(jí)重疊結(jié)構(gòu)，即“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”，
多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞用“more and more+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
考點(diǎn)七：表示“越……，越……”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
考點(diǎn)八：表示“……中最……”時(shí)，用“one of the+形容詞級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”。
1. The Great Wall is one of the ________(奇觀)of the world. (聯(lián)合體)
2. Kitty is one of the ________ (slim) girls in her class. (玄武一模)
考點(diǎn)九：-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞辨析
You can't imagine________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. (溧水)
A. how excited they were B. how exciting they were
C. how excited were they D. how they were excited
考點(diǎn)十：許多形容詞加-ly可以構(gòu)成副詞，但有些-ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞。
如：friendly, likely, daily, lively。It’s likely that…
考點(diǎn)十一：形容詞的否定前綴：dishonest, impossible, impatient, impolite, incorrect, inactive, irregular。
否定后綴：homeless, harmless, hopeless, endless, careless。
1. —You will be ________ (welcome) if you speak loudly in the place like this. (江寧)
— I’ve got it. Thank you.
2. Though it seemed _________(hope) to pass the exam, he still kept on trying. (白下)
3. You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely________(harm). (六合一模)
4. — Why do you say Sandy does her homework__________(careful)? (六合一模)
— Because she always makes many mistakes in her homework.
5. Peter is __________(active). I don’t think he is the suitable person to be our monitor. (白下一模)
考點(diǎn)十二：為避免重復(fù)替代上文提到的動(dòng)詞用do, does, did。
The girl spends at least as much time singing as she_________ . (溧水)
A. studies B. does in studying C. is studying D. does to study
副詞
考點(diǎn)一：副詞的用法：修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或句子。提醒：truly, widely, comfortably
1. With the money donated, we have______(success) helped many poor young girls return to school.
(白下)
2. It is ________ (廣泛地) known that Nanjing will hold the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. (棲霞)
3. It was raining so _____(heavy) all the night that many roads were in water the next morning.
(聯(lián)合體一模)
考點(diǎn)二：副詞的比較級(jí)和級(jí)構(gòu)成形式。
When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become a
desert much________(easy). (建鄴一模)
考點(diǎn)三：常置于句首的副詞：also, instead, however, therefore, besides, luckily, sadly
—Stephen, did you visit Nanjing Confucius Temple the day before yesterday? (鼓樓)
—No, I didn’t go there as you told me. ______, I went to Jiming Temple with my parents.
A. Instead B. Also C. Otherwise D. However
考點(diǎn)四：相同的介副詞和不同的動(dòng)詞搭配常常會(huì)放在一起進(jìn)行辨析。單選和完形填空題型均會(huì)涉及。
—Excuse me, will the plane for Beijing __________within an hour? (鼓樓)
—I’m not sure. You can go to the Information Desk for help.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. show off 介詞
考點(diǎn)一：表示時(shí)間的介詞：at, in, on, after, until, before, since, for, from
—Look! There are so many children in the park. (聯(lián)合體一模)
—Yeah. Few of them like to stay at home a sunny Sunday morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
考點(diǎn)二：表示地點(diǎn)的介詞：in, on, at, to, towards, over, above, in front of, in the front of, below, under
1. The temperature stays ________(在……之上) zero in winter here. You don’t have to carry
many clothes with you. (玄武)
2. — My bike is broken. May I go______yours? — Sorry, mine______broken down. (溧水一模)
A. on, is B. by, is C. on, has D. by, has
考點(diǎn)三：表示位置移動(dòng)的介詞：across, through, over, past
1. I walked _____ the post office and turned left into the Park Road. Then I found the bus stop just
on my right. (白下)
A. across B. past C. through D. along
2. —Oxfam trailwalkers in Hong Kong have to climb________ twenty hills and mountains.
—It’s really a tough hike. (鼓樓)
A. through B. around C. over D. along
考點(diǎn)四：It’s +adj. + of sb to do sth和It’s +adj. + for sb to do sth的區(qū)別
It’s kind ________ you to share the birthday cake with me. (棲霞)
A. of B. for C. to D. on
考點(diǎn)五：in和after的區(qū)別
Another tunnel from Saihongqiao to Gupinggang will be built ________ two years. (聯(lián)合體)
A. after B. for C. in D. during
考點(diǎn)六：to作為介詞的五大動(dòng)詞詞組：look forward to, pay attention to, be used to(習(xí)慣于),
prefer…to…, devote…to…
1. Mr. Green is a Frenchman, but now he is used to_______(live) in China. (高淳)
2. As a young Chinese soldier in the 1960s, Lei Feng was known for devoting most of his spare
time and money to________(help) others. (江寧一模)
動(dòng)詞
考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)
①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)的幾種情況：表示時(shí)刻表、日歷;在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從
句里，如if, unless, until, as soon as, before, after等?？陀^事實(shí)或真理在賓語(yǔ)從句中無(wú)論主句時(shí)態(tài)
如何，都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
1. —Look, what have you done? (玄武)
—Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I’ll do it better.
A. give B. will be given C. will give D. am given
2. ---John, you can’t go out to play until your homework _________ (finish). ---Ok, Mum. (高淳)
②一般將來(lái)時(shí)：There will be…, There is/are going to be…
It’s said that there _____ a football match on TV this evening. (玄武)
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示這個(gè)階段在做某事也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
④過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
—Why weren’t you at the meeting? (聯(lián)合體)
—I_________ for a call from my husband in Guangdong.
A. waited B. had waited C. was waiting D. will wait
一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。
⑤現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：
吃透其含義過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。尋找物品用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Have you seen my pen?
since(自從……)后的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用：how long，since+一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，for +一段時(shí)間。
1. — How long can I (借)this dictionary? — For two weeks. (玄武)
2. ---I’m sorry. I’m late for the music presentation. (高淳)
--- Why are you so late? The presentation _______ for 10 minutes.
A. has begun B. has stopped C. has been over D. has finished
when不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。
---Do you know _______? ---Sorry, I have no idea. (高淳)
A. where did you park my car B. what’s the matter with him
C. how can I get to the park D. when they have finished the work
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別。
John _______ at his uncle’s for 3 days and he is now at home. (白下一模)
A. stayed B. has stayed C. had stayed D. was staying
⑥現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則形式。heard, forgotten, hung, paid, written
考點(diǎn)二：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
①各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成。其中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)：has/have been +P.P.
Lots of trees ________in our city over the years. It is becoming greener and greener! (白下)
A. are planting B. have planted
C. will be planted D. have been planted
②完整的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不可丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
More attention should be paid to these words.
Good care should be taken of the children.
③主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)跟動(dòng)詞原形作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)應(yīng)加上to。Hear/watch/see/notice/make sb do sth.
變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)：sb. be heard/watched/seen/noticed/made to do sth.
My cousin is made_________ (study) with his new friends in USA. (玄武)
④不使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的單詞或詞組：不及物動(dòng)詞, 系動(dòng)詞, be worth doing, happen, take place, appear,
disappear, sell well。
The cakes in the restaurant _____, so they _____ well. (玄武)
A. are tasted better; are sold B. are tasted well; sell
C. taste terrible; are sold D. taste nice; sell
考點(diǎn)三：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
①do/doing/to do形式歸納。
1. Mother is busy __________ (prepare) for the coming big dinner in the kitchen. (玄武)
2. Mother Teresa spent all her time she could ________(care)for the poor. (聯(lián)合體)
3. You should knock at the door before__________(進(jìn)入) someone’s house. (溧水)
4. Our head teacher warned us__________ (not fly) kites near power lines in spring. (白下)
5. The old woman prefers _________ (步行) to jogging. (高一模)
6. — Can we ask Jeff for help with our English? (白下一模)
—You’d better not. He is the last person _______ others.
A. helps B. helped C. helping D. to help
②動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Doing morning exercises_________(stay) us healthy. (溧水)
③分詞作定語(yǔ)。a film directed by Cindy Clark, people living in cold climates
④動(dòng)詞不定式用作目的狀語(yǔ)。
1. He runs as quickly as he can_________(catch) the early bus in the morning. (棲霞)
2. _________ (play) basketball well, you have to practise it as often as possible.(溧水)
3. Kitty thought her parents would do a lot __________ (celebrate) her birthday, but they just gave
her a birthday card. (江寧一模)
4. You always do what you can_______(stop) bad things happening at the beginning. (白下一模)
考點(diǎn)四：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
①表示猜測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must, may, can’t, can
1—Mike’s parents have bought a 2-floor house with a swimming pool. (白下)
—Oh, it________ be very expensive.
A. must B. can C. need D. should
2. — I think the man over there must be Bob. (六合一模)
— It _______ be him. He has gone to England.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t
②can和be able to的區(qū)別。will be able to
③must 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t, don’t have to。
— Must I feed the goldfish now? — No, you ______. But you must do it before supper. (建鄴一模)
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. can’t
④had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形。
⑤Will you 疑問(wèn)句表示詢(xún)問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求。Would you please+動(dòng)詞原形…?表示有禮貌的請(qǐng)求。
考點(diǎn)五：動(dòng)詞的辨析
①dress, put on, wear, be in,
②spend, cost, take, pay
—What are you going to do this weekend, Sue? (江寧)
—I will _________ it in a farmhouse. I want to enjoy farm fresh food and air.
A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take
③lose, forget, leave,
— I’m sorry I _______ my English book at home. (六合一模)
— That’s all right. Don’t forget to bring it next time.
A. forget B. left C. have forgotten D. had left
④speak, say, talk, tell
⑤protect, provide, present, prevent
⑥r(nóng)ise, raise
⑦h(yuǎn)ave been to, have been in, have gone to
⑧be used to do，be used to doing, used to do
This opener______ open wine bottles, but I seldom use it because I______ wine. (鼓樓)
A. used to; am not used to drinking B. is used to; am not used to drink
C. is used to; am not used to drinking D. used to; am not used to drink
簡(jiǎn)單句
考點(diǎn)一：感嘆句?！斑€原法”解決所有問(wèn)題。
1. The 22nd National Disabled Day series activity was started formally in Nanjing on Friday.
________ it was! (棲霞)
A. How exciting the scene B. How an exciting scene
C. What an exciting scene D. What exciting a scene
2. —Mother’s Day is coming. Here is a pair of jeans for you, Mum. (白下一模)
— ______ beautiful blue jeans! Thank you, Amy.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
考點(diǎn)二：祈使句。用將來(lái)時(shí)回答：Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
考點(diǎn)三：疑問(wèn)句
①特殊疑問(wèn)句how soon, how far, how long, how often, how many, how much辨析
1. ---________ can you be ready for the party, Lily? ---In thirty minutes. (高淳)
A. How much B. How often C. How long D. How soon
2. —Excuse me，could you tell me __________ it is from here to Nanjing University? (江寧)
—Sure. It’s about three kilometers.
A. how much B. how long C. how far D. how soon
3. —______ is it from Olympic Center to your school? (建鄴一模)
— It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.
A. How much B. How long C. How far D. How often
②選擇疑問(wèn)句不能用yes或no回答。
考點(diǎn)四：反意疑問(wèn)句
①用“事實(shí)原則”回答，跟“前肯后否”或“后否前肯”無(wú)關(guān)。
1. ---You aren’t a stranger here to me, are you? (高淳)
--- ________ , don’t you remember me at the school gate ten minutes ago?
A. Yes, to see B. No, seeing C. No, saw D. Yes, seeing
2. —Bill hasn’t paid for the school things, has he? (聯(lián)合體)
—________. Her mother will pay for them.
A. Yes, he has B. No, he hasn’t C. Yes, he did D. No, he didn’t
3. —You never stay up till midnight, do you? (鼓樓)
—___________. But I think it’s bad for our health.
A. No, never B. No, sometimes C. Yes, never D. Yes, sometimes
②的六大否定詞和詞組：hardly, never, seldom, few, little, too…to…。
1. — The electric fan can ________ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it? (棲霞)
— It’s hard to say, but you may have a try.
A. easily B. hardly C. quickly D. finally
2. — He hardly spent any time on his subjects, _______? (雨花一模)
—_______, so he does badly in his lessons.
A. didn’t he; Yes B. did he; Yes C. didn’t he; No D. did he; No
3. — Kate is seldom late for school, _______ she? (白下一模)
— ________. She is used to going to school early.
A. is; Yes B. isn’t; No C. is; No D. isn’t; Yes
③have(has)只要不是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的助動(dòng)詞，其反意疑問(wèn)部分一律可為don’t, didn’t, doesn’t。
考點(diǎn)五：陳述句
not與all, both, every, each連用表示“部分否定”。
并列句
考點(diǎn)一：and, but, or連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，前半句一定是一個(gè)完整的句子(祈使句是完整句子)。
1. — Be careful, _______ you will make mistakes in your exams. (雨花一模)
— I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful.
A. and B. or C. nor D. but
2._________ (wear) red and you will feel strong. (雨花一模)
考點(diǎn)二：while連接兩個(gè)句子可表示“對(duì)比”。
考點(diǎn)三：not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…連接主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“就近原則”。
as well as則相反。
Although Messi is _______ tall _______ powerful, he scored five goals in the UEFA Champions
League match. (玄武一模)
A. neither; nor B. not only; but also C.both; and D.either; or
復(fù)合句
考點(diǎn)一：定語(yǔ)從句
修飾名詞的從句稱(chēng)之為定語(yǔ)從句，該名詞稱(chēng)之為先行詞。如先行詞為人，則引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞為
who或that;如先行詞為物，則關(guān)系代詞為which或that。
1. Bruce Lee was a famous film star ________ made Kungfu popular in the west. (聯(lián)合體)
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
2. —I hear that Ann’s cousin is a worker here. (江寧)
—Look, the man _________ is working over there is her cousin.
A. who B. when C. what D. which
考點(diǎn)二：賓語(yǔ)從句
①牢記“語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)”。陳述語(yǔ)序，連接詞(that/if/whether/疑問(wèn)詞)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+……
②某些疑問(wèn)詞可在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
1. ---Do you know _______? (高淳)
---Sorry, I have no idea.
A. where did you park my car B. what’s the matter with him
C. how can I get to the park D. when they have finished the work
2.Great changes have taken place around the world. Nobody can tell _____ in 20 years. (白下)
A. what will it be like B. how it looked like
C. what it will be like D. how did it look like
3.—Lucy, can you tell me___________? (高淳一模)
—Sorry, I don’t know.
A. where does he live B. when will the film start
C. where is that new classmate from D. who did the cleaning this morning
③賓語(yǔ)從句前的動(dòng)詞為ask, want to know, wonder等詞時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句必須是問(wèn)句，即連接詞
應(yīng)為特殊疑問(wèn)詞或if/whether。
—What did Kate say just now? (玄武)
—She asked _________.
A. who has been to the USA in our class
B. what was wrong with my computer
C. when did China become a member of the World Trade Organization
D. that China had successfully held the Olympic Games
考點(diǎn)三：條件狀語(yǔ)從句
if和unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，要用“主將從現(xiàn)”結(jié)構(gòu)。即從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
if另有“是否”之意，無(wú)此限制。
1.Don’t discuss the problems with your friends unless you ________ to do so. (棲霞)
A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked
2. —Can you tell me if he all the problems in thirty minutes? (溧水)
—I’m afraid he can’t. If he another five minutes, I think he will.
A. will solve; will give B. will solve; is given C. solves; is given D. solves; will give
3. —Mr. Li, let’s go fishing this weekend with Lao Wang, shall we? (白下)
—I’d love to, but nobody knows if he _______ free then.
A. will B. is C. will be D. has been
4. — Shall we go for a hiking this weekend?— All right, ________ it rains. (白下)
A. if B. unless C. when D. until
考點(diǎn)四：原因裝語(yǔ)從句
①because, since, as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。都可以翻譯成“因?yàn)椤?，since還可以譯成“既然”，
as還可以譯成“由于”。
②because和so不可同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中。
考點(diǎn)五：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
①when, while, as, before, after, until, till, as soon as等詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句要用“主將從現(xiàn)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
since后從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
1. —Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack this weekend? (建鄴一模)
—When your homework_______, you can.
A. is done B. was handed in C. will be completed D. had been finished
2. —_________ did you leave the classroom? (鼓樓)
—___________ I saw my daughter sit down and read her book.
A. How long; After B. When; Until C. How long; Until D. When; After
②when, while, as辨析。when還可表示“突然，就在那時(shí)”，while后面必須是長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作，還可表示“而”
(前后兩者對(duì)比)，as還可以表示“由于”、“隨著”。
--- Look! Lots of people there. What’s wrong? (高淳)
--- An old lady was going across the road ________ a car hit her.
A. while B. if C. whether D. when
考點(diǎn)六：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
①although, though, even though/if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
②although/though和but不可同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中。
________ study is hard work, we’d better continue to the end. (聯(lián)合體)
A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If
考點(diǎn)七：結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
so/such…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。so+adj/adv+that…;such+名詞短語(yǔ)+that…;另：
so many/much/few/little+名詞
My cousin has________ great interest in inventions that he devotes most of his time _________
things. (溧水)
A. much; inventing B. so; to inventing C. such; to inventing D. such; to invent
考點(diǎn)八：目的狀語(yǔ)從句。so that, in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。
We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin ______ protect our environment. (白下一模)
A. as a result B. so that C. in order to D. in order not to
交際用語(yǔ)
①mind回答與中文不一樣，同意對(duì)方做某事，用“No, not at all.”。不同意對(duì)方做某事，
則說(shuō)“You’d better not.”
1. —Would you mind my sitting here, Sir? —_________. It’s for my wife. (高淳一模)
A. Not at all B. Certainly not
C. I’m afraid you can’t D. All right
2. —I hope you don’t mind my opening the window. (聯(lián)合體一模)
—________. It’s much too hot today.
A. All right B. Never mind C. You’re welcome D. Of course not
②否定祈使句的回答，用“No, I won’t.”
1. ---I feel really nervous before the interview. ---________ . I’m sure you are the best. (高淳)
A. Take it easy B. What’s up C. What’s happening D. Forget it
2. --- Mr Smith, please teach me how to draw on the computer today. (高淳)
--- Oh, no._______. You have to get familiar with the keyboard first.
A. Learn to walk before you run B. It's never too old to learn
C. A good beginning is half done D. The early bird catches the worm
3. —How are things going with you? — ________. (聯(lián)合體)
A. Quite well, thank you. B. Good, and you?
C. Don’t ask me the problem. D. Let me tell you.
4. —I’m going to visit my aunt this evening. She was very kind to us when we were at her home
last time. Remember? (溧水)
— Of course I do._________ .
A. That sounds fun B. It’s very kind of you
C. I hope it won’t be long D. Give my best wishes to her
5. —My family usually goes skating for vacation, I like skating, but I want to try something
different this year.
—__________. (溧水)
A. Let’s go. B. Cheer up. C. Like what? D. Take care.
6. —Don’t have your mobile phone on when you are in the library. —__________. (白下)
A. No, I will B. No, I won’t C. Yes, I will D. Yes, I won’t
考點(diǎn)一：a/an的區(qū)別
a用在輔音因素開(kāi)頭的單詞前，an用在元音因素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。提醒：與字母無(wú)關(guān)。
①以下字母前用an：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x
an NBA star, a UFO, an ORBIS doctor, a UNICEF worker
Lin Shuhao, now _______ NBA star, used to be a student of the Harvard University. (白下)
A. a B. the C. an D. /
②數(shù)字8,11前用an。an 8-year-old boy, a 110-word letter
③首字母不發(fā)音的單詞：hour, honest。an hour, an honest boy
— Do you know _________ man on TV? — Yes, he is _________ honest person. (高淳一模)
A. a; an B. an; the C. the; an D. the; a
④以u(píng)開(kāi)頭的單詞如果發(fā)/ju:/，則用a。a university, a useful book, an umbrella, an uncle
1. — Kobe Bryant is _______ unusual basketball player. (六合一模)
— So he is. He plays _______ basketball very well.
A. an; / B. an; the C. a; the D. a; /
2. —What do you want to be when you grow up，Eric? (江寧一模)
—I want to be__________ university professor. That’s my dream.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
考點(diǎn)二：the, a 區(qū)別。the是特指，a是泛指。
—Can you remember when Mr. Green left _____ city? (玄武)
—Sorry, I can’t. I only remember it was _____ Monday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. a; a D. a; /
考點(diǎn)三：“a+比較級(jí)+名詞”，表示“一個(gè)更……的……”
Seeing from the top of Yuhuatai, we will have _______ better view. (雨花一模)
A. a B. an C. the D. /
考點(diǎn)四：“the+比較級(jí)”特指兩者中“更……”，一般與of the two連用。
Of the two sisters, Lucy is___ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. (高淳)
A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest
考點(diǎn)五：零冠詞
①名詞前已有指示代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞或名詞所有格等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，用零冠詞。
—I can't believe I failed ______ yesterday’s test! What shall I do? (玄武一模)
—Don’t worry. I am sure you can make it if you work harder.
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
②三餐、球類(lèi)、學(xué)科前。
—What do you usually have for _________breakfast, Mr. Green? (江寧)
—Two pieces of bread and a glass of milk.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
③與by連用的交通工具名詞前。提醒：by sea 乘船 by the sea在海邊
名詞
考點(diǎn)一：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
記住以下各詞復(fù)數(shù)形式所代表的類(lèi)型：
life, hero, study, mouth, sheep, fish, toothbrush, a man teacher, boy students, twin brothers
1. The soldiers coming to help people in Yushu county are also_______(英雄) in my mind. (高淳)
2. ________ (wolf) belong to the dog family, living and hunting together. (白下)
考點(diǎn)二：名詞的所有格
①記住以下所有格形式：Lily and Lucy’s mother, Tom’s and Mary’s bags, someone else’s pencil
②雙重所有格：a friend of mine, some books of my father’s
③表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市等無(wú)生命的名詞，也可以在詞尾加-‘s構(gòu)成所有格。
today’s news, ten minutes’ walk/ride/drive, last year’s cards, Beijing’s past and present
1. After several ________(week) study, the American students found Chinese interesting to learn.
(建鄴一模)
2. It is about ten _________ (分鐘) walk from the centre of the city to my school. (江寧一模)
考點(diǎn)三：復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞用單數(shù) an 8-year-old boy
—How amazing the noodle is! (玄武)
—Yes, it is ___, and breaks the Guiness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.
A. 1704-meter-long B. 1704-meters-long
C. 1704 meter long D. 1704 meters long
考點(diǎn)四：十二大不可數(shù)名詞：
work, weather, food, fun, advice, traffic, music, information, news, knowledge, progress, furniture
1. ---________ unusual music he is playing! (高淳)
--- Yes, all of the students are losing themselves in it.
A. What B. What an C. How a D. How
2. The ORBIS doctors teach the locals new skills and _________ (知識(shí)). (溧水)
3. I have just moved into a new flat and I need to buy some ____________ (furniture). (溧水)
4. Our English teacher gave us many (建議) on the study of a foreign language. (白下) 代詞
考點(diǎn)一：both, all, none, neither, either辨析
1._______ of the boy’s parents is in. They are having their holiday in Australia. (高淳)
A. None B. Both C. Neither D. Either
2. Amy doesn’t like wearing the blue sweater. Annie doesn’t like it, ________ (也). (江寧)
3. —Which shirt will you take, the white one or the blue one? (白下一模)
— _______, just for a change.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
考點(diǎn)二：other, the other, another, others辨析
1. New Zealand has two islands. One is North Island and_______ is South Island. (聯(lián)合體)
A. another B. the other C. other D. the others
考點(diǎn)三：涉及“二”和“三”的代詞
1. —When shall we meet again next week? (高淳一模)
— _______ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Every B. Any C. Either D. Neither
2. You may send me a short message or just give me a call. _______ will do. (雨花一模)
A. None B. Either C. All D. Neither
考點(diǎn)四：it用作形式賓語(yǔ)和形式主語(yǔ)。
①find/make/think it +adj. +to do sth
②It’s +adj. +for sb./of sb. +to do sth
③It’s +adj+that+從句
④It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who…
考點(diǎn)五：人稱(chēng)代詞的主格和賓格。
以下詞組用賓格：teach us English, hear from you, belong to me
考點(diǎn)六：物主代詞
①his和its既是形容詞性物主代詞也是名詞性物主代詞。
Their English teacher is from America, while________(we) comes from England. (高淳)
考點(diǎn)七：反身代詞
①記住以下涉及反身代詞的詞組：
teach oneself, learn by oneself, enjoy oneself, help oneself to…, come to oneself,
hurt oneself, weigh oneself, wash oneself
If we always keep our worries to ________ (we), things will get even worse. (白下)
②反身代詞的位置，置于主語(yǔ)后對(duì)主語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表示“……自己”。
如置于句末，既可對(duì)主語(yǔ)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，亦可對(duì)該反身代詞前的名詞加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，視上下文語(yǔ)境而定。
考點(diǎn)八：指示代詞
①電話(huà)用語(yǔ)，我是this你是that。
②兩者對(duì)比中，為避免重復(fù)that代替上文中不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞，those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
考點(diǎn)九：不定代詞
基本用法：形容詞修飾不定代詞后置;不定代詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Money is important in my life, but it isn’t ______ to me. (玄武一模)
A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
數(shù)詞
考點(diǎn)一：基數(shù)詞的基本用法，確指和泛指表達(dá)。
five hundred students, hundreds of students, five hundred of the students
Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum lies in the eastern part of Nanjing and it attracts _______ (百萬(wàn)) of
tourists every year. (江寧一模)
考點(diǎn)二：序數(shù)詞。提醒：ninth, twelfth, twentieth。
①序數(shù)詞表日期、樓層，世紀(jì)、生日、順序。
1. Tom is busy preparing for a party to celebrate his sister’s _________ (twelve) birthday. (玄武)
2. —How was your day off yesterday? (江寧)
—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________(eighty)birthday. We had a big cake.
②“a+序數(shù)詞”表示“又一，再一”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性。
③序數(shù)詞后跟形容詞的級(jí)
④序數(shù)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式
考點(diǎn)三：分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)
分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞;分子超過(guò)一，分母加-s。
A recent scientific report says three________ (eight) of the school students suffer from
sub-health(亞健康). (白下)
考點(diǎn)四：百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)。50 percent of the students
百分?jǐn)?shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟后面的名詞保持一致。
Two thirds of the students in our class ______ money to the poor girl recently. (玄武一模)
A.have raised B.has raised C.have donated D.has donated
考點(diǎn)五：有關(guān)詞組
in the 1870s, in one’s thirties, nine in/out of ten
Though he's in his ________(六十幾歲)，he's energetic enough to go round. (高淳) 形容詞
考點(diǎn)一：形容詞置于系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)。
How _____ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one. (玄武一模)
A.beautifully B.sweet C.well D.bad
考點(diǎn)二：置于賓語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常與make, leave, keep, find, think等動(dòng)詞連用。
考點(diǎn)三：形容詞比較級(jí)級(jí)的構(gòu)成形式。
prettier, healthier, more slowly, earlier, further, thinner, worse, less, fewer
1. Is that Miss Lee? She is much________(苗條) than before. (白下)
2. The low-carbon(低碳) lifestyle makes us look _______ (healthy) than before. (溧水一模)
考點(diǎn)四：修飾比較級(jí)表示程度的詞：much, a little, even, a lot, far, any, still。提醒：very不修飾比較級(jí)。
考點(diǎn)五：as…as…, not as/so…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，比較要在同類(lèi)中進(jìn)行。
She speaks English_______ an American, so we all believe that she has stayed in America for
many years. (溧水一模)
A. as good as B. as bad as C. as badly as D. as well as
考點(diǎn)六：表示“越來(lái)越……”時(shí)，用比較級(jí)重疊結(jié)構(gòu)，即“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”，
多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞用“more and more+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
考點(diǎn)七：表示“越……，越……”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
考點(diǎn)八：表示“……中最……”時(shí)，用“one of the+形容詞級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”。
1. The Great Wall is one of the ________(奇觀)of the world. (聯(lián)合體)
2. Kitty is one of the ________ (slim) girls in her class. (玄武一模)
考點(diǎn)九：-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞辨析
You can't imagine________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. (溧水)
A. how excited they were B. how exciting they were
C. how excited were they D. how they were excited
考點(diǎn)十：許多形容詞加-ly可以構(gòu)成副詞，但有些-ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞。
如：friendly, likely, daily, lively。It’s likely that…
考點(diǎn)十一：形容詞的否定前綴：dishonest, impossible, impatient, impolite, incorrect, inactive, irregular。
否定后綴：homeless, harmless, hopeless, endless, careless。
1. —You will be ________ (welcome) if you speak loudly in the place like this. (江寧)
— I’ve got it. Thank you.
2. Though it seemed _________(hope) to pass the exam, he still kept on trying. (白下)
3. You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely________(harm). (六合一模)
4. — Why do you say Sandy does her homework__________(careful)? (六合一模)
— Because she always makes many mistakes in her homework.
5. Peter is __________(active). I don’t think he is the suitable person to be our monitor. (白下一模)
考點(diǎn)十二：為避免重復(fù)替代上文提到的動(dòng)詞用do, does, did。
The girl spends at least as much time singing as she_________ . (溧水)
A. studies B. does in studying C. is studying D. does to study
副詞
考點(diǎn)一：副詞的用法：修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或句子。提醒：truly, widely, comfortably
1. With the money donated, we have______(success) helped many poor young girls return to school.
(白下)
2. It is ________ (廣泛地) known that Nanjing will hold the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. (棲霞)
3. It was raining so _____(heavy) all the night that many roads were in water the next morning.
(聯(lián)合體一模)
考點(diǎn)二：副詞的比較級(jí)和級(jí)構(gòu)成形式。
When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become a
desert much________(easy). (建鄴一模)
考點(diǎn)三：常置于句首的副詞：also, instead, however, therefore, besides, luckily, sadly
—Stephen, did you visit Nanjing Confucius Temple the day before yesterday? (鼓樓)
—No, I didn’t go there as you told me. ______, I went to Jiming Temple with my parents.
A. Instead B. Also C. Otherwise D. However
考點(diǎn)四：相同的介副詞和不同的動(dòng)詞搭配常常會(huì)放在一起進(jìn)行辨析。單選和完形填空題型均會(huì)涉及。
—Excuse me, will the plane for Beijing __________within an hour? (鼓樓)
—I’m not sure. You can go to the Information Desk for help.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. show off 介詞
考點(diǎn)一：表示時(shí)間的介詞：at, in, on, after, until, before, since, for, from
—Look! There are so many children in the park. (聯(lián)合體一模)
—Yeah. Few of them like to stay at home a sunny Sunday morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
考點(diǎn)二：表示地點(diǎn)的介詞：in, on, at, to, towards, over, above, in front of, in the front of, below, under
1. The temperature stays ________(在……之上) zero in winter here. You don’t have to carry
many clothes with you. (玄武)
2. — My bike is broken. May I go______yours? — Sorry, mine______broken down. (溧水一模)
A. on, is B. by, is C. on, has D. by, has
考點(diǎn)三：表示位置移動(dòng)的介詞：across, through, over, past
1. I walked _____ the post office and turned left into the Park Road. Then I found the bus stop just
on my right. (白下)
A. across B. past C. through D. along
2. —Oxfam trailwalkers in Hong Kong have to climb________ twenty hills and mountains.
—It’s really a tough hike. (鼓樓)
A. through B. around C. over D. along
考點(diǎn)四：It’s +adj. + of sb to do sth和It’s +adj. + for sb to do sth的區(qū)別
It’s kind ________ you to share the birthday cake with me. (棲霞)
A. of B. for C. to D. on
考點(diǎn)五：in和after的區(qū)別
Another tunnel from Saihongqiao to Gupinggang will be built ________ two years. (聯(lián)合體)
A. after B. for C. in D. during
考點(diǎn)六：to作為介詞的五大動(dòng)詞詞組：look forward to, pay attention to, be used to(習(xí)慣于),
prefer…to…, devote…to…
1. Mr. Green is a Frenchman, but now he is used to_______(live) in China. (高淳)
2. As a young Chinese soldier in the 1960s, Lei Feng was known for devoting most of his spare
time and money to________(help) others. (江寧一模)
動(dòng)詞
考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)
①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)的幾種情況：表示時(shí)刻表、日歷;在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從
句里，如if, unless, until, as soon as, before, after等?？陀^事實(shí)或真理在賓語(yǔ)從句中無(wú)論主句時(shí)態(tài)
如何，都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
1. —Look, what have you done? (玄武)
—Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I’ll do it better.
A. give B. will be given C. will give D. am given
2. ---John, you can’t go out to play until your homework _________ (finish). ---Ok, Mum. (高淳)
②一般將來(lái)時(shí)：There will be…, There is/are going to be…
It’s said that there _____ a football match on TV this evening. (玄武)
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示這個(gè)階段在做某事也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
④過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
—Why weren’t you at the meeting? (聯(lián)合體)
—I_________ for a call from my husband in Guangdong.
A. waited B. had waited C. was waiting D. will wait
一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。
⑤現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：
吃透其含義過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。尋找物品用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Have you seen my pen?
since(自從……)后的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用：how long，since+一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，for +一段時(shí)間。
1. — How long can I (借)this dictionary? — For two weeks. (玄武)
2. ---I’m sorry. I’m late for the music presentation. (高淳)
--- Why are you so late? The presentation _______ for 10 minutes.
A. has begun B. has stopped C. has been over D. has finished
when不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。
---Do you know _______? ---Sorry, I have no idea. (高淳)
A. where did you park my car B. what’s the matter with him
C. how can I get to the park D. when they have finished the work
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別。
John _______ at his uncle’s for 3 days and he is now at home. (白下一模)
A. stayed B. has stayed C. had stayed D. was staying
⑥現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則形式。heard, forgotten, hung, paid, written
考點(diǎn)二：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
①各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成。其中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)：has/have been +P.P.
Lots of trees ________in our city over the years. It is becoming greener and greener! (白下)
A. are planting B. have planted
C. will be planted D. have been planted
②完整的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不可丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
More attention should be paid to these words.
Good care should be taken of the children.
③主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)跟動(dòng)詞原形作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)應(yīng)加上to。Hear/watch/see/notice/make sb do sth.
變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)：sb. be heard/watched/seen/noticed/made to do sth.
My cousin is made_________ (study) with his new friends in USA. (玄武)
④不使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的單詞或詞組：不及物動(dòng)詞, 系動(dòng)詞, be worth doing, happen, take place, appear,
disappear, sell well。
The cakes in the restaurant _____, so they _____ well. (玄武)
A. are tasted better; are sold B. are tasted well; sell
C. taste terrible; are sold D. taste nice; sell
考點(diǎn)三：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
①do/doing/to do形式歸納。
1. Mother is busy __________ (prepare) for the coming big dinner in the kitchen. (玄武)
2. Mother Teresa spent all her time she could ________(care)for the poor. (聯(lián)合體)
3. You should knock at the door before__________(進(jìn)入) someone’s house. (溧水)
4. Our head teacher warned us__________ (not fly) kites near power lines in spring. (白下)
5. The old woman prefers _________ (步行) to jogging. (高一模)
6. — Can we ask Jeff for help with our English? (白下一模)
—You’d better not. He is the last person _______ others.
A. helps B. helped C. helping D. to help
②動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Doing morning exercises_________(stay) us healthy. (溧水)
③分詞作定語(yǔ)。a film directed by Cindy Clark, people living in cold climates
④動(dòng)詞不定式用作目的狀語(yǔ)。
1. He runs as quickly as he can_________(catch) the early bus in the morning. (棲霞)
2. _________ (play) basketball well, you have to practise it as often as possible.(溧水)
3. Kitty thought her parents would do a lot __________ (celebrate) her birthday, but they just gave
her a birthday card. (江寧一模)
4. You always do what you can_______(stop) bad things happening at the beginning. (白下一模)
考點(diǎn)四：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
①表示猜測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must, may, can’t, can
1—Mike’s parents have bought a 2-floor house with a swimming pool. (白下)
—Oh, it________ be very expensive.
A. must B. can C. need D. should
2. — I think the man over there must be Bob. (六合一模)
— It _______ be him. He has gone to England.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t
②can和be able to的區(qū)別。will be able to
③must 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t, don’t have to。
— Must I feed the goldfish now? — No, you ______. But you must do it before supper. (建鄴一模)
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. can’t
④had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形。
⑤Will you 疑問(wèn)句表示詢(xún)問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求。Would you please+動(dòng)詞原形…?表示有禮貌的請(qǐng)求。
考點(diǎn)五：動(dòng)詞的辨析
①dress, put on, wear, be in,
②spend, cost, take, pay
—What are you going to do this weekend, Sue? (江寧)
—I will _________ it in a farmhouse. I want to enjoy farm fresh food and air.
A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take
③lose, forget, leave,
— I’m sorry I _______ my English book at home. (六合一模)
— That’s all right. Don’t forget to bring it next time.
A. forget B. left C. have forgotten D. had left
④speak, say, talk, tell
⑤protect, provide, present, prevent
⑥r(nóng)ise, raise
⑦h(yuǎn)ave been to, have been in, have gone to
⑧be used to do，be used to doing, used to do
This opener______ open wine bottles, but I seldom use it because I______ wine. (鼓樓)
A. used to; am not used to drinking B. is used to; am not used to drink
C. is used to; am not used to drinking D. used to; am not used to drink
簡(jiǎn)單句
考點(diǎn)一：感嘆句?！斑€原法”解決所有問(wèn)題。
1. The 22nd National Disabled Day series activity was started formally in Nanjing on Friday.
________ it was! (棲霞)
A. How exciting the scene B. How an exciting scene
C. What an exciting scene D. What exciting a scene
2. —Mother’s Day is coming. Here is a pair of jeans for you, Mum. (白下一模)
— ______ beautiful blue jeans! Thank you, Amy.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
考點(diǎn)二：祈使句。用將來(lái)時(shí)回答：Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
考點(diǎn)三：疑問(wèn)句
①特殊疑問(wèn)句how soon, how far, how long, how often, how many, how much辨析
1. ---________ can you be ready for the party, Lily? ---In thirty minutes. (高淳)
A. How much B. How often C. How long D. How soon
2. —Excuse me，could you tell me __________ it is from here to Nanjing University? (江寧)
—Sure. It’s about three kilometers.
A. how much B. how long C. how far D. how soon
3. —______ is it from Olympic Center to your school? (建鄴一模)
— It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.
A. How much B. How long C. How far D. How often
②選擇疑問(wèn)句不能用yes或no回答。
考點(diǎn)四：反意疑問(wèn)句
①用“事實(shí)原則”回答，跟“前肯后否”或“后否前肯”無(wú)關(guān)。
1. ---You aren’t a stranger here to me, are you? (高淳)
--- ________ , don’t you remember me at the school gate ten minutes ago?
A. Yes, to see B. No, seeing C. No, saw D. Yes, seeing
2. —Bill hasn’t paid for the school things, has he? (聯(lián)合體)
—________. Her mother will pay for them.
A. Yes, he has B. No, he hasn’t C. Yes, he did D. No, he didn’t
3. —You never stay up till midnight, do you? (鼓樓)
—___________. But I think it’s bad for our health.
A. No, never B. No, sometimes C. Yes, never D. Yes, sometimes
②的六大否定詞和詞組：hardly, never, seldom, few, little, too…to…。
1. — The electric fan can ________ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it? (棲霞)
— It’s hard to say, but you may have a try.
A. easily B. hardly C. quickly D. finally
2. — He hardly spent any time on his subjects, _______? (雨花一模)
—_______, so he does badly in his lessons.
A. didn’t he; Yes B. did he; Yes C. didn’t he; No D. did he; No
3. — Kate is seldom late for school, _______ she? (白下一模)
— ________. She is used to going to school early.
A. is; Yes B. isn’t; No C. is; No D. isn’t; Yes
③have(has)只要不是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的助動(dòng)詞，其反意疑問(wèn)部分一律可為don’t, didn’t, doesn’t。
考點(diǎn)五：陳述句
not與all, both, every, each連用表示“部分否定”。
并列句
考點(diǎn)一：and, but, or連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，前半句一定是一個(gè)完整的句子(祈使句是完整句子)。
1. — Be careful, _______ you will make mistakes in your exams. (雨花一模)
— I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful.
A. and B. or C. nor D. but
2._________ (wear) red and you will feel strong. (雨花一模)
考點(diǎn)二：while連接兩個(gè)句子可表示“對(duì)比”。
考點(diǎn)三：not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…連接主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“就近原則”。
as well as則相反。
Although Messi is _______ tall _______ powerful, he scored five goals in the UEFA Champions
League match. (玄武一模)
A. neither; nor B. not only; but also C.both; and D.either; or
復(fù)合句
考點(diǎn)一：定語(yǔ)從句
修飾名詞的從句稱(chēng)之為定語(yǔ)從句，該名詞稱(chēng)之為先行詞。如先行詞為人，則引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞為
who或that;如先行詞為物，則關(guān)系代詞為which或that。
1. Bruce Lee was a famous film star ________ made Kungfu popular in the west. (聯(lián)合體)
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
2. —I hear that Ann’s cousin is a worker here. (江寧)
—Look, the man _________ is working over there is her cousin.
A. who B. when C. what D. which
考點(diǎn)二：賓語(yǔ)從句
①牢記“語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)”。陳述語(yǔ)序，連接詞(that/if/whether/疑問(wèn)詞)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+……
②某些疑問(wèn)詞可在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
1. ---Do you know _______? (高淳)
---Sorry, I have no idea.
A. where did you park my car B. what’s the matter with him
C. how can I get to the park D. when they have finished the work
2.Great changes have taken place around the world. Nobody can tell _____ in 20 years. (白下)
A. what will it be like B. how it looked like
C. what it will be like D. how did it look like
3.—Lucy, can you tell me___________? (高淳一模)
—Sorry, I don’t know.
A. where does he live B. when will the film start
C. where is that new classmate from D. who did the cleaning this morning
③賓語(yǔ)從句前的動(dòng)詞為ask, want to know, wonder等詞時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句必須是問(wèn)句，即連接詞
應(yīng)為特殊疑問(wèn)詞或if/whether。
—What did Kate say just now? (玄武)
—She asked _________.
A. who has been to the USA in our class
B. what was wrong with my computer
C. when did China become a member of the World Trade Organization
D. that China had successfully held the Olympic Games
考點(diǎn)三：條件狀語(yǔ)從句
if和unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，要用“主將從現(xiàn)”結(jié)構(gòu)。即從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
if另有“是否”之意，無(wú)此限制。
1.Don’t discuss the problems with your friends unless you ________ to do so. (棲霞)
A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked
2. —Can you tell me if he all the problems in thirty minutes? (溧水)
—I’m afraid he can’t. If he another five minutes, I think he will.
A. will solve; will give B. will solve; is given C. solves; is given D. solves; will give
3. —Mr. Li, let’s go fishing this weekend with Lao Wang, shall we? (白下)
—I’d love to, but nobody knows if he _______ free then.
A. will B. is C. will be D. has been
4. — Shall we go for a hiking this weekend?— All right, ________ it rains. (白下)
A. if B. unless C. when D. until
考點(diǎn)四：原因裝語(yǔ)從句
①because, since, as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。都可以翻譯成“因?yàn)椤?，since還可以譯成“既然”，
as還可以譯成“由于”。
②because和so不可同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中。
考點(diǎn)五：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
①when, while, as, before, after, until, till, as soon as等詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句要用“主將從現(xiàn)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
since后從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
1. —Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack this weekend? (建鄴一模)
—When your homework_______, you can.
A. is done B. was handed in C. will be completed D. had been finished
2. —_________ did you leave the classroom? (鼓樓)
—___________ I saw my daughter sit down and read her book.
A. How long; After B. When; Until C. How long; Until D. When; After
②when, while, as辨析。when還可表示“突然，就在那時(shí)”，while后面必須是長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作，還可表示“而”
(前后兩者對(duì)比)，as還可以表示“由于”、“隨著”。
--- Look! Lots of people there. What’s wrong? (高淳)
--- An old lady was going across the road ________ a car hit her.
A. while B. if C. whether D. when
考點(diǎn)六：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
①although, though, even though/if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
②although/though和but不可同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中。
________ study is hard work, we’d better continue to the end. (聯(lián)合體)
A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If
考點(diǎn)七：結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
so/such…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。so+adj/adv+that…;such+名詞短語(yǔ)+that…;另：
so many/much/few/little+名詞
My cousin has________ great interest in inventions that he devotes most of his time _________
things. (溧水)
A. much; inventing B. so; to inventing C. such; to inventing D. such; to invent
考點(diǎn)八：目的狀語(yǔ)從句。so that, in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。
We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin ______ protect our environment. (白下一模)
A. as a result B. so that C. in order to D. in order not to
交際用語(yǔ)
①mind回答與中文不一樣，同意對(duì)方做某事，用“No, not at all.”。不同意對(duì)方做某事，
則說(shuō)“You’d better not.”
1. —Would you mind my sitting here, Sir? —_________. It’s for my wife. (高淳一模)
A. Not at all B. Certainly not
C. I’m afraid you can’t D. All right
2. —I hope you don’t mind my opening the window. (聯(lián)合體一模)
—________. It’s much too hot today.
A. All right B. Never mind C. You’re welcome D. Of course not
②否定祈使句的回答，用“No, I won’t.”
1. ---I feel really nervous before the interview. ---________ . I’m sure you are the best. (高淳)
A. Take it easy B. What’s up C. What’s happening D. Forget it
2. --- Mr Smith, please teach me how to draw on the computer today. (高淳)
--- Oh, no._______. You have to get familiar with the keyboard first.
A. Learn to walk before you run B. It's never too old to learn
C. A good beginning is half done D. The early bird catches the worm
3. —How are things going with you? — ________. (聯(lián)合體)
A. Quite well, thank you. B. Good, and you?
C. Don’t ask me the problem. D. Let me tell you.
4. —I’m going to visit my aunt this evening. She was very kind to us when we were at her home
last time. Remember? (溧水)
— Of course I do._________ .
A. That sounds fun B. It’s very kind of you
C. I hope it won’t be long D. Give my best wishes to her
5. —My family usually goes skating for vacation, I like skating, but I want to try something
different this year.
—__________. (溧水)
A. Let’s go. B. Cheer up. C. Like what? D. Take care.
6. —Don’t have your mobile phone on when you are in the library. —__________. (白下)
A. No, I will B. No, I won’t C. Yes, I will D. Yes, I won’t