2015中考英語復(fù)習(xí):常用短語的區(qū)別與運(yùn)用(1)

字號(hào):

1.happen , take place
    二者都有“發(fā)生”的意思。
    happen指事情的發(fā)生,往往帶有"偶然"的意思。
    It happens that I am free today. 恰好今天我沒有事。
    take place指事先安排或策劃好而后發(fā)生,沒有"偶然"的意思。
    2. must, have to
    must表示說話人的主觀看法;而have to則表示客觀需要。mustn\'t意為“不可以;不允許”;don\'t have to意為“不必”。如:
    (1)My father had to work when he was ten years old。
    (2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now。
    3. arrive , reach , get to
    三者都有“到達(dá)”之意。
    reach為及物動(dòng)詞。They reached Tianjin yesterday。昨天他們到達(dá)天津。
    arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接介詞in或at。
    get to常用于口語,可代替前二者。
    4.because , because of
    二者均表示“因?yàn)椤?BR>    because是連詞,引導(dǎo)狀語從句。
    We stayed at home because it rained. 因?yàn)橄掠?,我們呆在家?BR>    because of是短語介詞,后面接名詞性詞語。
    We stayed at home because of the rain . 因?yàn)橄掠辏覀兇粼诩摇?BR>    5. in front of, in the front of
    in front of…意思是"在……前面",指甲物在乙物之前,兩者互不包括;其反義詞是behind(在……的后面)。如:He walked in fount of me。他走在我的前面。There are some flowers in fount of the house。房子前面有些花卉。
    in the front of 意思是"在某一空間內(nèi)的前部",即甲物在乙物的范圍之內(nèi);其反義詞是at the back of…(在……范圍內(nèi)的后部)。如:There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom。我們的教室前邊有一張大桌子和一塊黑板。
    Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom。我們的老師站在教室前
    6. look , see , watch
    三者都有“看”的意思。
    look是看的過程。I looked , but saw nothing . 我看了,但什么也沒看見。
    see是看的結(jié)果。see a film看電影;see a play看戲(話劇)。
    watch是看移動(dòng)的事物或定晴地看。watch a football match看足球比賽。watch TV看電視。
    7. sometime; sometimes; some time; some times
    sometime是副詞,可與過去時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)連用,表示"(在過去)某個(gè)時(shí)候"或"(在將來)某個(gè)時(shí)候"。如: I saw him sometime in May。
    some time多數(shù)情況下作名詞短語,意為"一些時(shí)間;一些時(shí)候";它還可以作副詞詞組,用來表示一個(gè)未肯定的時(shí)刻,此時(shí)它可與sometime互換。如: I\'ll be away for some time。
    sometimes是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間頻率的副詞,意為"有時(shí)候"。如:Sometimes I help my mother with the housework。
    some times是"幾次、幾倍"之意。如:They have been there several times。
    8. how long, how often, how far, how soon
    how long意為"多久、多長時(shí)間",主要是對(duì)一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問,答語通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等時(shí)間段,它可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。
    How long do you stay in Beijing every year? 每年你在北京住多久?
    how often意為"多久……次、是否經(jīng)常",用來提問在某一特定的時(shí)間進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作的次數(shù),答語通常是always,usually,often,sometimes,once/twice a day/month等。
    How often do you get to school very early? 你多久早到校一次?
    how far意為"多遠(yuǎn)",對(duì)距離提問時(shí)用。How far is that? 那有多遠(yuǎn)?
    how soon意為"還要多久",是對(duì)從某個(gè)基本時(shí)間到將來某動(dòng)作結(jié)束或某動(dòng)作發(fā)生這段時(shí)間提問,常用在一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子中,其答語通常是"in + 一段時(shí)間"。
    -How soon can you finish the work? 還要多久你能完成這項(xiàng)工作?
    -In half an hour. 半小時(shí)后。
    9. agree with,agree to,agree on
    兩者都有“同意”、“贊成”的意思。
    agree with 后面常接表示人或意見(看法)的名詞作賓語。agree with 還有“適合”、“符合”的含義。如:The climate here doesn\'t agree with him。他不適合這里的氣候。
    agree to 后面一般接表示提議、辦法、計(jì)劃之類的名詞作賓語。
    agree on就…達(dá)成一致的意見。
    10. across , cross, crossing, through, past
    (1)cross 意為“橫過, 穿過”為動(dòng)詞,相當(dāng)于walk(go,run)across
    Look both ways before you cross the road。
    (2)across意為“橫過,穿過”為介詞,不作動(dòng)詞,不能作謂語,常放在動(dòng)詞之后,如:go across
    He walked across the field。
    (3)through 是介詞,含有“從…中間穿越”之意,表示四周含有物體的穿越。
    The ball went through the window。
    (4)past既可作形容詞也可作副詞,做副詞時(shí)有:“穿過,越過”之意。
    Will you be going past my house on your way home?
    (5)crossing意為“渡口,人行橫道,(鐵路與公路的)交叉點(diǎn)。
    All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing。