一、語音知識(shí)
1、
A．soup
B．routine
C．route
D．shoulder
2、 A．a(chǎn)rea B．a(chǎn)ppeal C．bacteria D．cafeteria
3、 A．Canadian B．mission C．million D．billion
4、 A．Russian B．revision C．session D．tension
5、 A．injure B．sure C．culture D．measure 二、詞匯與語法知識(shí) 6、 How________of you to remember my birthday! A．thoughtful B．Thoughtfully C．careful D．carefully
7、 We had a long telephone________yesterday evening． A．dialogue B．conversation C．talk D．speech
8、 ________ have I heard anything like that in my life． A．Only B．Surprisingly C．Never D．However
9、 You may think you know the answer but you don’t，________ ? A．don't you B．may you C．may not you D．do you
10、 The Smiths will move to New York．But we hope to________with them． A．keep touch B．keep at touch C．keep on touch D．keep in touch
11、 Do you think it necessary________an English diary every day? A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
12、 Don't let that old rascal take you________ with his clever talk--none of it is true． A．a(chǎn)long B．In C．a(chǎn)bout D．down
13、 ________ an exciting city Shanghai is! A．So B．Very C．What D．How
14、 ________had he arrived home than it began to rain． A．Not until B．No sooner C．Scarcely D．hardly
15、 The ski resorts are usually crowded． There are many people________skiing． A．enjoy B．that want C．who enjoy D．want
16、 She always buys ________my birthday A．a(chǎn)nything nice to B．a(chǎn)nything nice for C．something nice to D．something nice for
17、 He asked me how long________going to stay in the hotel． A．time was I B．time Iwas C．was I D．Iwas
18、 Dreams are often an elegant means of highlighting problems________ in the present or the past． A．faces B．facing C．faced D．that face
19、 Do earthquakes ________ often in North America? A．break B．break out C．happen to D．occur
20、 We haven't heard ________ news of him since he left the company． A．many B．a(chǎn) lot C．much D．a(chǎn) few 三、完型填空 21、 回答21-35題 Most people are born with the natural ability to 21stories, but only a rare few have the determination to become 22authors, and even fewer have the joy of seeing their novels top the23 of bestselling books．Some of the world' s famous crime writers have achieved the24 success of all．Who can 25 the appeal of famous detectives like Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot? Even if you haven' t read the original books you will have seen 26 in films or on the TV． If you have an ambition to become the 27Agatha Christie what should you do? The best starting 28 is to read lots of examples of crime fiction written by good authors．You will need a notebook to carry around with you or 29 better, some loose 30 of paper that you can 31 notes on and then file into a folder．After all, the most everyday situation -- for example, watching a woman get 32 a train -- may be the 33 for your first bestseller． Like any good recipe you have to know the main 34 of a successful novel．These are: an/a 35 story, strong characters and a memorable setting．
A．say B．tell C．speak D．a(chǎn)nnounce
22、 A．a(chǎn)mateur B．special C．professional D．a(chǎn)uthoritative
23、 A．queue B．list C．row D．line
24、 A．largest B．greatest C．highest D．prime
25、 A．deny B．refuse C．insist D．hide
26、 A．the story B．the book C．a(chǎn)uthors D．them
27、 A．next B．following C．subsequent D．later
28、 A．spot B．tip C．point D．mark
29、 A．even B．still C．very D．so
30、 A．strips B．sheets C．layers D．pieces
31、 A．complete B．do C．fill D．make
32、 A．out B．down C．off D．from
33、 A．notion B．idea C．invention D．inspiration
34、 A．parts B．ingredients C．slices D．sections
35、 A．original B．secondhand C．Interesting D．well-known 四、閱讀理解 36、 回答36-55題 Companies that employ illegal immigrants are to be named and shamed in a further attempt to crack down on people smuggling． The move by the Home Office comes four months after officials launched a concerted effort to identify and prosecute companies breaking the law． More than 200 companies have already been fined for hiring illegal labor． The Home Office says names of companies and directors are to be published on the UK Border Agency website． The agency will publish how many illegal immigrants the company was employing and how much it was fined． By May this year there had been 137 prosecutions under the new rules leading to fines totaling 500,000--almost 3,000 per firm． The total number of prosecutions was 10 times more than were carried out in 2007, and double the total for the previous decade． Immigration chiefs are also switching their focus from small-time illegal employers, such as takeaway restaurants, in an effort to major organized criminal enterprises supplying illegal labor, often relying on international networks to smuggle people into the UK． Some 7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams with police and customs officials in an effort to better target what the Home Office says are illegal working hotspots． These could include areas of the economy where there is a high demand for labor including agriculture, construction and hospitality． Nobody knows how many people are working without permission in the UK--although estimates put the number of illegal residents at more than 500,000． Trade Union leaders have also raised concerns about the government's strategy, arguing that it could drive the worst employers further underground, penalizing exceptionally poor workers unable to break out of a situation they did not necessarily choose．
What has happened in the first four months of the campaign to crack down on companies hiring illegal workers? A．Nothing． The campaign is still in its beginning stage． B．7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams． C．200 companies have been fined． D．3,000 small-time illegal employers have been cracked down．
37、 What steps will officials take to "shame" these companies? A．They will publish their names as well as the details of the offence online． B．They will shut down their business． C．They will inform the police about the illegal hiring． D．They will give poor workers working permission．
38、 Immigration officials are now focusing on________ A．small-time illegal employers B．fining individual workers C．large-scale organized criminal operations D．the government's strategy
39、 Trade Union officials fear that this new campaign (戰(zhàn)役) might end up unjustly penalizing________, by driving the employers further underground． A．employers B．workers C．illegal residents D．companies
40、 回答40-59題 Student Volunteers Needed! On Saturday, December 12th,from 10 A．M．until 4 P． M． , Carverton Middle School will be holding a music festival in the school gymnasium． The special event will feature a variety of professional musicians and singers．
Interested students should speak with Ms．Braxton,the music teacher．Students who would like to help at the festival must have written permission from a parent or guardian．
What time will the festival begin? A．10A．M． B．11A.M． C．1P.M． D．2P．M．
41、 In line 2,the word feature is closest in meaning to________ A．look B．keep C．include D．entertain
42、 What job will be done the day before the festival begins? A．Making posters． B．Setting up the gym． C．Cleaning up the gym． D．Helping the performers．
43、 Who is told to talk to Ms．Braxton? A．Parents． B．Students． C．Teachers． D．Performers．
44、回答44-63題 Human needs seem endless．They might be regarded as making up several levels．When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears．The first and most basic level of needs involves food．Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears．By the end of World War Ⅱ , these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans．Then a third level appeared．It included such items as automobiles and new houses． By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied．Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life-enriching level．While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness．It includes a variety of goods and services．Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation．Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing．On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods．A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action．Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice．After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels．
According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when________ A．he has saved up enough money B．he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter C．he has satisfied his hunger D．he has learned to build houses
45、 It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ , most Americans________ A．were very rich B．lived in poverty C．did not own automobiles D．had own automobiles 46、 What is the main concern of man on the fourth level? A．The more goods the better． B．The more "luxury" items the better． C．The more mental satisfaction the better． D．The more earnings the better．
47、 The author tends to think that the fifth level________ A．would be little better than the fourth level B．may be a lot more desirable than the first four C．can be the last and most satisfying level D．will become attainable before the government takes actions
48、 回答48-67題 Shoes are outer coverings for the foot．They have soles, and most have heels．The upper part of most shoes extend no higher than the ankle．Boots are footwear that reach beyond the ankle．People wear shoes to protect their feet from harsh weather, sharp objects, and uncomfortable surfaces．Shoes are also an important part of people's clothing．As a result, fashion often determines the style of shoes that individuals wear．The desire to be fashionable has led to many unusual shoe styles．In the 1300's, many European men wore shoes called crackowes, which had an extremely long toe．From the 1300's to the 1700's, some European women wore shoes with really thick soles causing walking to be virtually impossible without support．Shoes once worn in the Orient were connected to a stilt(高蹺) as high as six inches．Traditionally, most shoes are made of leather．But many other materials are now used．Including canvas, velvet, and synthetic substances such as plastics．Footwear materials and style vary somewhat, depending on climate, custom, or other differences．Farmers in Netherlands often wear heavy wooden shoes that protect their feet from the damp environment while Japanese wear shoes outside their home but prefer soft slippers at home．In fact, people in some regions often wear foot coverings other than shoes．Some wear sandals during the hot summer and switch to warm boots for the cold winter．
What is the main topic of the passage? A．The history of the shoes． B．Shoes around the world． C．The definition of shoes． D．Shoes and fashion．
49、 What can be inferred from the passage about different types of shoes? A．Boots are defined to be higher than shoes． B．People in the 1300's to 1700's like to wear uncomfortable shoes． C．People in Japan do not like to wear shoes． D．History has proven that the best shoes are made of leather．
50、 According to the passage, what is the main reason for people to wear shoes? A．To look fashionable． B．To feel comfortable． C．Because everyone else wears them． D．To protect their feet．
51、 What is a type of shoes that is mentioned in the passage? A．Slippers． B．Sandals． C．Soles． D．Crackowes.
52、回答52-71題 Sometimes children are kidnapped．Kidnapping is like stealing a child．It is important that kidnapped children are found and brought home as soon as possible．The sooner the public knows about a kidnapping the sooner they might be able to help．Some people decided to start a program that would alert the public about kidnappings right away．This program is called Care Alert．The Care Alert program gives television and radio stations important information about a recently kidnapped child．These stations will then tell the public what happened in hopes that someone might be able to help．Anyone that may have seen something about the kidnapping could then call the police．Sometimes one parent of a child kidnaps his or her own child．These kidnappings are not usually used in the Care Alert program．The Care Alert program is only used when a stranger has taken a child．When a child is kidnapped he is in a lot of danger．It is very important to find him as soon as possible．It is hoped that this new Care Alert program will save children's lives．
What is kidnapping based on the passage7 It is________ A．taking a child away without permission B．making a child sleeping with a song C．hugging a child with love D．saving a child from a stranger
53、 Sometimes one parent of a child will kidnap his or her own child．In this case,________ the Care Alert program． A．publics will get information from B．television may not get information from C．the parent will be punished by D．the child will be saved by
54、 The purpose of this new Care Alert program is to save children's________ A．kidnappers B．lives C．toys D．parents
55、 The best title for the article is________ A．Kidnapping Announcement B．Children's Care C．Kidnapping Alert D．Watch Your Kids 五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 56、 回答56-60題 A．How about her B．What happened C．I believe he D．poor Alan E．I can imagine F．I guess something G．Is she fine now H．I don't know Robyn: Has Alan shown up yet? Scottie: Nope.56 might have come up．Robyn: I wonder what happened, Scottie: 57I hope it's nothing serious．Robyn: Last week his sister was admitted to the hospital．Scottie: Oh? 58 ? Robyn: His sister had a car accident last week．Scottie: 59 ? Robyn: She's still in a coma(昏迷)．Scottie: Oh, 60His sister is the only relative he has left since his mother died last year.
________
57、 ________
58、 ________
59、 ________
60、 ________ 六、書面表達(dá) 61、 你(Li Yuan)聽說你的好朋友(Mike)通過了考試，可以上大學(xué)了。發(fā)一封電子郵件表示祝賀。郵件的內(nèi)容如下： (1)表示祝賀； (2)祝賀的方式。
2、 A．a(chǎn)rea B．a(chǎn)ppeal C．bacteria D．cafeteria
3、 A．Canadian B．mission C．million D．billion
4、 A．Russian B．revision C．session D．tension
5、 A．injure B．sure C．culture D．measure 二、詞匯與語法知識(shí) 6、 How________of you to remember my birthday! A．thoughtful B．Thoughtfully C．careful D．carefully
7、 We had a long telephone________yesterday evening． A．dialogue B．conversation C．talk D．speech
8、 ________ have I heard anything like that in my life． A．Only B．Surprisingly C．Never D．However
9、 You may think you know the answer but you don’t，________ ? A．don't you B．may you C．may not you D．do you
10、 The Smiths will move to New York．But we hope to________with them． A．keep touch B．keep at touch C．keep on touch D．keep in touch
11、 Do you think it necessary________an English diary every day? A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
12、 Don't let that old rascal take you________ with his clever talk--none of it is true． A．a(chǎn)long B．In C．a(chǎn)bout D．down
13、 ________ an exciting city Shanghai is! A．So B．Very C．What D．How
14、 ________had he arrived home than it began to rain． A．Not until B．No sooner C．Scarcely D．hardly
15、 The ski resorts are usually crowded． There are many people________skiing． A．enjoy B．that want C．who enjoy D．want
16、 She always buys ________my birthday A．a(chǎn)nything nice to B．a(chǎn)nything nice for C．something nice to D．something nice for
17、 He asked me how long________going to stay in the hotel． A．time was I B．time Iwas C．was I D．Iwas
18、 Dreams are often an elegant means of highlighting problems________ in the present or the past． A．faces B．facing C．faced D．that face
19、 Do earthquakes ________ often in North America? A．break B．break out C．happen to D．occur
20、 We haven't heard ________ news of him since he left the company． A．many B．a(chǎn) lot C．much D．a(chǎn) few 三、完型填空 21、 回答21-35題 Most people are born with the natural ability to 21stories, but only a rare few have the determination to become 22authors, and even fewer have the joy of seeing their novels top the23 of bestselling books．Some of the world' s famous crime writers have achieved the24 success of all．Who can 25 the appeal of famous detectives like Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot? Even if you haven' t read the original books you will have seen 26 in films or on the TV． If you have an ambition to become the 27Agatha Christie what should you do? The best starting 28 is to read lots of examples of crime fiction written by good authors．You will need a notebook to carry around with you or 29 better, some loose 30 of paper that you can 31 notes on and then file into a folder．After all, the most everyday situation -- for example, watching a woman get 32 a train -- may be the 33 for your first bestseller． Like any good recipe you have to know the main 34 of a successful novel．These are: an/a 35 story, strong characters and a memorable setting．
A．say B．tell C．speak D．a(chǎn)nnounce
22、 A．a(chǎn)mateur B．special C．professional D．a(chǎn)uthoritative
23、 A．queue B．list C．row D．line
24、 A．largest B．greatest C．highest D．prime
25、 A．deny B．refuse C．insist D．hide
26、 A．the story B．the book C．a(chǎn)uthors D．them
27、 A．next B．following C．subsequent D．later
28、 A．spot B．tip C．point D．mark
29、 A．even B．still C．very D．so
30、 A．strips B．sheets C．layers D．pieces
31、 A．complete B．do C．fill D．make
32、 A．out B．down C．off D．from
33、 A．notion B．idea C．invention D．inspiration
34、 A．parts B．ingredients C．slices D．sections
35、 A．original B．secondhand C．Interesting D．well-known 四、閱讀理解 36、 回答36-55題 Companies that employ illegal immigrants are to be named and shamed in a further attempt to crack down on people smuggling． The move by the Home Office comes four months after officials launched a concerted effort to identify and prosecute companies breaking the law． More than 200 companies have already been fined for hiring illegal labor． The Home Office says names of companies and directors are to be published on the UK Border Agency website． The agency will publish how many illegal immigrants the company was employing and how much it was fined． By May this year there had been 137 prosecutions under the new rules leading to fines totaling 500,000--almost 3,000 per firm． The total number of prosecutions was 10 times more than were carried out in 2007, and double the total for the previous decade． Immigration chiefs are also switching their focus from small-time illegal employers, such as takeaway restaurants, in an effort to major organized criminal enterprises supplying illegal labor, often relying on international networks to smuggle people into the UK． Some 7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams with police and customs officials in an effort to better target what the Home Office says are illegal working hotspots． These could include areas of the economy where there is a high demand for labor including agriculture, construction and hospitality． Nobody knows how many people are working without permission in the UK--although estimates put the number of illegal residents at more than 500,000． Trade Union leaders have also raised concerns about the government's strategy, arguing that it could drive the worst employers further underground, penalizing exceptionally poor workers unable to break out of a situation they did not necessarily choose．
What has happened in the first four months of the campaign to crack down on companies hiring illegal workers? A．Nothing． The campaign is still in its beginning stage． B．7,500 immigration officers will be re-organized into more localized teams． C．200 companies have been fined． D．3,000 small-time illegal employers have been cracked down．
37、 What steps will officials take to "shame" these companies? A．They will publish their names as well as the details of the offence online． B．They will shut down their business． C．They will inform the police about the illegal hiring． D．They will give poor workers working permission．
38、 Immigration officials are now focusing on________ A．small-time illegal employers B．fining individual workers C．large-scale organized criminal operations D．the government's strategy
39、 Trade Union officials fear that this new campaign (戰(zhàn)役) might end up unjustly penalizing________, by driving the employers further underground． A．employers B．workers C．illegal residents D．companies
40、 回答40-59題 Student Volunteers Needed! On Saturday, December 12th,from 10 A．M．until 4 P． M． , Carverton Middle School will be holding a music festival in the school gymnasium． The special event will feature a variety of professional musicians and singers．
| Task | Time |
Date |
Make posters |
1 P．M．一4 P．M． |
December 5th |
Set up gym |
11 A．M．一4 P．M． |
December 1th |
Help performers |
9 A．M．一4 P．M． |
December 12th |
Welcome guests |
10 A．M．一2 P．M． |
December 12th |
Clean up gym |
4 P．M．一7 P．M． |
December 12th |
What time will the festival begin? A．10A．M． B．11A.M． C．1P.M． D．2P．M．
41、 In line 2,the word feature is closest in meaning to________ A．look B．keep C．include D．entertain
42、 What job will be done the day before the festival begins? A．Making posters． B．Setting up the gym． C．Cleaning up the gym． D．Helping the performers．
43、 Who is told to talk to Ms．Braxton? A．Parents． B．Students． C．Teachers． D．Performers．
44、回答44-63題 Human needs seem endless．They might be regarded as making up several levels．When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears．The first and most basic level of needs involves food．Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears．By the end of World War Ⅱ , these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans．Then a third level appeared．It included such items as automobiles and new houses． By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied．Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life-enriching level．While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness．It includes a variety of goods and services．Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation．Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing．On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods．A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action．Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice．After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels．
According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when________ A．he has saved up enough money B．he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter C．he has satisfied his hunger D．he has learned to build houses
45、 It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ , most Americans________ A．were very rich B．lived in poverty C．did not own automobiles D．had own automobiles 46、 What is the main concern of man on the fourth level? A．The more goods the better． B．The more "luxury" items the better． C．The more mental satisfaction the better． D．The more earnings the better．
47、 The author tends to think that the fifth level________ A．would be little better than the fourth level B．may be a lot more desirable than the first four C．can be the last and most satisfying level D．will become attainable before the government takes actions
48、 回答48-67題 Shoes are outer coverings for the foot．They have soles, and most have heels．The upper part of most shoes extend no higher than the ankle．Boots are footwear that reach beyond the ankle．People wear shoes to protect their feet from harsh weather, sharp objects, and uncomfortable surfaces．Shoes are also an important part of people's clothing．As a result, fashion often determines the style of shoes that individuals wear．The desire to be fashionable has led to many unusual shoe styles．In the 1300's, many European men wore shoes called crackowes, which had an extremely long toe．From the 1300's to the 1700's, some European women wore shoes with really thick soles causing walking to be virtually impossible without support．Shoes once worn in the Orient were connected to a stilt(高蹺) as high as six inches．Traditionally, most shoes are made of leather．But many other materials are now used．Including canvas, velvet, and synthetic substances such as plastics．Footwear materials and style vary somewhat, depending on climate, custom, or other differences．Farmers in Netherlands often wear heavy wooden shoes that protect their feet from the damp environment while Japanese wear shoes outside their home but prefer soft slippers at home．In fact, people in some regions often wear foot coverings other than shoes．Some wear sandals during the hot summer and switch to warm boots for the cold winter．
What is the main topic of the passage? A．The history of the shoes． B．Shoes around the world． C．The definition of shoes． D．Shoes and fashion．
49、 What can be inferred from the passage about different types of shoes? A．Boots are defined to be higher than shoes． B．People in the 1300's to 1700's like to wear uncomfortable shoes． C．People in Japan do not like to wear shoes． D．History has proven that the best shoes are made of leather．
50、 According to the passage, what is the main reason for people to wear shoes? A．To look fashionable． B．To feel comfortable． C．Because everyone else wears them． D．To protect their feet．
51、 What is a type of shoes that is mentioned in the passage? A．Slippers． B．Sandals． C．Soles． D．Crackowes.
52、回答52-71題 Sometimes children are kidnapped．Kidnapping is like stealing a child．It is important that kidnapped children are found and brought home as soon as possible．The sooner the public knows about a kidnapping the sooner they might be able to help．Some people decided to start a program that would alert the public about kidnappings right away．This program is called Care Alert．The Care Alert program gives television and radio stations important information about a recently kidnapped child．These stations will then tell the public what happened in hopes that someone might be able to help．Anyone that may have seen something about the kidnapping could then call the police．Sometimes one parent of a child kidnaps his or her own child．These kidnappings are not usually used in the Care Alert program．The Care Alert program is only used when a stranger has taken a child．When a child is kidnapped he is in a lot of danger．It is very important to find him as soon as possible．It is hoped that this new Care Alert program will save children's lives．
What is kidnapping based on the passage7 It is________ A．taking a child away without permission B．making a child sleeping with a song C．hugging a child with love D．saving a child from a stranger
53、 Sometimes one parent of a child will kidnap his or her own child．In this case,________ the Care Alert program． A．publics will get information from B．television may not get information from C．the parent will be punished by D．the child will be saved by
54、 The purpose of this new Care Alert program is to save children's________ A．kidnappers B．lives C．toys D．parents
55、 The best title for the article is________ A．Kidnapping Announcement B．Children's Care C．Kidnapping Alert D．Watch Your Kids 五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 56、 回答56-60題 A．How about her B．What happened C．I believe he D．poor Alan E．I can imagine F．I guess something G．Is she fine now H．I don't know Robyn: Has Alan shown up yet? Scottie: Nope.56 might have come up．Robyn: I wonder what happened, Scottie: 57I hope it's nothing serious．Robyn: Last week his sister was admitted to the hospital．Scottie: Oh? 58 ? Robyn: His sister had a car accident last week．Scottie: 59 ? Robyn: She's still in a coma(昏迷)．Scottie: Oh, 60His sister is the only relative he has left since his mother died last year.
________
57、 ________
58、 ________
59、 ________
60、 ________ 六、書面表達(dá) 61、 你(Li Yuan)聽說你的好朋友(Mike)通過了考試，可以上大學(xué)了。發(fā)一封電子郵件表示祝賀。郵件的內(nèi)容如下： (1)表示祝賀； (2)祝賀的方式。