2013高考復(fù)習(xí):英語中反義疑問句

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    1.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I,而句子又用來征詢對方的意見時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語用you。如:
    I find English very interesting, don’t you?
    I don’t like that film, do you?
    2.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代詞時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody, no one等作主語,具有否定概念時(shí)。如:
    Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they?
    Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they?
    Nobody wants to go there, does he?
    3.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定代詞everything, nothing, anything, something時(shí),附加 疑問句中的主語一般用it,不用they。如:
    Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?
    Nothing is kept in good order, is it?
    Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it?
    4.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this, that或these, those時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語分別用it和they。如:
    This is important, isn’t it?
    That isn’t correct, is it?
    These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?
    5.如果陳述部分是以代詞one作主語,附加疑問句中的主語在正式場合用one,非正式場合用you,在美國英語中,在非正式場合還可以用he。如:
    One can’t be too careful, can one?或can you?
    One should do his duty, shouldn’t he?
    6.如果陳述部分用I’m…結(jié)構(gòu),附加疑問部分一般用aren’t I。如:
    I am strong and healthy aren’t I。
    7.當(dāng)陳述句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語也用there。如:
    There’s no help for it, is there?
    There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
    8.陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),附加疑問部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。如:
    Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
    Few people know him, do they?
    She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
    如果陳述部分的否定詞帶有否定前綴,那么,該陳述部分作肯定處理,附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。如:
    He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?
    Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
    9.當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí),附加疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如:
    She says that I did it, doesn’t she?
    I told them not everybody could do it ,didn’t I?
    但當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I,謂語是think, believe, suppose, expect這類動(dòng)詞時(shí),附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系,但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。
    I suppose that he’s serious isn’t he?
    I don’t think she cares, does she?
    10.當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句,附加疑問句則需和就近的分句的主語和謂語一致。如:
    Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn’t he?
    11.在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中,附加疑問部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you,有時(shí)也可用can you, can’t you, why don’t you, could you等。如:
    Don’t open the door, will you?
    Give me some cigarettes, can you?
    Take a rest, why don’t you?
    但是,以let’s開頭的祈使句,附加疑問部分用shall we;以let us開頭的祈使句,如果含義是allow us,不包括聽話人在內(nèi),疑問部分用will you。如:
    Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?
    Let us go out for a rest, will you?
    12.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表示“必須”時(shí),疑問部分用mustn’t。如:
    You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?
    I must answer the letter, mustn’t I?
    但若表推測這層含義時(shí),不能用must,而要根據(jù)陳述部分的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)(即must之后的動(dòng)詞)以及含義采用相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞形式。如:
    You must have made a mistake, haven’t you?
    They must have seen the film last week, didn’t they?
    He must be in the library, isn’t he?
    13.當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to時(shí),疑問部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如:
    The old man used to smoke, didn’t he?或usedn’t he?
    Tom used to live here, usedn’t he?或didn’t he?
    14. 當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to時(shí),疑問部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如:
    He ought to know the answer, oughtn’t he?
    We ought to read this book, oughtn’t we?或shouldn’t we?
    15.當(dāng)陳述部分含有had better時(shí),疑問部分用had。
    如: You’d better finish your homework now, hadn’t you?
    16.感嘆句后的附加疑問句的謂語動(dòng)詞需用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí),且常用否定形式。如:
    What a clever boy, isn’t he?
    What a lovely day, isn’t it?
    17.陳述句子中的主語為動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或其他短語時(shí),疑問部分的主語通常用it。如:
    Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it?
    Between six and seven will suit you, won’t it?
    Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
    18.在口語和非正式文體中,為了加強(qiáng)語氣,只是表示某種驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺等感情而并不是為了尋求回答,這時(shí)前后兩部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:
    Oh, he is a writer, is he?
    You’ll not go, won’t you?
    19.陳述句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是wish,表示愿望時(shí)用may,且用肯定形式。如:
    I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?
    20.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有表示“所有”含義的動(dòng)詞have(has)時(shí),疑問部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:
    You have a new bike, haven’t you(或don’t you)?
    She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?