Part Ⅰ Structure and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)
Example:
I have been to the Great Wall three times _________ 1979.
[A]from [B]after [C]for [D]since
The sentence should read, I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979. Therefore, you should choose [D].
Sample Answer
[A][B][C][Ｄ]
1.If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I _________ my head in my hands for a cry.
[A]bury [B]am burying [C]buried [D]would bury
2.Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port _________ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.
[A]to announce [B]announced [C]announcing [D]was announced
3.According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one _________ wait instead of searching for it.
[A]would rather [B]had to [C]cannot but [D]had best
4.She felt suitably humble just as she _________ when he had first taken a good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.
[A]had [B]had had [C]would have and [D]has had
5.There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite _________ from leadership of it, would intervene personally.
[A] being resigned [B]having resigned
[C]going to resign [D]resign
6.So involved with their computers _________ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
[A]became the children [B]become the children
[C]had the children become [D]do the children become
7.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _________ an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.
[A]everything except [B]anything but
[C]no less than [D]nothing more than
8.One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. _________ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.
[A]By [B]In [C]For [D]With
9.Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to _________ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.
[A]as [B]which [C]that [D]what
10.Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, _________ they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
[A]be [B]being [C]were [D]are
Section B
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the rackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Example:
The lost car of the Lees was found _________ in the woods off the highway.
[A]vanished [B]scattered [C]abandoned [D]rejected
The sentence should read. The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway. There fore, you should choose [C].
Sample Answer
[A][B][C][D]
11.He is too young to be able to _________ between right and wrong.
[A]discard [B]discern [C]disperse [D]disregard
12.It was no _________ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.
[A]coincidence [B]convention [C]certainty [D]complication
13.One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships _________ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.
[A]cautiously [B]dutifully [C]faithfully [D]skillfully
14.The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _________ the welfare of his animals.
[A]critical about [B]indignant at [C]indifferent to [D]subject to
15.The chairman of the board _________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.
[A]compelled [B]posed [C]pressed [D]tempted
16.It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _________,
[A]for long [B]in and out [C]once for all [D]by nature
17.Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in _________ and lack of unity in style.
[A]conflict [B]confrontation [C]disturbance [D]disharmony
18.The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _________.
[A]thrived [B]swelled [C]prospered [D]flourished
19.However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.
[A]overturn [B]overtake [C]offset [D]oppress
20.Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _________.
[A]firm [B]coMPAny [C]corporation [D]enterprise
21.When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately recognizes it as _________.
[A]novel [B]remote [C]distant [D]foreign
22.My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I _________ at a garage sale.
[A]trifled with [B]scraped through [C]stumbled upon [D]thirsted for
23.Some day software will translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any common second language could _________.
[A]descend [B]decline [C]deteriorate [D]depress
24.Equipment not _________ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.
[A]conforming to [B]consistent with
[C]predominant over [D]providing for
25.As an industry, biotechnology stands to _________ electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social iMPAct by 2020.
[A]contend [B]contest [C]rival [D]strive
26.The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving _________ for the states and liberty for individuals.
[A]autonomy [B]dignity [C]monopoly [D]stabilit
27.For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost _________ as microorganisms.
[A]precisely [B]instantly [C]initially [D]exclusively
28.The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _________, particularly in Western Europe.
[A]obscure [B]obsolete [C]optional [D]overlapping
29.Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just _________ and needs proving.
[A]spontaneous [B]hypothetical [C]intuitive [D]empirical
30.The future of this coMPAny is _________: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.
[A]at odds [B]in trouble [C]in vain [D]at stake
Part Ⅱ Cloze Test
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.
In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press. Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.
In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee. Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control.
39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.
The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.
Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46 our British judges, he said.
Witness payments became an 47 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdicts.
31.[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular [D]such as
32.[A]tightening [B]intensifying [C]focusing [D]fastening
33.[A]sketch [B]rough [C]preliminary [D]draft
34.[A]illogical [B]illegal [C]improbable [D]improper
35.[A]publicity [B]penalty [C]popularity [D]peculiarity
36.[A]since [B]if [C]before [D]as
37.[A]sided [B]shared [C]complied [D]agreed
38.[A]present [B]offer [C]manifest [D]indicate
39.[A]Release [B]Publication [C]Printing [D]Exposure
40.[A]storm [B]rage [C]flare [D]flash
41.[A]translation [B]interpretation [C]exhibition [D]demonstration
42.[A]better than [B]other than [C]rather than [D]sooner than
43.[A]changes [B]makes [C]sets [D]turns
44.[A]binding [B]convincing [C]restraining [D]sustaining
45.[A]authorized [B]credited [C]entitled [D]qualified
46.[A]with [B]to [C]from [D]by
47.[A]iMPAct [B]incident [C]inference [D]issue
48.[A]stated [B]remarked [C]said [D]told
49.[A]what [B]when [C]which [D]that
50.[A]assure [B]confide [C]ensure [D]guarantee
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(40 points)
Passage 1
Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.
No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word 'amateur' does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.
A coMPArison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporatel, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.
51.The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _________.
[A]sociology and chemistry
[B]physics and psychology
[C]sociology and psychology
[D]physics and chemistry
52.We can infer from the passage that _________.
[A] there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisation
[B]amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science
[C]professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community
[D]amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones
53.The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate _________.
[A]the process of specialization and professionalisation
[B]the hardship of amateurs in scientific study
[C]the change of policies in scientific publications
[D]the discrimination of professionals against amateurs
54.The direct reason for specialization is _________.
[A]the development in communication
[B]the growth of professionalisation
[C]the expansion of scientific knowledge
[D]the splitting up of academic societies
Passage 2
A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for coMBAting world poverty that we've ever had.
Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.
To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is why America's Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain's former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you're going to be. That doesn't mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.
55.Digital divide is something _________.
[A]getting worse because of the Internet
[B]the rich countries are responsible for
[C]the world must guard against
[D]considered positive today
56.Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.
[A]offers economic potentials
[B]can bring foreign funds
[C]can soon wipe out world poverty
[D]connects people all over the world
57.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.
[A]providing financial support overseas
[B]preventing foreign capital's control
[C]building industrial infrastructure
[D]accepting foreign investment
58.It seems that now a country's economy depends much on _________.
[A]how well developed it is electronically
[B]whether it is prejudiced against immigrants
[C]whether it adopts America's industrial pattern
[D]how much control it has over foreign corporations
Passage 3
Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.
Replies show that coMPAred with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.
This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.
59.What is the passage mainly about?
[A]needs of the readers all over the world
[B]causes of the public disappointment about newspapers
[C]origins of the declining newspaper industry
[D]aims of a journalism credibility project
60.The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be_________.
[A]quite trustworthy [B]somewhat contradictory
[C]very illuminating [D]rather superficial
61.The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their _________.
[A]working attitude [B]conventional lifestyle
[C]world outlook [D]educational background
62.Despite its efforts, he newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its _________.
[A]failure to realize its real problem
[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters
[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting
[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender