16.
The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為The key will be…。to abandon… sustainability為不定式作表語。which centre on the need… damage為非限制性定語從句，修飾的是measures of sustainability。
【譯文】關(guān)鍵是要摒棄簡單的、一成不變的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法，這些方法以滿足生產(chǎn)需要但又不增加對環(huán)境的破壞為中心。
17.
That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句，主架為That is a… larger question… and it is one…。much修飾larger。than后接了兩個由or連接的賓語從句：what should… workers和how best… border。that… groups為定語從句，修飾的是one。在該定語從句中，謂語affects后跟兩個由并列結(jié)構(gòu)not only… but… 連接的賓語，分別是newcomers和groups。that have been here for generations為定語從句，修飾的是groups。
【譯文】這個問題，比“對沒有合法身份的工人應(yīng)該采取什么政策”、“怎樣才能保證邊境安全”之類的問題要重要得多，它不但影響到新移民，也影響到那些在美國生活了好幾代的族群。
18.
In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句，主架為Italians, Romanians and members… became… Americans and contributed… to the building。of other so-called inferior races為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾members。in ways too numerous to detail為插入語。
【譯文】隨著時間的流逝，意大利人、羅馬尼亞人以及其他被稱作“劣等民族”的人成為了美國人中的典范，他們以各種各樣的方式為建設(shè)偉大的美國貢獻(xiàn)良多。
19.
But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為we… ought to ask… questions…。But表轉(zhuǎn)折。as arguments… campaign trail為時間狀語從句。about…, about…為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾questions。how to ensure為賓語從句，作about的賓語。that people…shores為賓語從句，作ensure的賓語，在該從句中，once outsiders為插入語。
【譯文】在總統(tǒng)競選活動中，移民問題又再次升溫，我們應(yīng)該問些更廣泛的有關(guān)“同化”的問題，即如何保證這些過去的局外人不會在這個國度永遠(yuǎn)處于邊緣地位。
20.
Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。本句主干為development is applied to everything, and it has become difficult to question…。from… to… 意為“從…到…”，from… to… growth修飾everything。as a result表示結(jié)果。either… or… 意為“或者…或者…”，either… or the way 作question的賓語。the concept is put to use是定語從句，先行詞為way，在這里可以不用引導(dǎo)詞。
【譯文】可持續(xù)發(fā)展被應(yīng)用到了從能源到潔凈水和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的幾乎每個領(lǐng)域。結(jié)果，要想質(zhì)問這一概念背后的基本假設(shè)或者這一概念是如何被執(zhí)行的，就變得很困難。
The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為The key will be…。to abandon… sustainability為不定式作表語。which centre on the need… damage為非限制性定語從句，修飾的是measures of sustainability。
【譯文】關(guān)鍵是要摒棄簡單的、一成不變的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法，這些方法以滿足生產(chǎn)需要但又不增加對環(huán)境的破壞為中心。
17.
That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句，主架為That is a… larger question… and it is one…。much修飾larger。than后接了兩個由or連接的賓語從句：what should… workers和how best… border。that… groups為定語從句，修飾的是one。在該定語從句中，謂語affects后跟兩個由并列結(jié)構(gòu)not only… but… 連接的賓語，分別是newcomers和groups。that have been here for generations為定語從句，修飾的是groups。
【譯文】這個問題，比“對沒有合法身份的工人應(yīng)該采取什么政策”、“怎樣才能保證邊境安全”之類的問題要重要得多，它不但影響到新移民，也影響到那些在美國生活了好幾代的族群。
18.
In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為簡單句，主架為Italians, Romanians and members… became… Americans and contributed… to the building。of other so-called inferior races為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾members。in ways too numerous to detail為插入語。
【譯文】隨著時間的流逝，意大利人、羅馬尼亞人以及其他被稱作“劣等民族”的人成為了美國人中的典范，他們以各種各樣的方式為建設(shè)偉大的美國貢獻(xiàn)良多。
19.
But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為we… ought to ask… questions…。But表轉(zhuǎn)折。as arguments… campaign trail為時間狀語從句。about…, about…為介詞短語作后置定語，修飾questions。how to ensure為賓語從句，作about的賓語。that people…shores為賓語從句，作ensure的賓語，在該從句中，once outsiders為插入語。
【譯文】在總統(tǒng)競選活動中，移民問題又再次升溫，我們應(yīng)該問些更廣泛的有關(guān)“同化”的問題，即如何保證這些過去的局外人不會在這個國度永遠(yuǎn)處于邊緣地位。
20.
Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008年12月)
【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。本句主干為development is applied to everything, and it has become difficult to question…。from… to… 意為“從…到…”，from… to… growth修飾everything。as a result表示結(jié)果。either… or… 意為“或者…或者…”，either… or the way 作question的賓語。the concept is put to use是定語從句，先行詞為way，在這里可以不用引導(dǎo)詞。
【譯文】可持續(xù)發(fā)展被應(yīng)用到了從能源到潔凈水和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的幾乎每個領(lǐng)域。結(jié)果，要想質(zhì)問這一概念背后的基本假設(shè)或者這一概念是如何被執(zhí)行的，就變得很困難。