情 況
例 句
說 明
含有否定意義的副詞或連詞放在句首時
Never before have we seen such a sight.
以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。
Little did I think that he could be back alive.
我沒有想到他竟能活著回來。
Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift.
我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。
Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.
不僅他所有的一切被沒收了，而且連他的德國公民權(quán)也被剝奪了。
常用否定詞有： never,not,hardly,
scarcely seldom, little, not until, not only…but also, no sooner …than, hardly (scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
副詞only放在句首時
Only then did he realize his mistakes .
只有在那時，他才認(rèn)識到自己的錯誤。
Only in this way can you learn maths well .
只有用這種方法，你才能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)。
Only Mother can understand me .
只有母親最理解我。
Only three of us failed in the exam.
我們中只有三個人考試不及格。
only 起強調(diào)作用，其句型為“only +狀語+部分倒裝”。
如置于句首的only修飾主語，則不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
虛擬語氣條件從句中
Were they here, they would help us .
他們要是在這兒，他們會幫助我們的。
Had I been informed earlier. I could have done something.
我要是早得到通知，我就能干事了。
Should you fail, take more pain and try again.
萬一你失敗了，就要更加刻苦，重新再干。
把從句中if省略將were，had或should放在主語的前面。
直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時
“He is a clever boy”said the teacher.
老師說：“他是個聰明的孩子。”
“Go, Dick, go!”cried Tom,“Go home and get help”“走，狄克，走！”湯姆呼喊著，“快回家去求援”
“What do you think of the film? ”he asked.
他問“你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣？”
“I’m leaving for Hongkong next month”Mary told me yesterday.
瑪利告訴我“我下月要去香港”。
主句主語和謂語次序顛倒，用完全倒裝。
但如果主句主語為代詞時或謂語部分比主語長，一般不用倒裝。
表示祝愿的句子中
May you succeed! 祝你成功。
Long live the Communist Party of China.
中國共產(chǎn)黨萬歲！
謂語動詞或謂語的一部分放在主語的前面。
副詞so在句首
He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I .
他對流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。
They will learn chemistry next term, so will I .
他們下學(xué)期學(xué)化學(xué)，我也學(xué)。
I can drive a car, so can my younger brother.
我會開汽車，我弟弟也會開車。
表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個人或另一事物的肯定句中。
—Tom won the first prize for the English
competition.
－So he did.
英語競賽湯姆獲得了一等獎。確實如此。
It was cold yesterday. So it was .
昨天天氣冷。的確冷。
如果后面的句子只是單純重復(fù)前句的意思，不表示也適用于另一人或事，則不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
在頻度狀語often, always, many a time等開頭的句子中
Often did we warn them not to do so.
我們曾多次警告他們不要這樣做。
Many a time has she helped me with my English.
她不止一次地幫助或?qū)W習(xí)英語。
在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首
Thus ended his life.這樣結(jié)束了他的生命。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him .
他講話的聲音那樣大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽得見。
介詞短語作狀語，放在句首
In the middle of the room stood a little girl.
在房間中央站著一個小女孩。
In the distance was a horse.
馬在遠(yuǎn)處。
在強調(diào)表語的句子中
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
阿爾伯特·曼因斯坦就是這樣一個人，一個純樸而又取得巨大成就的人。
Such is life. 生活就是這樣。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
附近有兩只他們來這個島乘坐的獨木船