2012職稱英語《綜合類A級》考前沖刺試題(1)
第1部分：詞匯選項
下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。
1 The news will horrify everyone.
A attract
B terrify
C tempt
D excite
2 The article sketched the major events of the decades.
A described
B offered
C outlined
D excite
3 I won‘t tolerate that kind of behavior.
A bear
B receive
C admit
D take
4 Their style of playing football is utterlydifferent.
A barely
B scarcely
C hardly
D totally
5 Her sister urged her to apply for the job.
A advised
B caused
C forced
D promised
6 Even sensible men do absured things.
A unusual
B ridiculous
C special
D typical
7 She bumped into her boyfriend in town this morning.
A walked
B came
C fled
D ran
8 This sort of thing is bound to happen.
A sure
B quick
C fast
D swift
9 At the age of 30， Hersey suddenly became a celebrity.
A boss
B manager
C star
D dictator
10 He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.
A judge
B assess
C distinguish
D recognize
11 They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the Indians who dwell in it.
A live
B sleep
C hide
D gather
12 The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity.
A.method
B.measure
C.way
D.manner
13 The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.
A old-fashioned
B traditional
C conventional
D balanced
14 The food is inadequate for ten people.
A demanded
B qualified
C insufficient
D required
15 She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.
A persisted
B insisted
C resisted
D suggested
1 B 2. C 3. A 4.D 5.A
6.B 7.D 8. A 9.C 10. C
11. A 12.B 13.D 14. C 15. A
第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1～7題，每題1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。
Creating a World without Smoking
Smoking will be banned in all pubs， clubs and workplaces from next year after historic votes in the Commons last night. After last-minute appeals from health campaigners， MPs opted for a blanket prohibition which will start in summer 2007， ending months of argument over whether smokers should be barred in pubs and restaurants only. They voted to ban smoking in all pubs and clubs by 384 to 184， a surprisingly large majority of 200.
Smoking will still be allowed in the home and in places considered to be homes， such as prisons， care homes and hotels.
Smokers lighting up in banned areas will face a fixed penality notice of ￡50 and spot fines of ￡200 will be introduced for failing to display no-smoking signs， with the possible penalty， if the issue goes to court， increasing to ￡1，000.
Carpline Flint， the Public Health Minister， also announced that the fine for failing to stop people smoking in banned areas would be increased to ￡2，500-more than ten times the ￡200 originally proposed.
The Bill also allows the Government to increase the age for buying cigarettes. Ministers will consult on raising it from 16 to 18.
The Bill now goes to the Lords but will be through by the summer recess.
Even a plan to allow smoking to continue in private clubs was thrown out as MPs on all sides were given permission to vote with their conscience rather than on a party line.
Patricia Hewitt， the Health Secretary， said the Health Bill would ban smoking in “virtually every enclosed public place and workplace” in England and save thousands of lives a year. Smoke-free workplaces and public places“ will become the norm”。
She said：“An additional 600，000 people will give up smoking as a result of this law and millions more will be protected from second-hand smoke.”
Peter Hollins， director-general of the British Heart Foundation， said：“The vote is a landmark victory for the public health of this country and will save the lives of many people.”
1. A ban on smoking in all pubs， clubs and workplaces will begin in summer 2007.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The law doesn‘t seem to apply to officials.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. One can nevertheless smoke at home.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. There is a possibility for the Government to raise the age for buying cigarettes.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. The Government will shut down cigarette factories in large numbers.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The Government will definitely impose a much heavier tax on tobacco.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. The Government will take necessary measures to help smokers give up smoking.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案：A B A A C C C
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第1~8題，每題1分，共8分）
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試 任務：（1）第1-4題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2-5段每段選擇1個正確的小標題;（2）第5-8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。
Can Mobile Phones Cause Disease？
1 “Mobile phone killed my man，” screamed one headline last year. Also came claims that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss. And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly （假定地） showing how mobile phones heat the brain.
2 For anyone who uses a mobile phone， these are worrying times. But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scares and you will hear a different story. According to them， there is no evidence that mobile phones cause cancer or any other illness in people.
3 What we do have， however， are some results suggesting that mobile phones’ emissions have a variety of strange effects on living tissue that can‘t be explained by the general radiation biology. And it’s only when the questions raised by these experiments are answered that we‘ll be able to say for sure what mobile phones might be doing to the head.
4 One of the odd effects comes from the now famous =memory loss“ study. Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device that imitated the microwave emissions of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers. The volunteers were just as good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen whether or not the device was switched on. Preece says he still can’t comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end. But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive abilities. ”I‘m pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory，“ he says.
5 Another expert， Tattersall， remarked that his latest findings have removed fears about memory loss. One result， for instance， suggests that nerve cell synapses （突角） exposed to microwaves become more - rather than less - receptive （感受的） to undergoing changes linked to memory formation.
6 Hopefully， microwaves might turn out to be good for you. It sounds crazy， but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in California， found that mice exposed to microwaves for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain turnouts when given a cancer-causing chemical.
1 paragraph 2 。
2 Paragraph 3 。
3 Paragraph 4 。
4 Paragraph 5 。
A Bad Results
B Widespread Opposition
C Groundless Anxiety
D No Effect on Short-term Memory
E Mysterious Effects
F Further Reassurance
5 There is no to indicate that mobile phones cause any illness 。
6 It that mobile phones might be good for health 。
7 The safety problem with mobile phones has 。
8 Tattersall said for sure that the over memory loss caused by mobile phones was ungrounded 。
A different messages
B is hoped
C public attention
D solid evidence
E attracted public attention
F public anxiety
5. D 6. B 7. E 8. F
閱讀理解
閱讀下面短文，短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定1個選項。
Trying to Find a Parther
One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people inbterviewed，one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.
Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships？Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love？Or are we making it harder for ourselves？
It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships.Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status.A man doesn’t expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children.
But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.
In theory，finding a partner should be much simpler these days.Only a few generations ago，your choice of soulmate （心上人） was constrained（限制） by geography，social convention and family tradition.Although it was never explicit，many marriages were essentially arranged.
Now those barriers have been broken down.You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening.When the world is your oyster （牡蠣），you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.
But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint:the tyranny of choice.
The expectations of partners are inflated（提高） to an unmanageable degree:good looks，impressive salary，kind to grandmother，and right socks.There is no room for error in the first impression.
We think that a relationship can be perfect.If it isn’t，it is disposable.We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don’t put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship.Of course，this is complicated by realities.The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.
1.What does the recent poll show？
A.It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband.
B.It is getting increasingly difficult to start a familyl.
C.It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife.
D.It is getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationship with your spouse.
2.Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple？
A.The wife doesn’t have to raise the children all by herself.
B.The husband doesn’t have to support the family all by himself.
C.The wife is no longer the only person to manage the household.
D.They will receive a large sum of money from the govemment.
3.Which of the following was NOT a constraint on one’s choice of soulmate in the old days？
A.The health condition of his or her grandmother.
B.The geographical environment.
C.The social convention.
D.The family tradition.
4.Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage？
A.Good looks.
B.An impressive career.
C.A high salary.
D.A fine sense of humor.
5.The word“sustain”（paragraph 2）could be best replaced by
A.“reduce”。
B.“shake”。
C.“maintain”。
D.“weaken”。
答案： D B A D C
第5部分：補全短文（第46～50題，每題2分，共10分）
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
American Dreams
There is a common response to America among foreign writers： the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliché（陳詞濫調）。
In the land of black and white，people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.______________（1） No class system or government stands in the way.
Sadly，this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.
The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. ______________（2）
Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent，however，it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. ______________（3）
Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California，incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969. ______________（4） This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population，it is the highest percentage in the developed world.
Yet the tax burden on America’s rich is falling，not growing. ______________（5） There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.
A Nobody is poor in the US.
B The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.
C For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.
D Now it is 9.8 times.
E As it does so，the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.
F All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
答案：F E D B C
第6部分：完形填空
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內容從4個選項中選擇1個答案。
Sending E-mails to Professors
One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（1）for copies of her teaching notes.
Another（2）that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.
At colleges and universities in the US，e-mail has made professors more approachable（平易近人）.But many say it has made them too accessible，（3）boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.
These days，professors say，students seem to view them as available（4）the clock，sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.
”The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding（令人吃驚的），“said Michael Kessler，an assistant dean at Georgetown University.”They‘ll（5）you to help：’I need to know this.‘“
”There’s a fine（6）between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy（正統(tǒng)性）as an （7）who is in charge.“
Christopher Dede，a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education，said（8）show that students no longer defer to（聽從）their professors，perhaps because they realize that professors‘ （9）could rapidly become outdated.
”The deference was driven by the （10）that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge，“Dede said，and that notion has（11）。
For junior faculty members，e-mails bring new tension into their work，some say，as they struggle with how to（12）.Their job prospects，they realize，may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.
College students say e-mail makes（13）easier to ask questions and helps them learn.
But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（14）them，said Alexandra Lahav，and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.
She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son.Professor Lahav did not respond.
”Such e-mails can have consequences，“she said.”Students don’t understand that （15）they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional，and could result in a bad recommendation.“
1.A.providing B.offering C.supplying D.asking
2.A.complained B.argued C.explained D.believed
3.A.removing B.moving C.putting D.placing
4.A.about B.around C.at D.from
5.A.control B.shout C.order D.make
6.A.requirement B.contradiction C.tension D.balance
7.A.teacher B.instructor C.lecturer D.professor
8.A.e-mails B.passages C.texts D.books
9.A.technology B.expertise C.science D.imagination
10.A.tradition B.sense C.notion D.meaning
11.A.strengthened B.weakened C.reinforced D.consolidated
12.A.ask B.question C.respond D.request
13.A.him B.her C.you D.it
14.A.on B.against C.in D.about
15.A.this B.which C.that D.what
答案：1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.D
第1部分：詞匯選項
下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。
1 The news will horrify everyone.
A attract
B terrify
C tempt
D excite
2 The article sketched the major events of the decades.
A described
B offered
C outlined
D excite
3 I won‘t tolerate that kind of behavior.
A bear
B receive
C admit
D take
4 Their style of playing football is utterlydifferent.
A barely
B scarcely
C hardly
D totally
5 Her sister urged her to apply for the job.
A advised
B caused
C forced
D promised
6 Even sensible men do absured things.
A unusual
B ridiculous
C special
D typical
7 She bumped into her boyfriend in town this morning.
A walked
B came
C fled
D ran
8 This sort of thing is bound to happen.
A sure
B quick
C fast
D swift
9 At the age of 30， Hersey suddenly became a celebrity.
A boss
B manager
C star
D dictator
10 He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.
A judge
B assess
C distinguish
D recognize
11 They are concerned for the fate of the forest and the Indians who dwell in it.
A live
B sleep
C hide
D gather
12 The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity.
A.method
B.measure
C.way
D.manner
13 The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.
A old-fashioned
B traditional
C conventional
D balanced
14 The food is inadequate for ten people.
A demanded
B qualified
C insufficient
D required
15 She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.
A persisted
B insisted
C resisted
D suggested
1 B 2. C 3. A 4.D 5.A
6.B 7.D 8. A 9.C 10. C
11. A 12.B 13.D 14. C 15. A
第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1～7題，每題1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。
Creating a World without Smoking
Smoking will be banned in all pubs， clubs and workplaces from next year after historic votes in the Commons last night. After last-minute appeals from health campaigners， MPs opted for a blanket prohibition which will start in summer 2007， ending months of argument over whether smokers should be barred in pubs and restaurants only. They voted to ban smoking in all pubs and clubs by 384 to 184， a surprisingly large majority of 200.
Smoking will still be allowed in the home and in places considered to be homes， such as prisons， care homes and hotels.
Smokers lighting up in banned areas will face a fixed penality notice of ￡50 and spot fines of ￡200 will be introduced for failing to display no-smoking signs， with the possible penalty， if the issue goes to court， increasing to ￡1，000.
Carpline Flint， the Public Health Minister， also announced that the fine for failing to stop people smoking in banned areas would be increased to ￡2，500-more than ten times the ￡200 originally proposed.
The Bill also allows the Government to increase the age for buying cigarettes. Ministers will consult on raising it from 16 to 18.
The Bill now goes to the Lords but will be through by the summer recess.
Even a plan to allow smoking to continue in private clubs was thrown out as MPs on all sides were given permission to vote with their conscience rather than on a party line.
Patricia Hewitt， the Health Secretary， said the Health Bill would ban smoking in “virtually every enclosed public place and workplace” in England and save thousands of lives a year. Smoke-free workplaces and public places“ will become the norm”。
She said：“An additional 600，000 people will give up smoking as a result of this law and millions more will be protected from second-hand smoke.”
Peter Hollins， director-general of the British Heart Foundation， said：“The vote is a landmark victory for the public health of this country and will save the lives of many people.”
1. A ban on smoking in all pubs， clubs and workplaces will begin in summer 2007.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The law doesn‘t seem to apply to officials.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. One can nevertheless smoke at home.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. There is a possibility for the Government to raise the age for buying cigarettes.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. The Government will shut down cigarette factories in large numbers.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The Government will definitely impose a much heavier tax on tobacco.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. The Government will take necessary measures to help smokers give up smoking.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案：A B A A C C C
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第1~8題，每題1分，共8分）
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試 任務：（1）第1-4題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2-5段每段選擇1個正確的小標題;（2）第5-8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。
Can Mobile Phones Cause Disease？
1 “Mobile phone killed my man，” screamed one headline last year. Also came claims that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss. And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly （假定地） showing how mobile phones heat the brain.
2 For anyone who uses a mobile phone， these are worrying times. But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scares and you will hear a different story. According to them， there is no evidence that mobile phones cause cancer or any other illness in people.
3 What we do have， however， are some results suggesting that mobile phones’ emissions have a variety of strange effects on living tissue that can‘t be explained by the general radiation biology. And it’s only when the questions raised by these experiments are answered that we‘ll be able to say for sure what mobile phones might be doing to the head.
4 One of the odd effects comes from the now famous =memory loss“ study. Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device that imitated the microwave emissions of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers. The volunteers were just as good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen whether or not the device was switched on. Preece says he still can’t comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end. But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive abilities. ”I‘m pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory，“ he says.
5 Another expert， Tattersall， remarked that his latest findings have removed fears about memory loss. One result， for instance， suggests that nerve cell synapses （突角） exposed to microwaves become more - rather than less - receptive （感受的） to undergoing changes linked to memory formation.
6 Hopefully， microwaves might turn out to be good for you. It sounds crazy， but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in California， found that mice exposed to microwaves for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain turnouts when given a cancer-causing chemical.
1 paragraph 2 。
2 Paragraph 3 。
3 Paragraph 4 。
4 Paragraph 5 。
A Bad Results
B Widespread Opposition
C Groundless Anxiety
D No Effect on Short-term Memory
E Mysterious Effects
F Further Reassurance
5 There is no to indicate that mobile phones cause any illness 。
6 It that mobile phones might be good for health 。
7 The safety problem with mobile phones has 。
8 Tattersall said for sure that the over memory loss caused by mobile phones was ungrounded 。
A different messages
B is hoped
C public attention
D solid evidence
E attracted public attention
F public anxiety
5. D 6. B 7. E 8. F
閱讀理解
閱讀下面短文，短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定1個選項。
Trying to Find a Parther
One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people inbterviewed，one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.
Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships？Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love？Or are we making it harder for ourselves？
It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships.Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status.A man doesn’t expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children.
But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.
In theory，finding a partner should be much simpler these days.Only a few generations ago，your choice of soulmate （心上人） was constrained（限制） by geography，social convention and family tradition.Although it was never explicit，many marriages were essentially arranged.
Now those barriers have been broken down.You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening.When the world is your oyster （牡蠣），you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.
But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint:the tyranny of choice.
The expectations of partners are inflated（提高） to an unmanageable degree:good looks，impressive salary，kind to grandmother，and right socks.There is no room for error in the first impression.
We think that a relationship can be perfect.If it isn’t，it is disposable.We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don’t put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship.Of course，this is complicated by realities.The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.
1.What does the recent poll show？
A.It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband.
B.It is getting increasingly difficult to start a familyl.
C.It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife.
D.It is getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationship with your spouse.
2.Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple？
A.The wife doesn’t have to raise the children all by herself.
B.The husband doesn’t have to support the family all by himself.
C.The wife is no longer the only person to manage the household.
D.They will receive a large sum of money from the govemment.
3.Which of the following was NOT a constraint on one’s choice of soulmate in the old days？
A.The health condition of his or her grandmother.
B.The geographical environment.
C.The social convention.
D.The family tradition.
4.Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage？
A.Good looks.
B.An impressive career.
C.A high salary.
D.A fine sense of humor.
5.The word“sustain”（paragraph 2）could be best replaced by
A.“reduce”。
B.“shake”。
C.“maintain”。
D.“weaken”。
答案： D B A D C
第5部分：補全短文（第46～50題，每題2分，共10分）
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
American Dreams
There is a common response to America among foreign writers： the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliché（陳詞濫調）。
In the land of black and white，people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.______________（1） No class system or government stands in the way.
Sadly，this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.
The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. ______________（2）
Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent，however，it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. ______________（3）
Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California，incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969. ______________（4） This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population，it is the highest percentage in the developed world.
Yet the tax burden on America’s rich is falling，not growing. ______________（5） There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.
A Nobody is poor in the US.
B The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.
C For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.
D Now it is 9.8 times.
E As it does so，the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.
F All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
答案：F E D B C
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Sending E-mails to Professors
One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail（1）for copies of her teaching notes.
Another（2）that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.
At colleges and universities in the US，e-mail has made professors more approachable（平易近人）.But many say it has made them too accessible，（3）boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.
These days，professors say，students seem to view them as available（4）the clock，sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.
”The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding（令人吃驚的），“said Michael Kessler，an assistant dean at Georgetown University.”They‘ll（5）you to help：’I need to know this.‘“
”There’s a fine（6）between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy（正統(tǒng)性）as an （7）who is in charge.“
Christopher Dede，a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education，said（8）show that students no longer defer to（聽從）their professors，perhaps because they realize that professors‘ （9）could rapidly become outdated.
”The deference was driven by the （10）that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge，“Dede said，and that notion has（11）。
For junior faculty members，e-mails bring new tension into their work，some say，as they struggle with how to（12）.Their job prospects，they realize，may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.
College students say e-mail makes（13）easier to ask questions and helps them learn.
But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects（14）them，said Alexandra Lahav，and associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.
She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son.Professor Lahav did not respond.
”Such e-mails can have consequences，“she said.”Students don’t understand that （15）they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional，and could result in a bad recommendation.“
1.A.providing B.offering C.supplying D.asking
2.A.complained B.argued C.explained D.believed
3.A.removing B.moving C.putting D.placing
4.A.about B.around C.at D.from
5.A.control B.shout C.order D.make
6.A.requirement B.contradiction C.tension D.balance
7.A.teacher B.instructor C.lecturer D.professor
8.A.e-mails B.passages C.texts D.books
9.A.technology B.expertise C.science D.imagination
10.A.tradition B.sense C.notion D.meaning
11.A.strengthened B.weakened C.reinforced D.consolidated
12.A.ask B.question C.respond D.request
13.A.him B.her C.you D.it
14.A.on B.against C.in D.about
15.A.this B.which C.that D.what
答案：1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.D