在出生之前，胎兒就能為自己的將來(lái)做打算?也許很多人都沒(méi)用意識(shí)到也不相信這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)。下面的托?？荚囬喿x練習(xí)題我們就來(lái)了解一下這個(gè)話題。
Could a fetus lying in the womb be planning its future? The question comes from the discovery that brain areas thought to be involved in introspection and other aspects of consciousness are fully formed in newborn babies.
躺在子宮里的胎兒會(huì)不會(huì)真該為自己的將來(lái)做打算?產(chǎn)生這個(gè)疑問(wèn)的原因是，有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與內(nèi)省和其他意識(shí)相關(guān)的大腦區(qū)域在人一出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)完全形成。
Resting State Networks (RSNs), sometimes called the "dark energy of the brain", are patterns of low-frequency brain activity that are constantly active, even when a person is asleep. Activity in one RSN, the default mode network, drops when someone is engaged in a task, and it may be involved in introspective activities like envisioning the future – what some would call a facet of consciousness.
靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，又是也被稱為“大腦的暗能量”，指的是一種低頻率的大腦活動(dòng)形式，這種活動(dòng)形式一直保持著活躍狀態(tài)，即使在人睡覺(jué)時(shí)也不例外。一種靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)——即缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)——的活躍程度會(huì)在人投入到某項(xiàng)工作時(shí)減弱。它可能與內(nèi)省活動(dòng)有關(guān)，如想象未來(lái)——有人稱之為意識(shí)的一個(gè)層面。
Previous studies suggest that this network only fully develops during childhood, but David Edwards and colleagues at Imperial College London have now shown it is fully formed at birth.
以前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)在童年時(shí)才會(huì)發(fā)育完全。但帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的戴維-愛德華茲及其同事現(xiàn)在證明了該結(jié)構(gòu)在人一出生時(shí)就已完全形成。
The finding came as the team investigated the relationship between RSNs and cognitive functions. They scanned the brains of 70 babies born up to three months early, whose development served as a proxy for fetal development. While rates of progression varied, RSNs for vision, touch, movement and decision-making were largely complete by 40 weeks, as was the default mode network.
該研究小組是在研究靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和認(rèn)知功能的關(guān)系時(shí)得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的。他們對(duì)70名不超過(guò)3個(gè)月大的嬰兒的大腦進(jìn)行了掃描，并用嬰兒大腦發(fā)育水平來(lái)代表胎兒的發(fā)育水平。
The fact his team found the default mode network in newborn babies suggests that "either being a fetus is a lot more fun than we remember", as we were able to lie there thinking about the future, or current understanding of what these networks do is mistaken, says Edwards.
愛德華茲說(shuō)，研究小組在這些嬰兒的大腦里發(fā)現(xiàn)了缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這表明，“要么胎兒時(shí)期的生活比我們所回憶起的有趣很多”，因?yàn)樵谧訉m里就能思考未來(lái)，要么目前關(guān)于這些大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知是錯(cuò)誤的。
Could a fetus lying in the womb be planning its future? The question comes from the discovery that brain areas thought to be involved in introspection and other aspects of consciousness are fully formed in newborn babies.
躺在子宮里的胎兒會(huì)不會(huì)真該為自己的將來(lái)做打算?產(chǎn)生這個(gè)疑問(wèn)的原因是，有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與內(nèi)省和其他意識(shí)相關(guān)的大腦區(qū)域在人一出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)完全形成。
Resting State Networks (RSNs), sometimes called the "dark energy of the brain", are patterns of low-frequency brain activity that are constantly active, even when a person is asleep. Activity in one RSN, the default mode network, drops when someone is engaged in a task, and it may be involved in introspective activities like envisioning the future – what some would call a facet of consciousness.
靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，又是也被稱為“大腦的暗能量”，指的是一種低頻率的大腦活動(dòng)形式，這種活動(dòng)形式一直保持著活躍狀態(tài)，即使在人睡覺(jué)時(shí)也不例外。一種靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)——即缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)——的活躍程度會(huì)在人投入到某項(xiàng)工作時(shí)減弱。它可能與內(nèi)省活動(dòng)有關(guān)，如想象未來(lái)——有人稱之為意識(shí)的一個(gè)層面。
Previous studies suggest that this network only fully develops during childhood, but David Edwards and colleagues at Imperial College London have now shown it is fully formed at birth.
以前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)在童年時(shí)才會(huì)發(fā)育完全。但帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的戴維-愛德華茲及其同事現(xiàn)在證明了該結(jié)構(gòu)在人一出生時(shí)就已完全形成。
The finding came as the team investigated the relationship between RSNs and cognitive functions. They scanned the brains of 70 babies born up to three months early, whose development served as a proxy for fetal development. While rates of progression varied, RSNs for vision, touch, movement and decision-making were largely complete by 40 weeks, as was the default mode network.
該研究小組是在研究靜息狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和認(rèn)知功能的關(guān)系時(shí)得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的。他們對(duì)70名不超過(guò)3個(gè)月大的嬰兒的大腦進(jìn)行了掃描，并用嬰兒大腦發(fā)育水平來(lái)代表胎兒的發(fā)育水平。
The fact his team found the default mode network in newborn babies suggests that "either being a fetus is a lot more fun than we remember", as we were able to lie there thinking about the future, or current understanding of what these networks do is mistaken, says Edwards.
愛德華茲說(shuō)，研究小組在這些嬰兒的大腦里發(fā)現(xiàn)了缺省模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這表明，“要么胎兒時(shí)期的生活比我們所回憶起的有趣很多”，因?yàn)樵谧訉m里就能思考未來(lái)，要么目前關(guān)于這些大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知是錯(cuò)誤的。