2011年1月22日，中華人民共和國(guó)駐英國(guó)大使劉曉明應(yīng)邀出席倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院（LSE）中國(guó)發(fā)展學(xué)會(huì)舉辦的主題為“中國(guó)的國(guó)際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)”的2011中國(guó)發(fā)展論壇，并在論壇開(kāi)幕式上發(fā)表了主旨演講。以下為演講全文：
尊敬的戴維斯院長(zhǎng)，
女士們，先生們：
Sir Howard Davies,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
首先，感謝戴維斯院長(zhǎng)的盛情邀請(qǐng)，使我有機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)到倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院（LSE）發(fā)表演講。
May I begin by thanking Sir Howard for this honour of speaking at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
其實(shí)，我與LSE還很有緣分。這是我第二次訪問(wèn)LSE。上一次是我剛上任不久來(lái)LSE出席“漢語(yǔ)橋”英國(guó)賽區(qū)的預(yù)賽。那是我來(lái)英國(guó)后的第一場(chǎng)公共活動(dòng)，也是第一次演講。由于預(yù)賽在LSE舉行，又逢虎年，英國(guó)選手個(gè)個(gè)虎虎生威，一路過(guò)關(guān)斬將，最后倫敦大學(xué)亞非學(xué)院的蔣思哲（Stewart Johnson）獲特等獎(jiǎng)，開(kāi)了英國(guó)選手在世界大學(xué)生“漢語(yǔ)橋”中文比賽總決賽中奪冠之先河。他們應(yīng)感謝LSE給他們帶來(lái)的好運(yùn)。
In fact, this is my second visit to the LSE. I made my first public appearance and first speech as the Chinese Ambassador to the UK at the LSE. That was when I attended the Ninth Chinese Proficiency Competition here. As the competition was held in the LSE, and it was shortly after the start of the Year of Tiger, the British contestants put on a vigorous and truly outstanding performance. I'm glad to say that Stewart Johnson, an undergraduate at SOAS won the competition in the UK and went on to win the top prize in Beijing, becoming the first ever British student to win this prize. Maybe he should thank the LSE for this good luck.
當(dāng)然，真正讓LSE聞名于世的還是它深厚的學(xué)術(shù)底蘊(yùn)，使它成為社會(huì)科學(xué)教學(xué)與研究領(lǐng)域的知名學(xué)府。LSE也是國(guó)際化程度的學(xué)府之一，培養(yǎng)了140多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的精英。值得一提的是，LSE與中國(guó)頗有淵源，中國(guó)一些杰出的外交官都曾在LSE深造，其中有中國(guó)現(xiàn)任外長(zhǎng)楊潔篪先生。近年來(lái)到LSE求學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生日益增加，目前已超過(guò)500人。
The LSE has a well-deserved reputation for academic excellence. It prides itself on its diversity of students from over 140 countries. Many of them then returned home to become leaders in their respective fields. Among them are some distinguished Chinese diplomats, including the current Chinese Foreign Minister Mr Yang Jiechi. I am delighted to learn that the LSE is now home to over 500 Chinese students.
此次LSE中國(guó)發(fā)展學(xué)會(huì)在2011年歲初舉辦主題為“中國(guó)的國(guó)際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)”的“中國(guó)發(fā)展論壇”，我認(rèn)為恰逢其時(shí)：一是中西方關(guān)系近年來(lái)發(fā)展較快；二是中國(guó)去年剛剛超過(guò)日本成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。中國(guó)的發(fā)展越來(lái)越引起外界的關(guān)注，人們也越來(lái)越關(guān)心中國(guó)與世界的融合問(wèn)題，實(shí)際上就是中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。
The LSE China Development Forum comes at an interesting time, with the interesting theme of "Prospects and Challenges–China's global integration". This is a time of fast development of China's relations with the West. This is also a time when China again comes under the spotlight, after overtaking Japan to become the second largest economy. China's development is attracting growing international attention. People are wondering about how this would impact the international system and where China's relations with the world are headed.
關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，這幾年外界觀點(diǎn)很多，大致有這么幾種：
People in the West tend to look at China from many different perspectives:
一是“威脅論”。根據(jù)西方近代的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，“國(guó)強(qiáng)必霸”，因此西方一些人認(rèn)為中國(guó)的發(fā)展是威脅，世界政治格局的演變是一種零和游戲，你升我降，你興我衰，中國(guó)的“韜光養(yǎng)晦”政策就是“臥薪嘗膽”。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人去年非常得意，他們自以為找到了新的例證，將中國(guó)在南海、釣魚(yú)島問(wèn)題上正當(dāng)維護(hù)自己主權(quán)的行動(dòng)視作“強(qiáng)硬”，認(rèn)為中國(guó)外交已經(jīng)開(kāi)始咄咄逼人。我想，我們還是應(yīng)該聽(tīng)聽(tīng)美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克林頓上周是如何評(píng)價(jià)這種觀點(diǎn)的：“在亞太和美國(guó)，有人把中國(guó)的增長(zhǎng)看成是威脅，或?qū)?dǎo)致冷戰(zhàn)式?jīng)_突，或?qū)⑹姑绹?guó)衰敗”，“我們不接受這些看法”。事實(shí)上，堅(jiān)持原則立場(chǎng)同是否強(qiáng)硬是兩碼事，國(guó)家之間打交道，重要的是看是否占“理”，“理直”才能“氣壯”，“理屈”自然“詞窮”。維護(hù)國(guó)家的主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，這就是中國(guó)外交的“理”，也是國(guó)際關(guān)系中的“理”。
Some see China as a threat. They look at the modern history of Western nations and conclude that "Rising powers are bound to seek hegemony".They see the shifting balance in the international political landscape with a zero-sum mentality. They believe China is "hiding its capabilities and biding its time" before pressing forward to dominate the region and ultimately the world. They point to recent acts by China to safeguard its sovereignty in the East and South China Seas as evidence of China's assertiveness. Let me quote from Secretary Hilary Clinton, who spoke about this just last week–"Some in the region and some here at home see China's growth as a threat that will lead either to Cold-War-style conflict or American decline. …We reject those views." I believe upholding principles and being assertive are two different things. What really matters is whether a country is on the right side. You can only make a strong case with good reasons. For China, safeguarding its interests in sovereignty, security and development is the right thing to do. This is a major principle in China's foreign policy, and is also a principle in international relations.
二是“責(zé)任論”，說(shuō)是責(zé)任論，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)中國(guó)“不負(fù)責(zé)任”。他們認(rèn)為中國(guó)作為國(guó)際體系的一份子，享受了現(xiàn)行體系的好處，如經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和貿(mào)易自由化，但沒(méi)有做到也不愿去盡一個(gè)大國(guó)的責(zé)任，權(quán)利與責(zé)任不平衡，實(shí)力與作用不匹配，中國(guó)只是在“搭便車(chē)”。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人眼里就盯著氣候變化、朝核、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡等幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，其實(shí)就拿這幾個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)指責(zé)中國(guó)“不負(fù)責(zé)任”也顯得蒼白無(wú)力。比如，朝鮮半島局勢(shì)最近出現(xiàn)緩和，大家公認(rèn)中國(guó)再次發(fā)揮了積極作用。更何況，中國(guó)積極參與國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融體系改革和治理，積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)和打擊海盜，積極推動(dòng)氣候變化、國(guó)際發(fā)展等全球性問(wèn)題的解決。
Some believe China should take up more international responsibilities. These people complain that China has not fully honoured its obligations. They believe that China free-rides the current international system. It benefits significantly from globalisation and trade liberalisation, but is reluctant to assume the responsibilities of a major power. They criticize China for lack of responsibility in climate change, the Korean nuclear issue and global economic imbalances, etc. Nothing could be further from the truth. China has played an active role recently in easing tensions on the Korean Peninsula. China is taking an active part in the reform of the international economic and financial structures, in UN peacekeeping missions and in the fight against piracy. It is committed to working with other countries for solutions to global issues from climate change to international development.
三是，我稱為“跛腳論”。認(rèn)為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趕上了世界的步伐，但政治、意識(shí)形態(tài)和價(jià)值觀上中國(guó)仍是“異類”，兩只腳不是一般長(zhǎng)，走得不是一樣快。這樣的觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為實(shí)際上是將自己的價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)套用到別人的頭上，是一種“自我中心論”，同時(shí)也是罔顧事實(shí)。中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的三十多年，難道只有經(jīng)濟(jì)上的快速發(fā)展，沒(méi)有同步的政治與社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和飛躍？?jī)烧叩拿撾x理論上不成立，實(shí)踐中也難以想象。事實(shí)上，與30多年前相比，中國(guó)不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化，中國(guó)的政治生態(tài)、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)都取得了大發(fā)展，中國(guó)政治制度正朝著穩(wěn)定、民主和效率的方向協(xié)調(diào)和均衡前進(jìn)，中國(guó)社會(huì)既開(kāi)放，又多元；中國(guó)人民不僅生活得更加富裕，而且更加幸福。
Others see China as "a laggard" in certain aspects. They believe that despite China's economic strength, it has not kept pace in the areas of politics, ideology and values. This reflects a self-centred attempt to impose Western values and standards onto China. It defies common sense and logic to believe three decades of reform and opening-up have only brought China economic growth, but not political and social progress. Such logic is flawed in theory and in practice, as China has come a long way in its political and social development. Its political system is making balanced and coordinated progress towards stability, democracy and efficiency. And Chinese society has become more open and diverse, resulting in people not only becoming wealthier, but also happier.
四是“不定論”。對(duì)中國(guó)的走向既懷希望，又有疑慮。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人，在西方恐怕不在少數(shù)。這種觀點(diǎn)看似很中立，其實(shí)同樣有害，因?yàn)樗赡軐?dǎo)致西方迷茫甚至誤判，喪失的不僅是合作的機(jī)會(huì)，而且是自身發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。
Lastly, some believe China's future is uncertain. They are torn between hope and fear for China's development, but unsure which way China will turn. This view of China has a large following in the West. It may sound neutral, but it can easily lead to confusion and even miscalculation. That could result in lost opportunities for cooperation and damage to their own development.
那么，中國(guó)自己到底怎么看與世界的關(guān)系和融合問(wèn)題。我認(rèn)為，中國(guó)在三年前就將這個(gè)問(wèn)題看得很清楚、說(shuō)得很透徹。胡錦濤總書(shū)記在2007年向中共十七大作報(bào)告時(shí)指出：中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系發(fā)生了歷史性變化；中國(guó)發(fā)展進(jìn)步離不開(kāi)世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開(kāi)中國(guó)；中國(guó)的前途命運(yùn)日益緊密地同世界的前途命運(yùn)聯(lián)系在一起。經(jīng)過(guò)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的洗禮后，我們對(duì)這個(gè)看法更加堅(jiān)定和明確。那就是中國(guó)追求和諧發(fā)展，中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系是一種良性互動(dòng)。這種關(guān)系的特點(diǎn)有三：
So, how does China see its role and relationship with the world? China made this very clear three years ago. In his report to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party in 2007, President Hu Jintao commented that "China's relations with the world have gone through historic changes. China cannot develop in isolation from the world, and the world's prosperity and stability requires China's contribution. China's future and destiny are increasingly linked to the rest of the world." The international financial crisis has only reaffirmed China's commitment to harmonious development and a positive relationship with the world. To achieve the goals of successful development:
一是和平發(fā)展。中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，發(fā)展是硬道理。中國(guó)爭(zhēng)取和平的國(guó)際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又以自身的發(fā)展促進(jìn)世界和平。我們奉行防御性國(guó)防政策，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張；主張不干涉別國(guó)內(nèi)部事務(wù)和談判解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端，致力于維護(hù)世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。
Firstly, China's development is peaceful. China is still a developing country and development remains our top priority. China needs a peaceful international environment to develop, and is ready to contribute more to world peace as it develops. China's development of defence capabilities are for self-defence. Hegemony or expansion is neither a tradition nor an option for China. We stand for non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and call for negotiated solutions to international disputes.
二是開(kāi)放包容。中國(guó)的發(fā)展是開(kāi)放的發(fā)展。不久前，中國(guó)制定了“十二五”規(guī)劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)要必須實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略，拓展新的開(kāi)放領(lǐng)域和空間，積極參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理和區(qū)域合作，不斷提高對(duì)外開(kāi)放水平。我們將以更加開(kāi)放的姿態(tài)面向世界，以更加虛心的態(tài)度借鑒人類文明優(yōu)秀成果和吸收各國(guó)發(fā)展有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以更加務(wù)實(shí)的行動(dòng)加強(qiáng)國(guó)際交流合作。
Secondly, China's development is open and inclusive. Development can never be achieved behind closed doors. China recently formulated its "12th Five-Year Plan", which called for greater openness in more areas, and a more active role in global economic governance and regional cooperation. To achieve this, we will engage with the world with an open mind. We will borrow from the fine cultural traditions and useful experiences of other countries, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.
三是互利共贏。中國(guó)古人說(shuō)：“君子愛(ài)財(cái)，取之有道”。中國(guó)要發(fā)展，但我們不動(dòng)別人的奶酪，相反，我們?cè)负蛣e人一起來(lái)把合作的蛋糕做大，共同分享。中國(guó)支持歐盟采取的金融穩(wěn)定措施，這就是互利。歐元垮了，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)難免受損。這就是全球化時(shí)代的特點(diǎn)：相互依賴、利益共生。
Thirdly, China's development is a win-win. As an old Chinese saying goes, "A noble man acquires wealth by honourable means". China's development will not be achieved through a beggar-thy-neighbour approach. On the contrary, we will work with others to make the world economy bigger and share the benefits with others. China supports the EU's financial stabilisation measures, as they are in China's interests. The Chinese economy would not escape should the euro collapse. We are all together in a world of interdependence and interconnected interests between countries as a result of globalisation.
女士們、先生們，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
中國(guó)的發(fā)展是一個(gè)進(jìn)行時(shí)，這既是自我超越，也是與世界不斷融合的過(guò)程。在這一過(guò)程中，中國(guó)正在主動(dòng)適應(yīng)自身地位發(fā)生的一些變化，克服“成長(zhǎng)的煩惱”，向外部世界有效宣示自己的意圖和政策。700年前，意大利詩(shī)人但丁在其長(zhǎng)篇史詩(shī)《神曲》中曾經(jīng)寫(xiě)道：“走自己的路，讓別人說(shuō)去吧”。但今天，我們要做的是：“走自己的路，讓別人理解”。我們真誠(chéng)希望世界看到中國(guó)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇，并且善于抓住這個(gè)機(jī)遇，加強(qiáng)互惠合作，造福各自人民。
China's development is an on-going process. It requires efforts by itself. It also calls for closer interaction with the world. China is adapting to its new position in the world and trying to overcome its "growing pains". More than 700 years ago, the Italian poet Dante wrote in his epic poem the Divine Comedy, "Go your own way; let others talk!" What we are doing today is to: "Go our own way; but let others understand!" We hope the world will appreciate and take the opportunities created by China's development, and work closely with China to bring real benefits to the people.
就在昨天，胡錦濤主席結(jié)束了對(duì)美國(guó)的國(guó)事訪問(wèn)，訪問(wèn)意義重大，成果豐碩，開(kāi)啟了中美關(guān)系的新篇章。中美兩國(guó)都強(qiáng)調(diào)，致力于從戰(zhàn)略高度和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度出發(fā)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)話、交流和合作，發(fā)展求同存異、平等互信的政治關(guān)系，深化全面合作、互利共贏的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，開(kāi)展共同應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的全球伙伴合作，推進(jìn)人民廣泛參與的中美友好事業(yè)，并建立深入溝通、坦誠(chéng)對(duì)話的高層交往模式。如果中美這兩個(gè)政治社會(huì)制度、歷史文化背景和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展階段迥異的大國(guó)，能在新時(shí)期發(fā)展相互尊重、互利共贏的合作伙伴關(guān)系，那么我們還有什么理由懷疑中國(guó)與世界關(guān)系的前景？
Yesterday President Hu Jintao just concluded his state visit to the United States. This was an important and fruitful visit that opens a new chapter in China-US relations. China and the United States stress the importance to approach China-US relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective by stepping up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation. We are committed to a political relationship of equality and mutual trust, focusing on areas of agreement rather than differences; We are equally committed to an economic relationship of cooperation and mutual benefit; We are also committed to a global partnership to meet global challenges. We will encourage closer interaction and friendship between our two peoples, and foster a good relationship of deep-going discussions and candid dialogue at the top level. If China and the United States, two major countries with very different social systems, cultural traditions and stages of development, are committed to working together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit, why should we doubt the future of China's relations with the world?!
最后，我預(yù)祝本次論壇順利、成功。
To conclude, I wish the forum a great success.
謝謝。
Thank you.
尊敬的戴維斯院長(zhǎng)，
女士們，先生們：
Sir Howard Davies,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
首先，感謝戴維斯院長(zhǎng)的盛情邀請(qǐng)，使我有機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)到倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院（LSE）發(fā)表演講。
May I begin by thanking Sir Howard for this honour of speaking at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
其實(shí)，我與LSE還很有緣分。這是我第二次訪問(wèn)LSE。上一次是我剛上任不久來(lái)LSE出席“漢語(yǔ)橋”英國(guó)賽區(qū)的預(yù)賽。那是我來(lái)英國(guó)后的第一場(chǎng)公共活動(dòng)，也是第一次演講。由于預(yù)賽在LSE舉行，又逢虎年，英國(guó)選手個(gè)個(gè)虎虎生威，一路過(guò)關(guān)斬將，最后倫敦大學(xué)亞非學(xué)院的蔣思哲（Stewart Johnson）獲特等獎(jiǎng)，開(kāi)了英國(guó)選手在世界大學(xué)生“漢語(yǔ)橋”中文比賽總決賽中奪冠之先河。他們應(yīng)感謝LSE給他們帶來(lái)的好運(yùn)。
In fact, this is my second visit to the LSE. I made my first public appearance and first speech as the Chinese Ambassador to the UK at the LSE. That was when I attended the Ninth Chinese Proficiency Competition here. As the competition was held in the LSE, and it was shortly after the start of the Year of Tiger, the British contestants put on a vigorous and truly outstanding performance. I'm glad to say that Stewart Johnson, an undergraduate at SOAS won the competition in the UK and went on to win the top prize in Beijing, becoming the first ever British student to win this prize. Maybe he should thank the LSE for this good luck.
當(dāng)然，真正讓LSE聞名于世的還是它深厚的學(xué)術(shù)底蘊(yùn)，使它成為社會(huì)科學(xué)教學(xué)與研究領(lǐng)域的知名學(xué)府。LSE也是國(guó)際化程度的學(xué)府之一，培養(yǎng)了140多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的精英。值得一提的是，LSE與中國(guó)頗有淵源，中國(guó)一些杰出的外交官都曾在LSE深造，其中有中國(guó)現(xiàn)任外長(zhǎng)楊潔篪先生。近年來(lái)到LSE求學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生日益增加，目前已超過(guò)500人。
The LSE has a well-deserved reputation for academic excellence. It prides itself on its diversity of students from over 140 countries. Many of them then returned home to become leaders in their respective fields. Among them are some distinguished Chinese diplomats, including the current Chinese Foreign Minister Mr Yang Jiechi. I am delighted to learn that the LSE is now home to over 500 Chinese students.
此次LSE中國(guó)發(fā)展學(xué)會(huì)在2011年歲初舉辦主題為“中國(guó)的國(guó)際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)”的“中國(guó)發(fā)展論壇”，我認(rèn)為恰逢其時(shí)：一是中西方關(guān)系近年來(lái)發(fā)展較快；二是中國(guó)去年剛剛超過(guò)日本成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。中國(guó)的發(fā)展越來(lái)越引起外界的關(guān)注，人們也越來(lái)越關(guān)心中國(guó)與世界的融合問(wèn)題，實(shí)際上就是中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。
The LSE China Development Forum comes at an interesting time, with the interesting theme of "Prospects and Challenges–China's global integration". This is a time of fast development of China's relations with the West. This is also a time when China again comes under the spotlight, after overtaking Japan to become the second largest economy. China's development is attracting growing international attention. People are wondering about how this would impact the international system and where China's relations with the world are headed.
關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，這幾年外界觀點(diǎn)很多，大致有這么幾種：
People in the West tend to look at China from many different perspectives:
一是“威脅論”。根據(jù)西方近代的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，“國(guó)強(qiáng)必霸”，因此西方一些人認(rèn)為中國(guó)的發(fā)展是威脅，世界政治格局的演變是一種零和游戲，你升我降，你興我衰，中國(guó)的“韜光養(yǎng)晦”政策就是“臥薪嘗膽”。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人去年非常得意，他們自以為找到了新的例證，將中國(guó)在南海、釣魚(yú)島問(wèn)題上正當(dāng)維護(hù)自己主權(quán)的行動(dòng)視作“強(qiáng)硬”，認(rèn)為中國(guó)外交已經(jīng)開(kāi)始咄咄逼人。我想，我們還是應(yīng)該聽(tīng)聽(tīng)美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿克林頓上周是如何評(píng)價(jià)這種觀點(diǎn)的：“在亞太和美國(guó)，有人把中國(guó)的增長(zhǎng)看成是威脅，或?qū)?dǎo)致冷戰(zhàn)式?jīng)_突，或?qū)⑹姑绹?guó)衰敗”，“我們不接受這些看法”。事實(shí)上，堅(jiān)持原則立場(chǎng)同是否強(qiáng)硬是兩碼事，國(guó)家之間打交道，重要的是看是否占“理”，“理直”才能“氣壯”，“理屈”自然“詞窮”。維護(hù)國(guó)家的主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益，這就是中國(guó)外交的“理”，也是國(guó)際關(guān)系中的“理”。
Some see China as a threat. They look at the modern history of Western nations and conclude that "Rising powers are bound to seek hegemony".They see the shifting balance in the international political landscape with a zero-sum mentality. They believe China is "hiding its capabilities and biding its time" before pressing forward to dominate the region and ultimately the world. They point to recent acts by China to safeguard its sovereignty in the East and South China Seas as evidence of China's assertiveness. Let me quote from Secretary Hilary Clinton, who spoke about this just last week–"Some in the region and some here at home see China's growth as a threat that will lead either to Cold-War-style conflict or American decline. …We reject those views." I believe upholding principles and being assertive are two different things. What really matters is whether a country is on the right side. You can only make a strong case with good reasons. For China, safeguarding its interests in sovereignty, security and development is the right thing to do. This is a major principle in China's foreign policy, and is also a principle in international relations.
二是“責(zé)任論”，說(shuō)是責(zé)任論，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)中國(guó)“不負(fù)責(zé)任”。他們認(rèn)為中國(guó)作為國(guó)際體系的一份子，享受了現(xiàn)行體系的好處，如經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和貿(mào)易自由化，但沒(méi)有做到也不愿去盡一個(gè)大國(guó)的責(zé)任，權(quán)利與責(zé)任不平衡，實(shí)力與作用不匹配，中國(guó)只是在“搭便車(chē)”。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人眼里就盯著氣候變化、朝核、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡等幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，其實(shí)就拿這幾個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)指責(zé)中國(guó)“不負(fù)責(zé)任”也顯得蒼白無(wú)力。比如，朝鮮半島局勢(shì)最近出現(xiàn)緩和，大家公認(rèn)中國(guó)再次發(fā)揮了積極作用。更何況，中國(guó)積極參與國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融體系改革和治理，積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)和打擊海盜，積極推動(dòng)氣候變化、國(guó)際發(fā)展等全球性問(wèn)題的解決。
Some believe China should take up more international responsibilities. These people complain that China has not fully honoured its obligations. They believe that China free-rides the current international system. It benefits significantly from globalisation and trade liberalisation, but is reluctant to assume the responsibilities of a major power. They criticize China for lack of responsibility in climate change, the Korean nuclear issue and global economic imbalances, etc. Nothing could be further from the truth. China has played an active role recently in easing tensions on the Korean Peninsula. China is taking an active part in the reform of the international economic and financial structures, in UN peacekeeping missions and in the fight against piracy. It is committed to working with other countries for solutions to global issues from climate change to international development.
三是，我稱為“跛腳論”。認(rèn)為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趕上了世界的步伐，但政治、意識(shí)形態(tài)和價(jià)值觀上中國(guó)仍是“異類”，兩只腳不是一般長(zhǎng)，走得不是一樣快。這樣的觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為實(shí)際上是將自己的價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)套用到別人的頭上，是一種“自我中心論”，同時(shí)也是罔顧事實(shí)。中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的三十多年，難道只有經(jīng)濟(jì)上的快速發(fā)展，沒(méi)有同步的政治與社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和飛躍？?jī)烧叩拿撾x理論上不成立，實(shí)踐中也難以想象。事實(shí)上，與30多年前相比，中國(guó)不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化，中國(guó)的政治生態(tài)、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)都取得了大發(fā)展，中國(guó)政治制度正朝著穩(wěn)定、民主和效率的方向協(xié)調(diào)和均衡前進(jìn)，中國(guó)社會(huì)既開(kāi)放，又多元；中國(guó)人民不僅生活得更加富裕，而且更加幸福。
Others see China as "a laggard" in certain aspects. They believe that despite China's economic strength, it has not kept pace in the areas of politics, ideology and values. This reflects a self-centred attempt to impose Western values and standards onto China. It defies common sense and logic to believe three decades of reform and opening-up have only brought China economic growth, but not political and social progress. Such logic is flawed in theory and in practice, as China has come a long way in its political and social development. Its political system is making balanced and coordinated progress towards stability, democracy and efficiency. And Chinese society has become more open and diverse, resulting in people not only becoming wealthier, but also happier.
四是“不定論”。對(duì)中國(guó)的走向既懷希望，又有疑慮。持這種觀點(diǎn)的人，在西方恐怕不在少數(shù)。這種觀點(diǎn)看似很中立，其實(shí)同樣有害，因?yàn)樗赡軐?dǎo)致西方迷茫甚至誤判，喪失的不僅是合作的機(jī)會(huì)，而且是自身發(fā)展的機(jī)遇。
Lastly, some believe China's future is uncertain. They are torn between hope and fear for China's development, but unsure which way China will turn. This view of China has a large following in the West. It may sound neutral, but it can easily lead to confusion and even miscalculation. That could result in lost opportunities for cooperation and damage to their own development.
那么，中國(guó)自己到底怎么看與世界的關(guān)系和融合問(wèn)題。我認(rèn)為，中國(guó)在三年前就將這個(gè)問(wèn)題看得很清楚、說(shuō)得很透徹。胡錦濤總書(shū)記在2007年向中共十七大作報(bào)告時(shí)指出：中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系發(fā)生了歷史性變化；中國(guó)發(fā)展進(jìn)步離不開(kāi)世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開(kāi)中國(guó)；中國(guó)的前途命運(yùn)日益緊密地同世界的前途命運(yùn)聯(lián)系在一起。經(jīng)過(guò)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的洗禮后，我們對(duì)這個(gè)看法更加堅(jiān)定和明確。那就是中國(guó)追求和諧發(fā)展，中國(guó)與世界的關(guān)系是一種良性互動(dòng)。這種關(guān)系的特點(diǎn)有三：
So, how does China see its role and relationship with the world? China made this very clear three years ago. In his report to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party in 2007, President Hu Jintao commented that "China's relations with the world have gone through historic changes. China cannot develop in isolation from the world, and the world's prosperity and stability requires China's contribution. China's future and destiny are increasingly linked to the rest of the world." The international financial crisis has only reaffirmed China's commitment to harmonious development and a positive relationship with the world. To achieve the goals of successful development:
一是和平發(fā)展。中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，發(fā)展是硬道理。中國(guó)爭(zhēng)取和平的國(guó)際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又以自身的發(fā)展促進(jìn)世界和平。我們奉行防御性國(guó)防政策，永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張；主張不干涉別國(guó)內(nèi)部事務(wù)和談判解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端，致力于維護(hù)世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。
Firstly, China's development is peaceful. China is still a developing country and development remains our top priority. China needs a peaceful international environment to develop, and is ready to contribute more to world peace as it develops. China's development of defence capabilities are for self-defence. Hegemony or expansion is neither a tradition nor an option for China. We stand for non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and call for negotiated solutions to international disputes.
二是開(kāi)放包容。中國(guó)的發(fā)展是開(kāi)放的發(fā)展。不久前，中國(guó)制定了“十二五”規(guī)劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)要必須實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略，拓展新的開(kāi)放領(lǐng)域和空間，積極參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理和區(qū)域合作，不斷提高對(duì)外開(kāi)放水平。我們將以更加開(kāi)放的姿態(tài)面向世界，以更加虛心的態(tài)度借鑒人類文明優(yōu)秀成果和吸收各國(guó)發(fā)展有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以更加務(wù)實(shí)的行動(dòng)加強(qiáng)國(guó)際交流合作。
Secondly, China's development is open and inclusive. Development can never be achieved behind closed doors. China recently formulated its "12th Five-Year Plan", which called for greater openness in more areas, and a more active role in global economic governance and regional cooperation. To achieve this, we will engage with the world with an open mind. We will borrow from the fine cultural traditions and useful experiences of other countries, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.
三是互利共贏。中國(guó)古人說(shuō)：“君子愛(ài)財(cái)，取之有道”。中國(guó)要發(fā)展，但我們不動(dòng)別人的奶酪，相反，我們?cè)负蛣e人一起來(lái)把合作的蛋糕做大，共同分享。中國(guó)支持歐盟采取的金融穩(wěn)定措施，這就是互利。歐元垮了，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)難免受損。這就是全球化時(shí)代的特點(diǎn)：相互依賴、利益共生。
Thirdly, China's development is a win-win. As an old Chinese saying goes, "A noble man acquires wealth by honourable means". China's development will not be achieved through a beggar-thy-neighbour approach. On the contrary, we will work with others to make the world economy bigger and share the benefits with others. China supports the EU's financial stabilisation measures, as they are in China's interests. The Chinese economy would not escape should the euro collapse. We are all together in a world of interdependence and interconnected interests between countries as a result of globalisation.
女士們、先生們，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
中國(guó)的發(fā)展是一個(gè)進(jìn)行時(shí)，這既是自我超越，也是與世界不斷融合的過(guò)程。在這一過(guò)程中，中國(guó)正在主動(dòng)適應(yīng)自身地位發(fā)生的一些變化，克服“成長(zhǎng)的煩惱”，向外部世界有效宣示自己的意圖和政策。700年前，意大利詩(shī)人但丁在其長(zhǎng)篇史詩(shī)《神曲》中曾經(jīng)寫(xiě)道：“走自己的路，讓別人說(shuō)去吧”。但今天，我們要做的是：“走自己的路，讓別人理解”。我們真誠(chéng)希望世界看到中國(guó)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)的機(jī)遇，并且善于抓住這個(gè)機(jī)遇，加強(qiáng)互惠合作，造福各自人民。
China's development is an on-going process. It requires efforts by itself. It also calls for closer interaction with the world. China is adapting to its new position in the world and trying to overcome its "growing pains". More than 700 years ago, the Italian poet Dante wrote in his epic poem the Divine Comedy, "Go your own way; let others talk!" What we are doing today is to: "Go our own way; but let others understand!" We hope the world will appreciate and take the opportunities created by China's development, and work closely with China to bring real benefits to the people.
就在昨天，胡錦濤主席結(jié)束了對(duì)美國(guó)的國(guó)事訪問(wèn)，訪問(wèn)意義重大，成果豐碩，開(kāi)啟了中美關(guān)系的新篇章。中美兩國(guó)都強(qiáng)調(diào)，致力于從戰(zhàn)略高度和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度出發(fā)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)話、交流和合作，發(fā)展求同存異、平等互信的政治關(guān)系，深化全面合作、互利共贏的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，開(kāi)展共同應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的全球伙伴合作，推進(jìn)人民廣泛參與的中美友好事業(yè)，并建立深入溝通、坦誠(chéng)對(duì)話的高層交往模式。如果中美這兩個(gè)政治社會(huì)制度、歷史文化背景和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展階段迥異的大國(guó)，能在新時(shí)期發(fā)展相互尊重、互利共贏的合作伙伴關(guān)系，那么我們還有什么理由懷疑中國(guó)與世界關(guān)系的前景？
Yesterday President Hu Jintao just concluded his state visit to the United States. This was an important and fruitful visit that opens a new chapter in China-US relations. China and the United States stress the importance to approach China-US relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective by stepping up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation. We are committed to a political relationship of equality and mutual trust, focusing on areas of agreement rather than differences; We are equally committed to an economic relationship of cooperation and mutual benefit; We are also committed to a global partnership to meet global challenges. We will encourage closer interaction and friendship between our two peoples, and foster a good relationship of deep-going discussions and candid dialogue at the top level. If China and the United States, two major countries with very different social systems, cultural traditions and stages of development, are committed to working together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit, why should we doubt the future of China's relations with the world?!
最后，我預(yù)祝本次論壇順利、成功。
To conclude, I wish the forum a great success.
謝謝。
Thank you.