比較型作文之14分作文
比較型作文一般分為說(shuō)明式比較和議論式比較兩種。說(shuō)明式比較在比較過(guò)程中，作者不發(fā)表個(gè)人意見(jiàn)，在文中不體現(xiàn)個(gè)人取向，單純以說(shuō)明介紹為目的。
在四、六級(jí)考試中的比較型作文多以議論式比較的形式出現(xiàn)。議論式比較以比較事物優(yōu)劣、闡明自己立場(chǎng)為目的，一般分為傾向型和中立型兩種類(lèi)型。
14分作文相對(duì)于11分作文,只要在11分作文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行一些語(yǔ)法等亮點(diǎn)的改進(jìn)
一、句子中的一致問(wèn)題: 包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、人稱一致
二、 篇章中的稱謂一致問(wèn)題：（請(qǐng)看）
You can see a live show on TV. We can get the information of soports events on TV. But there is a unique topic you can only read from the sports line in newspaper. The sports lovers can sit in a comfortable chair, hold the newspaper and read what the coach said and what the players felt.
以上段落中出現(xiàn)了三種不同的稱謂：you,we,the sports lovers,細(xì)細(xì)研究，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，前兩種稱謂都是用來(lái)指代the sportslovers。作者根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用“你可以...”以及“我們可以...”來(lái)表示泛指，但是在英語(yǔ)中像這樣在同一個(gè)段落或同一篇文章中混淆稱謂的現(xiàn)象是不允許的。
三、 指代不清
四、 8分作文在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上基本完善，11分作文在句型結(jié)構(gòu)上有所突破，那么要達(dá)到14分作文，除了杜絕語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤之外，還有兩個(gè)重要因素：一是在詞匯使用上要有亮點(diǎn)，二是適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法。
要在詞匯運(yùn)用上有亮點(diǎn)，可以通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞或詞組的使用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
“過(guò)去的20年上海有了很大的變化”該如何表達(dá)呢？
A. There were great changes in Shanghai in the past 20 years.
B. Great changes took place in Shanghai in the past 20 years.
這兩種表達(dá)雖然沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法方面的問(wèn)題,但要想獲得14分的高分,就需要在語(yǔ)言上動(dòng)一點(diǎn)腦筋了.
C. Shanghai witnessed great changes in the past 20 years.
D. Shanghai saw great changes in the past 20 years.
這兩句以shanghai作主語(yǔ)，用的是動(dòng)詞witness,see，回譯為中文變成了“上海在過(guò)去的20年中目睹了巨變”，不但整個(gè)句子鮮活了，“上?！币惨驍M人化動(dòng)詞的使用而躍然紙上，讓讀者在閱覽的過(guò)程中也似乎包攬了上海的滄桑巨變，加強(qiáng)了文章的可讀性。
要善于利用修辭手法
1、明喻：like,as , as if , as though, as...as..., similar to..等
2、暗喻：“名詞A + of +名詞B"
3、平行結(jié)構(gòu)
作業(yè)：（以下為一篇11分范文，請(qǐng)練習(xí)按要求改寫(xiě)成漂亮的14分作文）
There is used tobe heated discussion over whether cooperation is more essential than competition. As for me , both of them are important.
要求：1、糾正is used to be 誤用
2、把常用的“be +形容詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的句子。
Firstly,each person is a member of the society. And several tasks need the cooperation of all the members of a group.You must perform your own tasks carefully.Keep pace with your classmates or colleagues and listen to others' suggestions helps you succeed in the end
要求：1、把藍(lán)色粗體第一句改為使用明喻的句子；
2、把need 改為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的句子；
3、用平行結(jié)構(gòu)合并、改寫(xiě)粉色詞匯的句子
4、糾正最后一句中主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤；
5、糾正最后一句中的動(dòng)詞原形作主語(yǔ)的錯(cuò)誤；
However,being competitive also has a place in life. As a member of the group, if we want to achieve more and be better than others, youmust pay much more efforts, working harder or studying more diligently.Moreover,we should have the competitive spirit and adapt ourselves to competition.
要求：糾正指代不一致的問(wèn)題
In a word , we must learn to be both cooperative and competitive in order to succeed in lift. What we need to learn are when to be cooperative and when to be competitive.
要求：糾正藍(lán)色粗體句中主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。
參考答案:
There used to be heated discussion over whether cooperation is more essential than competition. As for me , the importance of cooperation and competition equals.
Firstly,each person is like a screw of the machine. And several tasks call for the cooperation of all the members of a group.You must perform your own tasks carefully.Keeping pace with your classmates or colleagues and listening to others' suggestions help you succeed in the end
However,being competitive also has a place in life. As a member of the group, if you want to achieve more and be better than others, you must pay much more efforts, working harder or studying more diligently.Moreover,you should have the competitive spirit and adapt yourselt to competition.
In a word , we must learn to be both cooperative and competitive in order to succeed in lift. What we need to learn is when to be cooperative and when to be competitive.
比較型作文一般分為說(shuō)明式比較和議論式比較兩種。說(shuō)明式比較在比較過(guò)程中，作者不發(fā)表個(gè)人意見(jiàn)，在文中不體現(xiàn)個(gè)人取向，單純以說(shuō)明介紹為目的。
在四、六級(jí)考試中的比較型作文多以議論式比較的形式出現(xiàn)。議論式比較以比較事物優(yōu)劣、闡明自己立場(chǎng)為目的，一般分為傾向型和中立型兩種類(lèi)型。
14分作文相對(duì)于11分作文,只要在11分作文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行一些語(yǔ)法等亮點(diǎn)的改進(jìn)
一、句子中的一致問(wèn)題: 包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、人稱一致
二、 篇章中的稱謂一致問(wèn)題：（請(qǐng)看）
You can see a live show on TV. We can get the information of soports events on TV. But there is a unique topic you can only read from the sports line in newspaper. The sports lovers can sit in a comfortable chair, hold the newspaper and read what the coach said and what the players felt.
以上段落中出現(xiàn)了三種不同的稱謂：you,we,the sports lovers,細(xì)細(xì)研究，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，前兩種稱謂都是用來(lái)指代the sportslovers。作者根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用“你可以...”以及“我們可以...”來(lái)表示泛指，但是在英語(yǔ)中像這樣在同一個(gè)段落或同一篇文章中混淆稱謂的現(xiàn)象是不允許的。
三、 指代不清
四、 8分作文在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上基本完善，11分作文在句型結(jié)構(gòu)上有所突破，那么要達(dá)到14分作文，除了杜絕語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤之外，還有兩個(gè)重要因素：一是在詞匯使用上要有亮點(diǎn)，二是適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手法。
要在詞匯運(yùn)用上有亮點(diǎn)，可以通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞或詞組的使用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
“過(guò)去的20年上海有了很大的變化”該如何表達(dá)呢？
A. There were great changes in Shanghai in the past 20 years.
B. Great changes took place in Shanghai in the past 20 years.
這兩種表達(dá)雖然沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法方面的問(wèn)題,但要想獲得14分的高分,就需要在語(yǔ)言上動(dòng)一點(diǎn)腦筋了.
C. Shanghai witnessed great changes in the past 20 years.
D. Shanghai saw great changes in the past 20 years.
這兩句以shanghai作主語(yǔ)，用的是動(dòng)詞witness,see，回譯為中文變成了“上海在過(guò)去的20年中目睹了巨變”，不但整個(gè)句子鮮活了，“上?！币惨驍M人化動(dòng)詞的使用而躍然紙上，讓讀者在閱覽的過(guò)程中也似乎包攬了上海的滄桑巨變，加強(qiáng)了文章的可讀性。
要善于利用修辭手法
1、明喻：like,as , as if , as though, as...as..., similar to..等
2、暗喻：“名詞A + of +名詞B"
3、平行結(jié)構(gòu)
作業(yè)：（以下為一篇11分范文，請(qǐng)練習(xí)按要求改寫(xiě)成漂亮的14分作文）
There is used tobe heated discussion over whether cooperation is more essential than competition. As for me , both of them are important.
要求：1、糾正is used to be 誤用
2、把常用的“be +形容詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的句子。
Firstly,each person is a member of the society. And several tasks need the cooperation of all the members of a group.You must perform your own tasks carefully.Keep pace with your classmates or colleagues and listen to others' suggestions helps you succeed in the end
要求：1、把藍(lán)色粗體第一句改為使用明喻的句子；
2、把need 改為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的句子；
3、用平行結(jié)構(gòu)合并、改寫(xiě)粉色詞匯的句子
4、糾正最后一句中主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤；
5、糾正最后一句中的動(dòng)詞原形作主語(yǔ)的錯(cuò)誤；
However,being competitive also has a place in life. As a member of the group, if we want to achieve more and be better than others, youmust pay much more efforts, working harder or studying more diligently.Moreover,we should have the competitive spirit and adapt ourselves to competition.
要求：糾正指代不一致的問(wèn)題
In a word , we must learn to be both cooperative and competitive in order to succeed in lift. What we need to learn are when to be cooperative and when to be competitive.
要求：糾正藍(lán)色粗體句中主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。
參考答案:
There used to be heated discussion over whether cooperation is more essential than competition. As for me , the importance of cooperation and competition equals.
Firstly,each person is like a screw of the machine. And several tasks call for the cooperation of all the members of a group.You must perform your own tasks carefully.Keeping pace with your classmates or colleagues and listening to others' suggestions help you succeed in the end
However,being competitive also has a place in life. As a member of the group, if you want to achieve more and be better than others, you must pay much more efforts, working harder or studying more diligently.Moreover,you should have the competitive spirit and adapt yourselt to competition.
In a word , we must learn to be both cooperative and competitive in order to succeed in lift. What we need to learn is when to be cooperative and when to be competitive.