賴世雄高級04課
Unit four, it's on page twenty six of your book, it's called "Pizza, please".
/ Let's be all ears. But again, I have to remind you, what is our teaching style like?
/ Ok, I will read the whole article through paragraph by paragraph, after reading each paragraph, I will give you a little summary of the paragraph, and then Peter will choose some of the more interesting or helpful words or phrases or grammar structures, so that you know how to use this information or these structures better. At the end of the program, I'll re-read the whole lesson to help you to practise your listening comprehension.
Ok, let's begin on page twenty six about reading an explanation of "Pizza, please."
One of the most popular foods along with the hamburger, fried chicken and milk shakes is pizza. Although the origin of the first three foods is well understood, that of pizza, until recently, anyway, was for a long time an international controversy.
We start our first paragraph introducing the topic for today's lesson, pizza. Pizza is a popular food like the hamburger, fried chicken, or milk shakes, which could be found all around the world. We know where those foods came from, but until recently, where pizza came from was a bit of a controversy. There were two cultures which claimed pizza as their own, and let's find out more about it in the second and third paragraphs.
注意這里，along with, 如果有主語，he, along with me, 后面如果跟are, 是不對的。應該用is. 因為he才是真正的主語。He, along with me, is fond of music. 千萬不要說he, along with me, are fond of music. _________Pan注，其實這跟as well as, no less than, 的用法也差不多。
_________along with,
along with
連同...一起, 隨同...一起
along with
與…一道
Along with the letters there are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems.
與這些讀者來信一起還刊登對這些問題的回答,由那些被認為能夠解決這些問題的人來撰寫。
/ to be fond of something,
I'd like to buy a pizza, 要買一整個pizza, 這時是可數(shù)的。但如果這個pizza表示食物，很好吃的時候，是不可數(shù)的，不能加冠詞。象chicken差不多的用法。
Give me a piece of pizza, give me a slice of pizza. 這里指一片，而不指一整個。如果說a pizza是指一整個pizza, 圓圓的。
Ok, let's take a look at our second paragraph.
The word "pizza" has always been known to mean pie or cake, and is an Italian word. This fact alone might suggest pizza's origins. However, some years ago, in New York city, a Chinese restaurateur challenged the Italian ethnicity of pizza by declaring that pizza was originally a Chinese food, but was then taken along with pasta by Marco Polo (應該是馬可波羅吧？） back to Italy. It seemed the question would never be solved.
The second paragraph refers to the word controversy, the last word of the first paragraph. What is the controversy about pizza? We find out that in New York there was a man in restaurant business, a Chinese man, who decided to say that, well the word pizza is Italian, but the food pizza is a kind of Chinese food, which, quite a few centuries ago, found by Marco Polo, an Italian discoverer and venturer, who went to China many centuries ago, and found the food there very delicious and took it back to Italy. But originally or it's origins were Chinese, not Italian. So this was the controversy.
pie, apple pie,
談到apple, 有一個用法挺常用的，
/Yeah, for example, my daughter is the apple of my eye. 可以翻成掌上明珠什么的。這里的eye要用單數(shù)，不能加s.
_______the apple of sb.'s eye
珍愛之物
cake的用法跟pizza一樣，a cake指一整個蛋糕，a piece of cake指一片cake. 但這里這個a piece of cake常用作另外一個意思。這個不多說了，太常用了。
That's a piece of cake!
That's a cinch!
tea,
to be one's cup of tea, 通常用在否定式里，
/ Yeah, for example, Peter enjoys mountain biking, but I don't like exercise, so mountain biking is not my cup of tea. ___________在中級里有一個用法，it's not to my liking. 不合我胃口，我不喜歡。
The case actually made itself into court only in America, Italian restaurateurs challenged the Chinese businessman's view, but when all the evidence was in, the result was announced by a judge. As early as the Roman Empire, pizza was baked in ovens there and eaten. Chinese normally steam or fry their foods, not bake them. Bread and other baked goods to which belngs were developped from India through Europe where they are enjoyed today. Besides, cheese is an essential element of pizza, and the Chinese traditionally did not produce cheese. The case was closed, and pizza's paternity has now been established.
This paragraph tells us what happened in court. And as we add here, only in Ameria, I think many people would not believe that people would go to court to decide where a food came from. It's an 浪費，but in America, anything can be ended in court. So the Chinese businessman took the case to court because he wanted people to think that pizza was a Chinese food. But many Italian restaurateurs challenged that idea and both sides brought evidence to a judge. The judge looked at the evidence, and then made an decision. Because pizza was eaten during the Roman Empire more than two thousand years ago, because bread is baked in Western countries, not steamed or fried, and because cheese is an essential element of pizza, but cheese was not eaten by Chinese until modern times, he decided that more likely pizza really is Italian than Chinese.
/ Mmm, more likely, 極有可能，
When all the evidence was in, 所有證據(jù)都收集起來后，這個evidence是不可數(shù)的。在中級中有多次提到過。We found a piece of evidence against him.
He took the case to court, 去對簿公堂。打官司。這個court前面不加the. 跟go to school一樣的道理。
12：40
For pizza lovers, of course, their favourite food might have been invented in (Argintina 地名) or Indonesia, who cares? Indeed, pizza has changed as it has spread around the globle, so that when ordering a pizza in (Hanalolo地名) , New York, Paris, (Estanbuo), (NewDeliao) or Tokyo, you are sure to receive a lightly different version in each city or country. Pizza known to to Italians and New Yorkers, where pizza was first introduced into the US by the many Italian Americans living there, is a round, thin crusted baked dish covered with tomato sauce and cheese. To improve the taste, pieces of Italian sausages such as pepperoni and salami, and vegetables like onions, green peppers and olives are added. Occasionally, anchovies, small, salty fish, are also used. However, Asians enjoy pizza with corn, cucumbers, and other vegetables, not to mention assorted seafood. Hawaiians, perhaps predictably, developed a pizza with a pineapple and ham topping. Today, nearly every country has its favorite local variety of pizza. World wide, there must be more than 1000 varieties of pizza.
This long paragraph simply tells us that as you travel around the world, you can find pizza everywhere, but it won't be exactly the same kind. Because this food has adapted or changed to local taste, and we'll give you many examples of how different people enjoy their different pizzas.
version, 文章的版本也可以用這個字。Have you ever read the Chinese version of that story?
/ Right. We can also use version in a ..abstract way, "I listen to his version of the story and I listen to her version of the story. "
Right, the next two paragraphs give us pictures of people who don't like pizza, some of the problems that people have with pizza. And first this tells us, some people are not so fond of pizza, they classify it as a junk food, along with (Greeky) French fries, (portail) chips and hamburgers. On the contrary, (say defense of ) pizza, it is indeed a helpful food. Carefully chosen fresh Indians can (achewer) the quality of any food they eat, and pizza is no exception. So some people consider pizza to be a kind of junk food, that is food which has no nutritional value for us. For people who like pizza say that "well, it depends on what you put into the pizza, whether it will be a healthful food or junk food."
注意這里Bruce用的是healthful food, 而不是healthy food. 因為healthful food 是指有益健康的， 而healthy指的是本身健康的，意思是不一樣的。不過有時候在口語里沒這么講究。寫作好還是分開的好。
Jogging is healthful.
If you want to be healthy, you've got to exercise.
Ok, these are other reasons people don't like pizza.
Others protest that pizza is too fattening to be eaten regularly. Not true, respond those enamored of pizza's charms. It all depends on the ingredients and how well they are prepared. For example, the meats which are used as toppings on pizza, are often first fried to remove excess fat. The cheeses used can be selected for their high protein but low milk fat. Sparse rather than generous addition of spices such as salt ensure that pizza need not be considered junk food. A well-made pizza not only looks, smells, and tastes great, but it is a wise choise for everyone as regular food sauce. Indeed, it seems the only disadvantage to pizza is that when dropped, it causes a mess.
Again, people complained about pizza that you will get fat if you eat too much. But others point out that, well, again, it depends on how you prepare your pizza. If you use low-fat foods, then pizza will not be fattening. They think it's a great food sauce.
注意advantage, and disadvantage + to..something,
There're advantages and disadvantages to something,
There're advantages and disadvantages to countrylife,
There're advantages and disadvantages to living in the country. 而且這個to是介詞，所以后面要跟名詞或動名詞。
19：00
Children enjoy pizza because it's fun to eat and delicious. Workers enjoy it because it is inexpensive and quick to order, too. Families enjoy the convenience of carrying home a whole meal from the many venders of this world famous food. With its many advantages, no one needs to resist the allure of one of the world's most popular foods. Come to think of it, let have pizza for dinner tonight.
So our concluding paragraph reminds us that pizza is popular not only healthful wich children, workers and families, because it gives them each special advantages, and then the writer thinks, "mmm, I think I'll have pizza tonight."
/Mmm, "..can't resist the allure, " 這個allure就是誘惑。
I can't resist the allure of that beautiful girl; she's winking at me.
ensure, 確保，
Hard work ensured his success.
--->insure, v, 保險。
"I have fire insurance."
"I have insured my home against fire." 保了火險。
burglary, theft,
Well, that's it for today's lesson, but please join us next Sunday.
_____________________________________Pan. 聽寫于2003年。
*******************************************************************************************
Pizza ,Please!
One of the world's most popular foods along with the hamburger, fried chicken, and milk shakes is pizza. Although the origin of the first three foods is well understood, that of pizza--until recently, any way--was for a long time an international controversy.
The word pizza has always been known to mean pie or cake, and is an Italian word. This fact alone might suggest pizza's origins. However, some years ago in New Youk city, a Chinese restaurateur challenged the Italian ethnicity of pizza by declaring that pizza was originally a Chinese food, but was then taken along with pasta by Marco Polo back to Italy. It seemed the question would never be solved.
The case actually made itself into court(only in America!). italian restauraterus challenged the Chinese businessman's view, but when all the evidence was in, the result was announced by a judge: as early as the Roman Empire, pizza was baked in ovens there and eaten. Chinese normally steam or fry their foods, not bake them. Bread and other baked goods to which pizza belongs were developed from India through Europe where they are still enjoyed today. Besides, cheese is an essential element of pizza, and the Chiese traditionally did not produce cheese. The case was colsed, and pizza's paternity has now been established.
For pizza lovers, of course , their favorite food might have been invented in Argentina or Indonesia. Who cares? Indeed, pizza has changed as it has spread around the globe, so that when ordering a pizza in honolulu, New York, paris, Istanbul, New Delhi, or Tokyo, you are sure to receive a slightly different version in each city or country. Pizza known to Italians and New Yorkers (Where pizza was first introduced into the United States by the many Italian Americans living there ) is a round, thin crusted baked dish covered with tomato sauce and cheese. To improve the taste, pieces of Italian sausages such as pepperoni and salami, and vegetables like onions, green peppers and olives are added. Occasionally, anchovies, small, salty fish, are also used. However, Asians enjoy pizza with corn, cucumbers, and other vegetables, not to mention assorted seafood. Hawaiians, perhaps predictably, developed a pizza with a pineapple and ham topping. Today, nearly every country has its favorite local variety of pizza. World wide, there must be more than 1000 varieties of pizza.
Some people are not so fond of pizza. They classify it as a junk food, along with greasy French fries, potato chips, and hamburgers. On the contrary, say defenders of pizza, it is indeed a healthful food. Carefully chosen fresh ingredients can ensure the quality of any food we eat, and pizza is no exception.
Others protest that pizza is too fattening to be eaten regularly. Not true, respond those enamored of pizza's charms. It all depends on the ingredients and how well they are prepared. For example, the meats which are used as toppings on pizza are often first fried to remove excess fat. The cheeses used can be selected for their high protein but low milk fat. Sparse rather than generous addition of spices such as salt ensure that pizza need not be considered junk food. A well-made pizza not only looks, smells, and tastes great, but it is a wise choice for everyone as a regular food source. Indeed, it seems the only disadvantage to pizza is that when dropped, it causes a mess!
Children enjoy pizza because it's fun to eat and delicious. Workers enjoy it because it is inexpensive and quick to order, too. Families enjoy the convenience of carrying home a whole meal from the many vendors of this world-famous food. With its many advantages, no one needs to resist the allure of one of the world's most popular foods. Come to think of it, let's have pizza for dinner tonight!
Unit four, it's on page twenty six of your book, it's called "Pizza, please".
/ Let's be all ears. But again, I have to remind you, what is our teaching style like?
/ Ok, I will read the whole article through paragraph by paragraph, after reading each paragraph, I will give you a little summary of the paragraph, and then Peter will choose some of the more interesting or helpful words or phrases or grammar structures, so that you know how to use this information or these structures better. At the end of the program, I'll re-read the whole lesson to help you to practise your listening comprehension.
Ok, let's begin on page twenty six about reading an explanation of "Pizza, please."
One of the most popular foods along with the hamburger, fried chicken and milk shakes is pizza. Although the origin of the first three foods is well understood, that of pizza, until recently, anyway, was for a long time an international controversy.
We start our first paragraph introducing the topic for today's lesson, pizza. Pizza is a popular food like the hamburger, fried chicken, or milk shakes, which could be found all around the world. We know where those foods came from, but until recently, where pizza came from was a bit of a controversy. There were two cultures which claimed pizza as their own, and let's find out more about it in the second and third paragraphs.
注意這里，along with, 如果有主語，he, along with me, 后面如果跟are, 是不對的。應該用is. 因為he才是真正的主語。He, along with me, is fond of music. 千萬不要說he, along with me, are fond of music. _________Pan注，其實這跟as well as, no less than, 的用法也差不多。
_________along with,
along with
連同...一起, 隨同...一起
along with
與…一道
Along with the letters there are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems.
與這些讀者來信一起還刊登對這些問題的回答,由那些被認為能夠解決這些問題的人來撰寫。
/ to be fond of something,
I'd like to buy a pizza, 要買一整個pizza, 這時是可數(shù)的。但如果這個pizza表示食物，很好吃的時候，是不可數(shù)的，不能加冠詞。象chicken差不多的用法。
Give me a piece of pizza, give me a slice of pizza. 這里指一片，而不指一整個。如果說a pizza是指一整個pizza, 圓圓的。
Ok, let's take a look at our second paragraph.
The word "pizza" has always been known to mean pie or cake, and is an Italian word. This fact alone might suggest pizza's origins. However, some years ago, in New York city, a Chinese restaurateur challenged the Italian ethnicity of pizza by declaring that pizza was originally a Chinese food, but was then taken along with pasta by Marco Polo (應該是馬可波羅吧？） back to Italy. It seemed the question would never be solved.
The second paragraph refers to the word controversy, the last word of the first paragraph. What is the controversy about pizza? We find out that in New York there was a man in restaurant business, a Chinese man, who decided to say that, well the word pizza is Italian, but the food pizza is a kind of Chinese food, which, quite a few centuries ago, found by Marco Polo, an Italian discoverer and venturer, who went to China many centuries ago, and found the food there very delicious and took it back to Italy. But originally or it's origins were Chinese, not Italian. So this was the controversy.
pie, apple pie,
談到apple, 有一個用法挺常用的，
/Yeah, for example, my daughter is the apple of my eye. 可以翻成掌上明珠什么的。這里的eye要用單數(shù)，不能加s.
_______the apple of sb.'s eye
珍愛之物
cake的用法跟pizza一樣，a cake指一整個蛋糕，a piece of cake指一片cake. 但這里這個a piece of cake常用作另外一個意思。這個不多說了，太常用了。
That's a piece of cake!
That's a cinch!
tea,
to be one's cup of tea, 通常用在否定式里，
/ Yeah, for example, Peter enjoys mountain biking, but I don't like exercise, so mountain biking is not my cup of tea. ___________在中級里有一個用法，it's not to my liking. 不合我胃口，我不喜歡。
The case actually made itself into court only in America, Italian restaurateurs challenged the Chinese businessman's view, but when all the evidence was in, the result was announced by a judge. As early as the Roman Empire, pizza was baked in ovens there and eaten. Chinese normally steam or fry their foods, not bake them. Bread and other baked goods to which belngs were developped from India through Europe where they are enjoyed today. Besides, cheese is an essential element of pizza, and the Chinese traditionally did not produce cheese. The case was closed, and pizza's paternity has now been established.
This paragraph tells us what happened in court. And as we add here, only in Ameria, I think many people would not believe that people would go to court to decide where a food came from. It's an 浪費，but in America, anything can be ended in court. So the Chinese businessman took the case to court because he wanted people to think that pizza was a Chinese food. But many Italian restaurateurs challenged that idea and both sides brought evidence to a judge. The judge looked at the evidence, and then made an decision. Because pizza was eaten during the Roman Empire more than two thousand years ago, because bread is baked in Western countries, not steamed or fried, and because cheese is an essential element of pizza, but cheese was not eaten by Chinese until modern times, he decided that more likely pizza really is Italian than Chinese.
/ Mmm, more likely, 極有可能，
When all the evidence was in, 所有證據(jù)都收集起來后，這個evidence是不可數(shù)的。在中級中有多次提到過。We found a piece of evidence against him.
He took the case to court, 去對簿公堂。打官司。這個court前面不加the. 跟go to school一樣的道理。
12：40
For pizza lovers, of course, their favourite food might have been invented in (Argintina 地名) or Indonesia, who cares? Indeed, pizza has changed as it has spread around the globle, so that when ordering a pizza in (Hanalolo地名) , New York, Paris, (Estanbuo), (NewDeliao) or Tokyo, you are sure to receive a lightly different version in each city or country. Pizza known to to Italians and New Yorkers, where pizza was first introduced into the US by the many Italian Americans living there, is a round, thin crusted baked dish covered with tomato sauce and cheese. To improve the taste, pieces of Italian sausages such as pepperoni and salami, and vegetables like onions, green peppers and olives are added. Occasionally, anchovies, small, salty fish, are also used. However, Asians enjoy pizza with corn, cucumbers, and other vegetables, not to mention assorted seafood. Hawaiians, perhaps predictably, developed a pizza with a pineapple and ham topping. Today, nearly every country has its favorite local variety of pizza. World wide, there must be more than 1000 varieties of pizza.
This long paragraph simply tells us that as you travel around the world, you can find pizza everywhere, but it won't be exactly the same kind. Because this food has adapted or changed to local taste, and we'll give you many examples of how different people enjoy their different pizzas.
version, 文章的版本也可以用這個字。Have you ever read the Chinese version of that story?
/ Right. We can also use version in a ..abstract way, "I listen to his version of the story and I listen to her version of the story. "
Right, the next two paragraphs give us pictures of people who don't like pizza, some of the problems that people have with pizza. And first this tells us, some people are not so fond of pizza, they classify it as a junk food, along with (Greeky) French fries, (portail) chips and hamburgers. On the contrary, (say defense of ) pizza, it is indeed a helpful food. Carefully chosen fresh Indians can (achewer) the quality of any food they eat, and pizza is no exception. So some people consider pizza to be a kind of junk food, that is food which has no nutritional value for us. For people who like pizza say that "well, it depends on what you put into the pizza, whether it will be a healthful food or junk food."
注意這里Bruce用的是healthful food, 而不是healthy food. 因為healthful food 是指有益健康的， 而healthy指的是本身健康的，意思是不一樣的。不過有時候在口語里沒這么講究。寫作好還是分開的好。
Jogging is healthful.
If you want to be healthy, you've got to exercise.
Ok, these are other reasons people don't like pizza.
Others protest that pizza is too fattening to be eaten regularly. Not true, respond those enamored of pizza's charms. It all depends on the ingredients and how well they are prepared. For example, the meats which are used as toppings on pizza, are often first fried to remove excess fat. The cheeses used can be selected for their high protein but low milk fat. Sparse rather than generous addition of spices such as salt ensure that pizza need not be considered junk food. A well-made pizza not only looks, smells, and tastes great, but it is a wise choise for everyone as regular food sauce. Indeed, it seems the only disadvantage to pizza is that when dropped, it causes a mess.
Again, people complained about pizza that you will get fat if you eat too much. But others point out that, well, again, it depends on how you prepare your pizza. If you use low-fat foods, then pizza will not be fattening. They think it's a great food sauce.
注意advantage, and disadvantage + to..something,
There're advantages and disadvantages to something,
There're advantages and disadvantages to countrylife,
There're advantages and disadvantages to living in the country. 而且這個to是介詞，所以后面要跟名詞或動名詞。
19：00
Children enjoy pizza because it's fun to eat and delicious. Workers enjoy it because it is inexpensive and quick to order, too. Families enjoy the convenience of carrying home a whole meal from the many venders of this world famous food. With its many advantages, no one needs to resist the allure of one of the world's most popular foods. Come to think of it, let have pizza for dinner tonight.
So our concluding paragraph reminds us that pizza is popular not only healthful wich children, workers and families, because it gives them each special advantages, and then the writer thinks, "mmm, I think I'll have pizza tonight."
/Mmm, "..can't resist the allure, " 這個allure就是誘惑。
I can't resist the allure of that beautiful girl; she's winking at me.
ensure, 確保，
Hard work ensured his success.
--->insure, v, 保險。
"I have fire insurance."
"I have insured my home against fire." 保了火險。
burglary, theft,
Well, that's it for today's lesson, but please join us next Sunday.
_____________________________________Pan. 聽寫于2003年。
*******************************************************************************************
Pizza ,Please!
One of the world's most popular foods along with the hamburger, fried chicken, and milk shakes is pizza. Although the origin of the first three foods is well understood, that of pizza--until recently, any way--was for a long time an international controversy.
The word pizza has always been known to mean pie or cake, and is an Italian word. This fact alone might suggest pizza's origins. However, some years ago in New Youk city, a Chinese restaurateur challenged the Italian ethnicity of pizza by declaring that pizza was originally a Chinese food, but was then taken along with pasta by Marco Polo back to Italy. It seemed the question would never be solved.
The case actually made itself into court(only in America!). italian restauraterus challenged the Chinese businessman's view, but when all the evidence was in, the result was announced by a judge: as early as the Roman Empire, pizza was baked in ovens there and eaten. Chinese normally steam or fry their foods, not bake them. Bread and other baked goods to which pizza belongs were developed from India through Europe where they are still enjoyed today. Besides, cheese is an essential element of pizza, and the Chiese traditionally did not produce cheese. The case was colsed, and pizza's paternity has now been established.
For pizza lovers, of course , their favorite food might have been invented in Argentina or Indonesia. Who cares? Indeed, pizza has changed as it has spread around the globe, so that when ordering a pizza in honolulu, New York, paris, Istanbul, New Delhi, or Tokyo, you are sure to receive a slightly different version in each city or country. Pizza known to Italians and New Yorkers (Where pizza was first introduced into the United States by the many Italian Americans living there ) is a round, thin crusted baked dish covered with tomato sauce and cheese. To improve the taste, pieces of Italian sausages such as pepperoni and salami, and vegetables like onions, green peppers and olives are added. Occasionally, anchovies, small, salty fish, are also used. However, Asians enjoy pizza with corn, cucumbers, and other vegetables, not to mention assorted seafood. Hawaiians, perhaps predictably, developed a pizza with a pineapple and ham topping. Today, nearly every country has its favorite local variety of pizza. World wide, there must be more than 1000 varieties of pizza.
Some people are not so fond of pizza. They classify it as a junk food, along with greasy French fries, potato chips, and hamburgers. On the contrary, say defenders of pizza, it is indeed a healthful food. Carefully chosen fresh ingredients can ensure the quality of any food we eat, and pizza is no exception.
Others protest that pizza is too fattening to be eaten regularly. Not true, respond those enamored of pizza's charms. It all depends on the ingredients and how well they are prepared. For example, the meats which are used as toppings on pizza are often first fried to remove excess fat. The cheeses used can be selected for their high protein but low milk fat. Sparse rather than generous addition of spices such as salt ensure that pizza need not be considered junk food. A well-made pizza not only looks, smells, and tastes great, but it is a wise choice for everyone as a regular food source. Indeed, it seems the only disadvantage to pizza is that when dropped, it causes a mess!
Children enjoy pizza because it's fun to eat and delicious. Workers enjoy it because it is inexpensive and quick to order, too. Families enjoy the convenience of carrying home a whole meal from the many vendors of this world-famous food. With its many advantages, no one needs to resist the allure of one of the world's most popular foods. Come to think of it, let's have pizza for dinner tonight!