4.在本句中，deciding 作介詞in 的賓語；in deciding作時間狀語，表示：“在做某事的過程中”
whether to pursue a course of action是一個帶疑問詞的不定式短語，作動名詞deciding 的賓語；表示：“在決定是否遵循某一行動方針時”。
to estimate its likely impact on the voters 是不定式短語作try 的賓語，其中impact on 是一個名詞詞組，意為“對…的影響”。
全句意思：“在決定是否遵循某一項(xiàng)行動方針時，他們要盡量估計一下該方針對選民可能具有的影響。”
5.該句是由and 連接兩個并列謂語加上一個定語從句構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句。which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾economy ， 屬非限制性定語從句，只起補(bǔ)充說明作用。that 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾the issue
此句意思：“這一口號是克林頓的總戰(zhàn)略家詹姆斯·卡維爾的主意，其用意是想提醒候選人及總部人員始終把競選的注意力集中在本國緩慢發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)上。而這一點(diǎn)正是最終擊敗布什的問題。”
6.在此句中 as in 1980 是時間狀語，as 的意思是“正如”。when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times 是非限制性定語從句，修飾1980.
正如1980年在經(jīng)濟(jì)艱難時期吉米·卡特敗與羅納德·里根時那樣，選民很大程度上是被他們想變革的欲望調(diào)動起來的。
Candidates try to project a strong leadership image. Whether voters accept this image， however， depends more on external factors than on a candidate‘s personal characteristics.⑦ In 1991， after the Gulf War， Bush’s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling began in the 1930s.⑧ A year later， with the nation‘s economy in trouble， Bush’s approval rating dropped below 40 percent. ⑨Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war， but voters remained concerned about the economy. ⑽
7.本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，“whether voters accept this image” 是主語從句作主語。
此句意思：“然而選民們是否接受這一形象則更取決于外在因素而不是候選人的個人特征?！?BR> 8.句中the highest level recorded since polling began in the 1930s 是91 percent 的同位語。recorded 是過去分詞作后置定語修飾the highest level.
此句意思：“1991年海灣戰(zhàn)爭以后，布什的支持率達(dá)到91%，這是自20世紀(jì)30年代開始民意測驗(yàn)以來的記錄?！?BR> 9.句中with the nation‘s economy in trouble.作伴隨狀語
“一年以后，隨著國家經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入困境，布什的支持率則下降到40%以下。”
“ with + 名詞 + 介詞詞組/形容詞/分詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作狀語，表示伴隨條件或原因等
舉例： ①with + 名詞+ 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞
He didn‘t take part in the party， with his mother being ill. 因?yàn)樗麐寢尣×?，所以他沒有參加晚會。
②with +名詞+動詞過去分詞
With all the housework done， she went shopping. 干完了所有的家務(wù)后，她便去購物。
③with + 名詞+形容詞
With the window open， he fell asleep. 他開著窗戶睡著了。
④with + 名詞+ 介詞
The lecturer walked in with a file under his arm. 演講者掖下夾著一個文件走了進(jìn)來。
He went out with no hat on. 他沒戴帽子出去了。
10.句中remained是系動詞，concerned about the economy 是表語。
“布什試圖重振其戰(zhàn)爭期間強(qiáng)有力的形象，但選民們始終關(guān)心的是經(jīng)濟(jì)?！?BR> The candidates‘ strategies are shaped by many considerations， including the constitutional provision that each state shall have electoral votes equal in number to its representation in Congress. ⑾ Each state thus gets two electoral votes for its Senate representation and a varying number of electoral votes depending on its House representation. Altogether， there are 538 electoral votes （including three for the District of Columbia， even though it has no voting representatives in Congress）。 To win the presidency， a candidate must receive at least 270 votes， an electoral majority. ⑿
11.including the constitutional provision that each state shall have electoral votes equal in number to its representation in Congress. 分詞短語，起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。其中that引導(dǎo)的是provision同位語從句，equal in number to its representation in Congress 是形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾 votes ，
短語的譯文“包括憲法的這一條款：每個州具有的選舉人票數(shù)與其在國會中的代表人數(shù)相同?！?BR> 12.To win the presidency， 是全句的目的狀語，an electoral majority 是270 votes 的同位語
要贏得總統(tǒng)席位，候選人必須至少獲得270票，即選票的大多數(shù)。
Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states which have the largest population，⒀ such as California （with 54 electoral votes）， New York （33）， Texas （32）， Florida （25）， Pennsylvania （23）， Illinois （22）， and Ohio （21）。 Victory in the eleven largest slates alone would provide an electoral majority， ⒁ and presidential candidates therefore spend most of their time campaigning in those states. Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992， compared with Bush‘s 38 percent and Perot’s 19 percent； but Clinton won in states that gave him an overwhelming 370 electoral votes， compared with 168 for Bush and none for Perot.
13.句中which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾states， 意為“人口最多的州”
候選人特別關(guān)注人口最多的幾個州的州選舉中獲勝
14.句意為：“僅在這11個的州獲勝就可以獲得選舉的多數(shù)” 事實(shí)上，在11個的州同時獲勝幾乎是不可能的，因此本句用了虛擬語氣 would provide
alone 是形容詞，用于名詞或代詞后，意為“僅僅，只”
例： You alone can do it .只有你能作這事。
Time alone will show who was right. 只有時間能表明誰對。
whether to pursue a course of action是一個帶疑問詞的不定式短語，作動名詞deciding 的賓語；表示：“在決定是否遵循某一行動方針時”。
to estimate its likely impact on the voters 是不定式短語作try 的賓語，其中impact on 是一個名詞詞組，意為“對…的影響”。
全句意思：“在決定是否遵循某一項(xiàng)行動方針時，他們要盡量估計一下該方針對選民可能具有的影響。”
5.該句是由and 連接兩個并列謂語加上一個定語從句構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句。which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾economy ， 屬非限制性定語從句，只起補(bǔ)充說明作用。that 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾the issue
此句意思：“這一口號是克林頓的總戰(zhàn)略家詹姆斯·卡維爾的主意，其用意是想提醒候選人及總部人員始終把競選的注意力集中在本國緩慢發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)上。而這一點(diǎn)正是最終擊敗布什的問題。”
6.在此句中 as in 1980 是時間狀語，as 的意思是“正如”。when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times 是非限制性定語從句，修飾1980.
正如1980年在經(jīng)濟(jì)艱難時期吉米·卡特敗與羅納德·里根時那樣，選民很大程度上是被他們想變革的欲望調(diào)動起來的。
Candidates try to project a strong leadership image. Whether voters accept this image， however， depends more on external factors than on a candidate‘s personal characteristics.⑦ In 1991， after the Gulf War， Bush’s approval rating reached 91 percent， the highest level recorded since polling began in the 1930s.⑧ A year later， with the nation‘s economy in trouble， Bush’s approval rating dropped below 40 percent. ⑨Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war， but voters remained concerned about the economy. ⑽
7.本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，“whether voters accept this image” 是主語從句作主語。
此句意思：“然而選民們是否接受這一形象則更取決于外在因素而不是候選人的個人特征?！?BR> 8.句中the highest level recorded since polling began in the 1930s 是91 percent 的同位語。recorded 是過去分詞作后置定語修飾the highest level.
此句意思：“1991年海灣戰(zhàn)爭以后，布什的支持率達(dá)到91%，這是自20世紀(jì)30年代開始民意測驗(yàn)以來的記錄?！?BR> 9.句中with the nation‘s economy in trouble.作伴隨狀語
“一年以后，隨著國家經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入困境，布什的支持率則下降到40%以下。”
“ with + 名詞 + 介詞詞組/形容詞/分詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作狀語，表示伴隨條件或原因等
舉例： ①with + 名詞+ 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞
He didn‘t take part in the party， with his mother being ill. 因?yàn)樗麐寢尣×?，所以他沒有參加晚會。
②with +名詞+動詞過去分詞
With all the housework done， she went shopping. 干完了所有的家務(wù)后，她便去購物。
③with + 名詞+形容詞
With the window open， he fell asleep. 他開著窗戶睡著了。
④with + 名詞+ 介詞
The lecturer walked in with a file under his arm. 演講者掖下夾著一個文件走了進(jìn)來。
He went out with no hat on. 他沒戴帽子出去了。
10.句中remained是系動詞，concerned about the economy 是表語。
“布什試圖重振其戰(zhàn)爭期間強(qiáng)有力的形象，但選民們始終關(guān)心的是經(jīng)濟(jì)?！?BR> The candidates‘ strategies are shaped by many considerations， including the constitutional provision that each state shall have electoral votes equal in number to its representation in Congress. ⑾ Each state thus gets two electoral votes for its Senate representation and a varying number of electoral votes depending on its House representation. Altogether， there are 538 electoral votes （including three for the District of Columbia， even though it has no voting representatives in Congress）。 To win the presidency， a candidate must receive at least 270 votes， an electoral majority. ⑿
11.including the constitutional provision that each state shall have electoral votes equal in number to its representation in Congress. 分詞短語，起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。其中that引導(dǎo)的是provision同位語從句，equal in number to its representation in Congress 是形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾 votes ，
短語的譯文“包括憲法的這一條款：每個州具有的選舉人票數(shù)與其在國會中的代表人數(shù)相同?！?BR> 12.To win the presidency， 是全句的目的狀語，an electoral majority 是270 votes 的同位語
要贏得總統(tǒng)席位，候選人必須至少獲得270票，即選票的大多數(shù)。
Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states which have the largest population，⒀ such as California （with 54 electoral votes）， New York （33）， Texas （32）， Florida （25）， Pennsylvania （23）， Illinois （22）， and Ohio （21）。 Victory in the eleven largest slates alone would provide an electoral majority， ⒁ and presidential candidates therefore spend most of their time campaigning in those states. Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992， compared with Bush‘s 38 percent and Perot’s 19 percent； but Clinton won in states that gave him an overwhelming 370 electoral votes， compared with 168 for Bush and none for Perot.
13.句中which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾states， 意為“人口最多的州”
候選人特別關(guān)注人口最多的幾個州的州選舉中獲勝
14.句意為：“僅在這11個的州獲勝就可以獲得選舉的多數(shù)” 事實(shí)上，在11個的州同時獲勝幾乎是不可能的，因此本句用了虛擬語氣 would provide
alone 是形容詞，用于名詞或代詞后，意為“僅僅，只”
例： You alone can do it .只有你能作這事。
Time alone will show who was right. 只有時間能表明誰對。