在很大程度上，世界上許多國(guó)家說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)都和美式英語(yǔ)一樣。是的這樣沒(méi)錯(cuò)，但是在口語(yǔ)、拼寫(xiě)和口音上，確實(shí)會(huì)有和美國(guó)不同的地方，甚至在美國(guó)的不同地區(qū)都是有區(qū)別的。所以，要做到能讓美國(guó)人完全理解你，可不是那么簡(jiǎn)單的事情喲。以下內(nèi)容由整理發(fā)布，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請(qǐng)關(guān)注！
part1 Learning American English
1、Learn English.
American English is, for the most part, just the same as any other English. Apart from some phrases, colloquialisms, dialects, and spellings, most of the language is the same as the English spoken in Britain, Australia, Canada, and elsewhere around the globe. There are a few significant local differences, which leads some people to say that these groups are "separated by a common language." But in reality, most of the words and phrases are the same. If you know English and understand non-American English speakers, too, for the most part, you will do fine in America.
學(xué)英語(yǔ)。美國(guó)英語(yǔ)在很大程度上和其他英語(yǔ)一樣。除了部分短語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)、方言和拼寫(xiě)外，大部分的都與英國(guó)、澳大利亞、加拿大和世界其他地方說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)一樣。一些明顯的地方差異，導(dǎo)致有人說(shuō)這些群體“被一種共同語(yǔ)言分開(kāi)”。但實(shí)際上，大部分單詞和短語(yǔ)都是一樣的。如果你懂英語(yǔ)，也能理解除美國(guó)人以外的講英語(yǔ)的人，基本上，你在美國(guó)就會(huì)做得很好。
2、Listen for accents, dialects, and slang.
American English is spoken differently in each region of the U.S. Listen closely to pick up local phrases and colloquialisms, especially in social settings. You will begin to notice the difference when you travel from one region to another.
聽(tīng)口音、方言和俚語(yǔ)。美式英語(yǔ)在每個(gè)地區(qū)說(shuō)起來(lái)都不一樣。仔細(xì)去聽(tīng)，輕松學(xué)會(huì)當(dāng)?shù)氐亩陶Z(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)，尤其是在社交情景下。當(dāng)你從一個(gè)地區(qū)旅行到另一個(gè)地區(qū)時(shí)，你就會(huì)開(kāi)始注意到區(qū)別。
For some articles on regional accents and expressions, check out How to Imitate a Texan Accent, How to Speak With a Bostonian Accent, How to Speak With a Convincing New Jersey Accent, How to Talk Like a New Yorker, How to Fake a Chicago Accent, and How to Talk Like a Southern Gentleman.
一些關(guān)于地域口音和表達(dá)的文章，查看《如何模仿德州口音》《如何用波士頓口音交談》《如何說(shuō)出地道的新澤西口音》《像紐約人一樣說(shuō)話》《怎樣裝出芝加哥口音》以及《如何像南方紳士一樣說(shuō)話》。
3、Know some American English phrases.
You'll learn as you go, but here is a short list of American English, just to get you acquainted.
了解一些美式英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)。你去了就能學(xué)到，但這里有一份關(guān)于美式英語(yǔ)的小清單，只為了讓你熟悉一下。
① "Awesome" and "cool" are used to describe something great or positive or popular, more so than in other countries, and both words can be used as a positive reaction to something someone tells you, too.
① “Awesome”和“cool”用來(lái)形容一些很好的、積極的或流行的東西，在美國(guó)比其他國(guó)家的都要用得多，而且這兩個(gè)詞也可以用來(lái)作為對(duì)別人告訴你某件事的積極反應(yīng)。
② "What's up?" or "Sup" for short. This phrase is used to ask someone what they're doing, how they are, and as a general greeting. It is not socially acceptable in formal occasions, but it's fine to use casually with friends. It's most often used by young men.
② “What's up?”或簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“Sup”，這個(gè)短語(yǔ)用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)別人正在做什么，他們?cè)鯓?，以及作為一般的?wèn)候。雖然在正式場(chǎng)合下，這樣說(shuō)是不被社會(huì)所接受的，但在朋友之間是可以隨意使用的。年輕人*常使用它。
③ "Hanging out" is spending time somewhere or with someone. It can be used in describing or arranging one particular event ("Do you want to hang out?") or more generally to describe a habit ("I hang out at the mall a lot"). It's a phrase often used by teenagers to describe how they pass time and socialize, often without one particular activity or aim. It can also be used to describe time spent around the house or doing nothing in particular ("What are you up to?" / "Not much; just hanging out”).
③ “Hanging out”是指在某個(gè)地方或與某人在一起打發(fā)時(shí)間。它可以用來(lái)描述或安排特定活動(dòng)(“你想出去玩嗎?”)，或者更常用來(lái)描述一個(gè)習(xí)慣(“我經(jīng)常在購(gòu)物中心閑逛”)。這是青少年經(jīng)常使用的一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)描述他們?nèi)绾蜗矔r(shí)間和社交，通常沒(méi)有特定的活動(dòng)或目的。它也可以用來(lái)描述花時(shí)間在家附近瞎轉(zhuǎn)悠，或沒(méi)做什么做特別的事(“你在做什么?”/“沒(méi)啥，只是閑逛”)。
④ "Y'all" is a contraction of "You all", the second person plural mode of directly addressing a group of people. It is used primarily in the Southern States but is acceptable in other regions.
④ “Y'all”是“You all”的縮寫(xiě)，第二人稱(chēng)，直接稱(chēng)呼一群人的復(fù)數(shù)形式。它主要用于南部各州，但在其他地區(qū)也是接受這種說(shuō)法的。
4、Know what English words won't be understood.
If you've studied British English in the past, realize that not all of the words and phrases will be identical in the US. If you use British English words, phrases, or spellings in these situations, you might not be understood. Learn the American versions instead:
知道哪些英語(yǔ)單詞是不能理解的。如果你過(guò)去學(xué)過(guò)英式英語(yǔ)，要意識(shí)到，在美國(guó)這些單詞和短語(yǔ)并非都是一樣的。如果你在以下情況下使用英式英語(yǔ)單詞、短語(yǔ)或拼寫(xiě)，別人可能無(wú)法理解（✨也許因?yàn)橛缅e(cuò)的次數(shù)多了哈哈，在很多情況下英美人都能互相理解啦，但是同學(xué)們還是可以注意一下兩國(guó)之間的區(qū)別喲！✨）。學(xué)習(xí)一下它們的美國(guó)版本:
• Restroom/bathroom instead of Toilet/Lavatory
• Elevator instead of Lift
• Trunk instead of Boot
• Freeway instead of motorway
• Sweater instead of jumper
• Pants for trousers, not underwear
• Vest for waistcoat (the underwear version is often just called an undershirt instead)
• Sneakers instead of Trainers
• Diaper instead of nappy
• Bathing suit instead of swimming costume
• Vacation instead of holiday (holidays tend to mean national bank holidays only)
• French fries instead of chips
• Chips instead of crisps
• Gasoline instead of Petrol
• Truck instead of Lorry
• Flashlight instead of Torch
• Color instead of colour
• Favorite instead of Favourite
• Popsicle instead of Ice Lolly
• Tire instead of Tyre
• Napkins should only be used to wipe your face at dinnertime
Part.2 Interacting with Americans
1、Make an effort to communicate in English.
Don't expect everyone to know or understand your unique dialect. The US is an immigrant nation and has always welcomed newcomers to their country. However, they seldom learn to speak other languages. 95% of Americans will never travel to all 50 of the United States much less travel abroad, so if they don't understand you well or speak your language... don't think they are ignorant, they are just practical.
努力用英語(yǔ)交流。別期望每個(gè)人都能明白或理解你獨(dú)特的表達(dá)。美國(guó)是一個(gè)移民國(guó)家，一直歡迎新移民的到來(lái)。然而，他們很少學(xué)習(xí)其他語(yǔ)言。95%的美國(guó)人永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)把本國(guó)的50個(gè)州都游一遍，更別說(shuō)出國(guó)了，所以如果他們不能很好地理解明白你，或你的語(yǔ)言……不要認(rèn)為他們是無(wú)知的，他們只是很講究實(shí)用。
2、Approach interactions with a sense of humor.
If you do not speak good English, don't be offended if an American jokes or laughs when you say something that doesn't make sense to them. For some Americans, laughter can be a way of trying to reduce the frustration with language barriers; it isn't intended disrespectfully. Just laugh too, as it is common and natural for misunderstandings in the beginning.
和幽默感打交道。如果你英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不好，當(dāng)你說(shuō)一些他們無(wú)法聽(tīng)懂的東西時(shí)，不要感到被美國(guó)人的玩笑或笑聲所冒犯。對(duì)一些美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，笑是可以減少語(yǔ)言障礙帶來(lái)的挫敗感的一種方式；它并非是有意無(wú)禮的。也只需笑一笑，因?yàn)樵谝婚_(kāi)始開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，誤解是常見(jiàn)和自然的。
3、Don't make assumptions based on one person's behavior.
You might meet someone friendly, or someone rude, but that doesn't mean they represent all Americans. Additionally, attitudes can vary depending on where you are and who you're talking to; the attitude of people in large cities may be somewhat different than the attitude of those living in rural or farming communities. People in major cities tend to do things more briskly and may seem rude to you. Please don't generalize this as a representation of how the USA acts. If three New Yorkers are rude to you, don't go home and tell all your friends, "Americans are rude.”
不要基于一個(gè)人的行為而做出假設(shè)。你可能會(huì)遇到友好的人，或是粗魯?shù)娜?，但這并不是說(shuō)他們就代表了所有的美國(guó)人。此外，會(huì)因你所在的地方及與你談話的人，（他們的）態(tài)度會(huì)有所不同；大城市居民的態(tài)度可能與鄉(xiāng)村或農(nóng)耕社區(qū)居民的態(tài)度有幾分不同。大城市里的人做事更迅速效率，對(duì)你似乎很粗魯。請(qǐng)不要一概而論，認(rèn)為這就是美國(guó)的表現(xiàn)方式。如果有三個(gè)紐約人對(duì)你粗魯無(wú)禮，別回家告訴你所有的朋友說(shuō)：“美國(guó)人很粗魯?！?BR> 4、Try to speak a 'little' louder when you're talking to someone in America.
It's perfectly acceptable over in the States, and it creates an atmosphere of congeniality.
當(dāng)你在美國(guó)和別人說(shuō)話時(shí)，試著稍微大聲一點(diǎn)。在美國(guó)這是完全可以接受的，它創(chuàng)造了一種意氣相投的氛圍。
5、Be polite and considerate.
Don't always speak what’s on your mind, if it might sound offensive. That doesn't mean mute all of your thoughts but try to construct them in a way that won't offend your host. Manners matter, and it's important to be gracious, considerate, and kind, especially to an American who's hosting you in their home.
要禮貌、體貼。不要老是把你的想法說(shuō)出來(lái)，如果聽(tīng)起來(lái)會(huì)很無(wú)禮的話。這并不是說(shuō)對(duì)你所有的想法都要保持沉默，而是嘗試以一種不會(huì)冒犯招待你的主人的方式來(lái)構(gòu)建它們。禮儀是件大事，保持禮貌、體貼、善良很重要，尤其是對(duì)一個(gè)在自己家里招待你的美國(guó)人。