PETS二級(jí)語(yǔ)法講解105

字號(hào):

I had to rely on the subtitles.
    Carl: I've just seen the latest movie from China.
    Vera: Good?
    Carl: Oh yes. It was about a family who lived in the late Qing dynasty.
    Vera: I know you're learning Chinese. Did you understand everything?
    Carl: No, not really. They spoke too fast for me to catch much, so I had to rely on the subtitles.
    Vera: Yes, they're always very helpful when you're watching a foreign-language movie.
    卡爾:我剛剛看了最新放映的那部中國(guó)電影。
    薇拉:好看嗎?
    卡爾:很好,劇情是說晚清時(shí)代的一個(gè)家庭。
    薇拉:我知道你在學(xué)中文,電影對(duì)白都聽得懂嗎?
    卡爾:啊,不行。他們說得太快,我聽得到的不多,所以得依靠字幕。
    薇拉:看外語(yǔ)電影,字幕實(shí)在很有用。
    卡爾看外語(yǔ)電影后說:I had to rely on the subtitles.
    Rely和depend都可解作'依靠',其后一般用on或較正式的upon帶出所依靠的人、物。
    Rely、depend的用法大致沒有分別,例如卡爾大可以說:I had to depend on the subtitles.'相信某人會(huì)做某事'也可用這兩個(gè)字來說,例如:You can rely/depend on him to do a good job(你可以放心,他一定會(huì)把工作做好)。
    有學(xué)者認(rèn)為,rely是指'按過去經(jīng)驗(yàn)而信賴',depend是指'信賴別人的幫助',但這分別一般很難判斷,多數(shù)人不會(huì)理會(huì)。
    Depend和rely最不同的地方,是depend有'取決于'、'看……而定'的意思,rely則沒有,例如:I may buy the antique Chinese vase, but it depends on the price(我或許會(huì)買下那個(gè)古董中國(guó)花瓶,但要看價(jià)錢)。這一句的depend即不可用rely取代。
    口頭上,depend之后假如用間接問句(indirect question),可不用on;但是,書面上,還是應(yīng)該加一on字,例如:Whether or not you will succeed depends (on) how hard you work(你能不能成功,須看你有多努力)。
    美式英文dependent一字可作形容詞,指'依靠的';也可作名詞,指'某人須照顧的親屬'.英式英文也以dependent作形容詞,但常以dependant作名詞,例如:(1) A baby is entirely dependent on its parents(嬰兒完全依靠父母)。(2) How many dependents/dependants do you have?(你有多少親屬須照顧?)