第四節(jié)詞匯考試中的解題思路及對(duì)策
語(yǔ)言中詞匯，猶如建造摩天大樓的磚瓦，是構(gòu)成語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)。掌握好這一部分不僅有利于做好詞匯試題，也對(duì)答好全套試卷中的其它試題起著至關(guān)重要的作用，當(dāng)然，對(duì)于能否學(xué)好一門(mén)語(yǔ)言，詞匯的重要性自是不言而喻。但是，掌握詞匯乃至它們的用法并非一日之功，需要日積月累，方能見(jiàn)效。
一、優(yōu)選法
詞匯試題中都有一些題型無(wú)需仔細(xì)研讀或分析就能直接選出正確答案，比如說(shuō)熟悉的詞語(yǔ)，固定搭配詞語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)等。考試中遇到這類(lèi)題型時(shí)，只需找到題干中的信息詞語(yǔ)，即能快速、準(zhǔn)確地選定答案。如
(1). The students _________ to the new environment shortly after they came to the university.
A. adoptedB. adaptedC. suitedD. regulated
【答案】B。
【解析】在該題中，只要看題干中有哪一個(gè)動(dòng)詞能和介詞to搭配，就能順利地選出正確答案了。除了選項(xiàng)B之外，意為“使… 適應(yīng)”，A的意思是“采納，收養(yǎng)”；C倒是符合題意，但它是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能用介詞；選項(xiàng)D的意思為“調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)”，均與題意不合。
(2). With his funny performance, Charlie Chaplin __________ the Little Tramp successfully in the film.
A. discoveredB. inventedC. madeD. created
【答案】D。
【解析】這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思較為接近，但屬于一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。
(3). Facing the present economic depression, he kept worrying about the future, not knowing what was to __________him.
A. become ofB. become toC. become withD. happen
【答案】A。
【解析】這是一個(gè)固定搭配的用法。其中become of 和happen都有“降臨, 遭遇”之意，但happen之后要用介詞to才行，B 、C兩個(gè)備選項(xiàng)只是為了迷惑考生而設(shè)計(jì)的干擾項(xiàng)。
二、排除法
當(dāng)不能一眼選出正確答案時(shí)，可根據(jù)題干句子的意思來(lái)分析各選項(xiàng)，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或其它信息排除干擾選項(xiàng)，從而提高答題的準(zhǔn)確率，能排除的選項(xiàng)越多，準(zhǔn)確率就越高。如：
(1). The soldier found ________ a hero when he returned to his hometown and was greeted with warm welcome.
A. himself something ofB. himself something about
C. himself anything ofD. himself nothing of
【答案】A。
【解析】在以上備選項(xiàng)中，something of表示“有幾分”；nothing of表示“絲毫沒(méi)有”；anything of只用于疑問(wèn)句中。故可首先排除B和C，又根據(jù)句子意思表達(dá)的是一種肯定意義，因而A項(xiàng)是正確答案。
(2). I have announced on many occasions that I will proceed with my goal, _______________.
A. however difficult may it beB. however it may be difficult
C. how difficult it may beD. however difficult it may be
【答案】D。
【解析】從題干分析，要求完成的部分是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該使用陳述語(yǔ)序。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A 的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，B結(jié)構(gòu)不正確，可先排除這兩項(xiàng)。再把C、D兩項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較，可按however +adj/adv的句式結(jié)構(gòu)得知C項(xiàng)缺少了其詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)式，故正確答案惟有D。
(3). __________ everything his fiends had done for him, he refused to help them and so they were very disappointed in him.
A. In return ofB. In spite of
C. Because ofD. As a result of
【答案】B。
【解析】本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)按其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)都可以，是復(fù)合介詞+名詞的形式，然而從題干語(yǔ)義上“盡管他朋友事事都幫他，然而他卻不幫朋友，因而大家對(duì)他都失望了”分析，則首先可以排除C 、D兩項(xiàng)，剩下的A項(xiàng)表示“回報(bào)”之義，惟有B項(xiàng)符合題義。
語(yǔ)言中詞匯，猶如建造摩天大樓的磚瓦，是構(gòu)成語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)。掌握好這一部分不僅有利于做好詞匯試題，也對(duì)答好全套試卷中的其它試題起著至關(guān)重要的作用，當(dāng)然，對(duì)于能否學(xué)好一門(mén)語(yǔ)言，詞匯的重要性自是不言而喻。但是，掌握詞匯乃至它們的用法并非一日之功，需要日積月累，方能見(jiàn)效。
一、優(yōu)選法
詞匯試題中都有一些題型無(wú)需仔細(xì)研讀或分析就能直接選出正確答案，比如說(shuō)熟悉的詞語(yǔ)，固定搭配詞語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)等。考試中遇到這類(lèi)題型時(shí)，只需找到題干中的信息詞語(yǔ)，即能快速、準(zhǔn)確地選定答案。如
(1). The students _________ to the new environment shortly after they came to the university.
A. adoptedB. adaptedC. suitedD. regulated
【答案】B。
【解析】在該題中，只要看題干中有哪一個(gè)動(dòng)詞能和介詞to搭配，就能順利地選出正確答案了。除了選項(xiàng)B之外，意為“使… 適應(yīng)”，A的意思是“采納，收養(yǎng)”；C倒是符合題意，但它是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能用介詞；選項(xiàng)D的意思為“調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)”，均與題意不合。
(2). With his funny performance, Charlie Chaplin __________ the Little Tramp successfully in the film.
A. discoveredB. inventedC. madeD. created
【答案】D。
【解析】這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思較為接近，但屬于一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。
(3). Facing the present economic depression, he kept worrying about the future, not knowing what was to __________him.
A. become ofB. become toC. become withD. happen
【答案】A。
【解析】這是一個(gè)固定搭配的用法。其中become of 和happen都有“降臨, 遭遇”之意，但happen之后要用介詞to才行，B 、C兩個(gè)備選項(xiàng)只是為了迷惑考生而設(shè)計(jì)的干擾項(xiàng)。
二、排除法
當(dāng)不能一眼選出正確答案時(shí)，可根據(jù)題干句子的意思來(lái)分析各選項(xiàng)，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或其它信息排除干擾選項(xiàng)，從而提高答題的準(zhǔn)確率，能排除的選項(xiàng)越多，準(zhǔn)確率就越高。如：
(1). The soldier found ________ a hero when he returned to his hometown and was greeted with warm welcome.
A. himself something ofB. himself something about
C. himself anything ofD. himself nothing of
【答案】A。
【解析】在以上備選項(xiàng)中，something of表示“有幾分”；nothing of表示“絲毫沒(méi)有”；anything of只用于疑問(wèn)句中。故可首先排除B和C，又根據(jù)句子意思表達(dá)的是一種肯定意義，因而A項(xiàng)是正確答案。
(2). I have announced on many occasions that I will proceed with my goal, _______________.
A. however difficult may it beB. however it may be difficult
C. how difficult it may beD. however difficult it may be
【答案】D。
【解析】從題干分析，要求完成的部分是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該使用陳述語(yǔ)序。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A 的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，B結(jié)構(gòu)不正確，可先排除這兩項(xiàng)。再把C、D兩項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較，可按however +adj/adv的句式結(jié)構(gòu)得知C項(xiàng)缺少了其詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)式，故正確答案惟有D。
(3). __________ everything his fiends had done for him, he refused to help them and so they were very disappointed in him.
A. In return ofB. In spite of
C. Because ofD. As a result of
【答案】B。
【解析】本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)按其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)都可以，是復(fù)合介詞+名詞的形式，然而從題干語(yǔ)義上“盡管他朋友事事都幫他，然而他卻不幫朋友，因而大家對(duì)他都失望了”分析，則首先可以排除C 、D兩項(xiàng)，剩下的A項(xiàng)表示“回報(bào)”之義，惟有B項(xiàng)符合題義。