副作用是否為不良反應(yīng)的同義詞

字號(hào):

副作用是否為不良反應(yīng)的同義詞?
    一種藥物常有多種作用,在正常劑量情況下出現(xiàn)與用藥目的無(wú)關(guān)的反應(yīng)稱為副作用(side effect)。
    一般說(shuō)來(lái),副作用比較輕微,多為可逆性機(jī)能變化,停藥后通常很快消退。
    副作用隨用藥目的不同而改變,如阿托品作為麻醉前給藥抑制腺體分泌,則術(shù)后腸脹氣,尿潴留為副作用,而當(dāng)阿托品用于解除膽道痙攣時(shí),心悸、口干成為副作用。
    有些人將副作用作為不良反應(yīng)的同義詞,其實(shí)該兩詞的含義不盡相同,為了避免混淆,WHO國(guó)際藥物監(jiān)測(cè)合作中心規(guī)定了副作用的定義,并作了說(shuō)明如下:
    Side Effect: Any unintended effect of a pharmaceutical product occuring at doses normally in man which is related to pharmacological properties of the drug.This is an old term and is broad enough to include both positive and negative effects of a drug apart from its main properties or indication. Some use the term as synonymos with adverse reactions, but the proposed definition will improve clarity of use of this term .