所謂簡單的定語從句，是指一個句子只含一個定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)。這類定語從句，不論是限制性的還是非限制笥的，在結(jié)構(gòu)上與先行詞的關(guān)系比較簡單，翻譯時多譯成定語，也可譯成并列句、狀語從句或獨立句等；這種定語從句還可譯成句子成分，即和先行詞放在一起翻譯，它有如下幾種情況：
1．譯成主句把先行詞譯成定語，而把定語從句譯成主句：
In the northern Balkans where the Bulgars were a constant threat to the empire, Basil Ii won such a crushing victory in 1014 that he was known thereafter as Bulgaroktouns, or "the Bulgar-Slayer."
巴爾干半島北部的保加利亞人，一直是帝國的威脅，1014年，巴西耳二世在巴爾干半島北部取得決定性勝利，從此被稱為"屠殺保加利亞人的劊子手。"
2． 譯成謂語 把先行詞或主句譯成主語，把定語從句譯成謂語或動賓結(jié)構(gòu)：
In the East the Persians, who had been bribed into peace during Justinian's reign, now set out under their ambitious king of kings, Chosroes II, to eliminate altogether the East Roman Empire.
在東部，查士丁尼統(tǒng)治時期，波斯人因受賄曾與拜占廷媾和；現(xiàn)在，他們在野心勃勃的大皇帝科斯羅埃斯二世的率領(lǐng)下，開始全面消滅東羅馬帝國。（謂語）
The second two groups organized great though short-lived medival kingdoms, which borrowed their culture from Byzantium.
后兩個種族，借鑒拜占廷文化，建立了短暫但卻偉大的中世紀王國。（動賓結(jié)構(gòu)）
3． 譯成同位結(jié)構(gòu) 把定語從句譯成先行詞的同位語：
This demarcation was reinforced by internal convulsions within the Moslem world culminating in the accession of the Abbasid Caliphate (750), which moved the Islamic capital from Damascus to Baghdad.
這一分界線因穆斯林世界的內(nèi)部騷動而得以加強，阿撥斯王朝的建立（750年），伊斯蘭教首教從大馬士革遷移巴格達，結(jié)束了這種騷動。
1．譯成主句把先行詞譯成定語，而把定語從句譯成主句：
In the northern Balkans where the Bulgars were a constant threat to the empire, Basil Ii won such a crushing victory in 1014 that he was known thereafter as Bulgaroktouns, or "the Bulgar-Slayer."
巴爾干半島北部的保加利亞人，一直是帝國的威脅，1014年，巴西耳二世在巴爾干半島北部取得決定性勝利，從此被稱為"屠殺保加利亞人的劊子手。"
2． 譯成謂語 把先行詞或主句譯成主語，把定語從句譯成謂語或動賓結(jié)構(gòu)：
In the East the Persians, who had been bribed into peace during Justinian's reign, now set out under their ambitious king of kings, Chosroes II, to eliminate altogether the East Roman Empire.
在東部，查士丁尼統(tǒng)治時期，波斯人因受賄曾與拜占廷媾和；現(xiàn)在，他們在野心勃勃的大皇帝科斯羅埃斯二世的率領(lǐng)下，開始全面消滅東羅馬帝國。（謂語）
The second two groups organized great though short-lived medival kingdoms, which borrowed their culture from Byzantium.
后兩個種族，借鑒拜占廷文化，建立了短暫但卻偉大的中世紀王國。（動賓結(jié)構(gòu)）
3． 譯成同位結(jié)構(gòu) 把定語從句譯成先行詞的同位語：
This demarcation was reinforced by internal convulsions within the Moslem world culminating in the accession of the Abbasid Caliphate (750), which moved the Islamic capital from Damascus to Baghdad.
這一分界線因穆斯林世界的內(nèi)部騷動而得以加強，阿撥斯王朝的建立（750年），伊斯蘭教首教從大馬士革遷移巴格達，結(jié)束了這種騷動。