1. pesticiden. chemical substance used to kill pest. 殺蟲劑
e.g.: The flee-infested room had to be sprayed with a strong pesticide.
2. devastatingadj. very destructive 毀滅性的
e.g.: WWI was a devastating war.
派生詞匯 devastate vt. 使荒蕪；毀滅，蹂躝；破壞 devastated adj. 被破壞的 devastative adj.破壞性的，毀滅性的 devastator n. 蹂躝者，劫掠者
3. mutationn. a change or alteration inform or qualities （形式或性質(zhì)的）變化
e.g.: Monocultures are a case of such mutation. 單栽培就是這樣的一種變化。
派生詞匯 mutant n. 突變體 mutational adj. 突變的 mutationism n.突變主義；突變論 mutationist n. 突變主義者
4. equilibriumn. state or being balanced 平衡狀態(tài)
e.g.: He cannot maintain enough equilibrium to ride a bike.
必背搭配 be in equilibrium (with ); reach equilibrium with
5. concordn. harmony or agreement of interests of feelings; accord 興趣或感覺協(xié)調(diào)一致；和諧
e.g.: We should live in concord with neighbor.
必背搭配 in concord; live in concord with sb.
派生詞匯 concordance n. 協(xié)議；和諧
6. bombayn. compartment in an aircraft for carrying bombs 炸彈艙
e.g.: The bombay in the aircraft was full.
派生詞匯 bombard vt. ① 炮擊；轟炸 ②痛斥，（連珠炮似地）質(zhì)問(wèn)
7. inauspiciousadj. having signs which show that future success is unlikely 不祥的
e.g.: This is an inauspicious occasion.
派生詞匯 inauspiciously adv. 不吉祥地，不利地 inauspiciousness n. 不吉祥，不利
8. smashedadj. drunk (俚)喝醉的
e.g.: He was smashed last night.
9. galleyn. long flat ship, usually rowed by slaves or criminals 平底大船
e.g.: The goods is carried by a galley.
10. pacifyvt. To calm or soothe the anger or distress of sb. 使某人安靜
e.g.: He tried to pacify his creditors by repaying part of the money.
派生詞匯 pacifiable adj. 可被調(diào)解的，可被平息的
11. topsailn. a kind of canvas poled with mast (海)上桅帆
e.g.: The topsails were used in voyage.
12. port
①n. strong, sweet wine made in Portugal 波爾圖葡萄酒
e.g.: This is port, a kind of famous wine. Do you want to have a try?
a place on a waterway with facilities for loading and unloading ships 港口
e.g.: The destroyer moored to the port. 驅(qū)逐艦泊入了港口
②vt. to turn(a craft ) or make a shift to the port side 向左轉(zhuǎn)（舵）或向左舷轉(zhuǎn)移
e.g.: The big ship was slowly porting.
13.Burgundyn. any of various types of red or white wine from the Burgundy area of France 勃墾第葡萄酒
e.g.: Burgundy is made in France.
14.vice versaadv. The other way round, with the terms or conditions reversed 反之亦然，反過(guò)來(lái)情況也一樣
e.g.: We gossip about them and vice versa, i.e. they gossip about us.
15. paralysisn. loss of feeling in control of a part of the body, caused by a disease of or an injury to the nerves; inability to move or function 麻痹，癱瘓；停滯不能移動(dòng)或運(yùn)行
e.g.: The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.
派生詞匯 paralytic adj. 癱瘓的；（BrE）爛醉的 paralyze vt. 使癱瘓；引起癱瘓 paralization n. 無(wú)力，關(guān)閉 paralyzer n. 麻痹藥
Exercises:
從以上單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，填入空格內(nèi)。
The city was __1__ by the enemy.
The UN troops are working to __2__Bosnia.
“__3__ the helm!” the captain shouted.
She hates him and __4__.
The depression caused a __5__ of trade.
答案：
1. bombarded
2. pacify
3. Port
4. vice versa
5. paralysis
e.g.: The flee-infested room had to be sprayed with a strong pesticide.
2. devastatingadj. very destructive 毀滅性的
e.g.: WWI was a devastating war.
派生詞匯 devastate vt. 使荒蕪；毀滅，蹂躝；破壞 devastated adj. 被破壞的 devastative adj.破壞性的，毀滅性的 devastator n. 蹂躝者，劫掠者
3. mutationn. a change or alteration inform or qualities （形式或性質(zhì)的）變化
e.g.: Monocultures are a case of such mutation. 單栽培就是這樣的一種變化。
派生詞匯 mutant n. 突變體 mutational adj. 突變的 mutationism n.突變主義；突變論 mutationist n. 突變主義者
4. equilibriumn. state or being balanced 平衡狀態(tài)
e.g.: He cannot maintain enough equilibrium to ride a bike.
必背搭配 be in equilibrium (with ); reach equilibrium with
5. concordn. harmony or agreement of interests of feelings; accord 興趣或感覺協(xié)調(diào)一致；和諧
e.g.: We should live in concord with neighbor.
必背搭配 in concord; live in concord with sb.
派生詞匯 concordance n. 協(xié)議；和諧
6. bombayn. compartment in an aircraft for carrying bombs 炸彈艙
e.g.: The bombay in the aircraft was full.
派生詞匯 bombard vt. ① 炮擊；轟炸 ②痛斥，（連珠炮似地）質(zhì)問(wèn)
7. inauspiciousadj. having signs which show that future success is unlikely 不祥的
e.g.: This is an inauspicious occasion.
派生詞匯 inauspiciously adv. 不吉祥地，不利地 inauspiciousness n. 不吉祥，不利
8. smashedadj. drunk (俚)喝醉的
e.g.: He was smashed last night.
9. galleyn. long flat ship, usually rowed by slaves or criminals 平底大船
e.g.: The goods is carried by a galley.
10. pacifyvt. To calm or soothe the anger or distress of sb. 使某人安靜
e.g.: He tried to pacify his creditors by repaying part of the money.
派生詞匯 pacifiable adj. 可被調(diào)解的，可被平息的
11. topsailn. a kind of canvas poled with mast (海)上桅帆
e.g.: The topsails were used in voyage.
12. port
①n. strong, sweet wine made in Portugal 波爾圖葡萄酒
e.g.: This is port, a kind of famous wine. Do you want to have a try?
a place on a waterway with facilities for loading and unloading ships 港口
e.g.: The destroyer moored to the port. 驅(qū)逐艦泊入了港口
②vt. to turn(a craft ) or make a shift to the port side 向左轉(zhuǎn)（舵）或向左舷轉(zhuǎn)移
e.g.: The big ship was slowly porting.
13.Burgundyn. any of various types of red or white wine from the Burgundy area of France 勃墾第葡萄酒
e.g.: Burgundy is made in France.
14.vice versaadv. The other way round, with the terms or conditions reversed 反之亦然，反過(guò)來(lái)情況也一樣
e.g.: We gossip about them and vice versa, i.e. they gossip about us.
15. paralysisn. loss of feeling in control of a part of the body, caused by a disease of or an injury to the nerves; inability to move or function 麻痹，癱瘓；停滯不能移動(dòng)或運(yùn)行
e.g.: The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.
派生詞匯 paralytic adj. 癱瘓的；（BrE）爛醉的 paralyze vt. 使癱瘓；引起癱瘓 paralization n. 無(wú)力，關(guān)閉 paralyzer n. 麻痹藥
Exercises:
從以上單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，填入空格內(nèi)。
The city was __1__ by the enemy.
The UN troops are working to __2__Bosnia.
“__3__ the helm!” the captain shouted.
She hates him and __4__.
The depression caused a __5__ of trade.
答案：
1. bombarded
2. pacify
3. Port
4. vice versa
5. paralysis