考研解析:閱讀理解B七選五題型

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解題原則分析
    求同存異123原則:文章的相鄰段落之間存在著聯(lián)系又同時存在差別。段落之間的聯(lián)系體現(xiàn)為二者之間共享同一主題詞;段落之間的差別體現(xiàn)為后面的段落比前面段落要多出一些內(nèi)容,而且這些多出的內(nèi)容恰恰體現(xiàn)了"啟下"的關(guān)系。因此,利用段落之間的差額主題名詞,即"相同表聯(lián)系,相異引下文"的原則,便可以確定下一段落的主題詞。
    解題步驟分析:
    第一段:Canada's premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, to reduce health-care costs.
    主題詞:Canada's premiers
    主體動作:
    have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa 在抱怨渥太華后留下一口氣
    might spare a moment to do something 該節(jié)約點時間做些事
    reduce health-care costs.減少醫(yī)療健康成本
    第二段:They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.
    主題詞:they 即Canada's premiers
    主體動作:
    groaning about soaring health budgets 抱怨與日俱增的醫(yī)療健康預(yù)算
    are pharmaceutical costs.是藥品成本
    第二段主題與第一段主題做減法得出的差額決定供選擇的41題目主題為:pharmaceutical costs. 在備選答案中找到以該詞為主題詞的段落,即E
    第三段:According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.
    主題詞:Canadian Institute for Health Information 加拿大醫(yī)療健康信息局
    主體動作:
    prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. 自從1997年處方藥品成本增加速度較之醫(yī)療健康總額快兩倍。
    is higher prices.是高價格。
    第四段:What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care----to say nothing of reports from other experts----recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.
    主題詞:Romanow commission and the Kirby committee
    主體動作:
    recommended the creation of a national drug agency. 倡導(dǎo)建立一個國家型組織。
    would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.該集中資源,與渥太華合作,并且建立一個國家型組織。
    第四段主題與第三段主題做減法得出的差額決定供選擇的42題目主題為:
    recommended the creation of national institution. 在備選答案中找到以該詞為主題的段落,即C
    第五段:What does "national" mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.
    主題詞:Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby
    主體動作:recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.
    第六段:But "national" doesn't have to mean that. "National" could mean interprovincial----provinces combining efforts to create one body. Either way, one benefit of a "national" organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province-or a series of hospitals within a province----negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces. Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.
    主題詞:national agency, interprovincial-provinces
    主體動作:
    combining efforts to create one body.聯(lián)手建立一個組織
    would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. 如果可能與藥品公司協(xié)商價格。
    the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.國家型組織代表所有省份協(xié)商價格。
    the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. 國家型組織代表三千一百萬人協(xié)商價格。
    the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.潛在消費者越多,價格會更加合理。
    第六段主題與第五段主題做減法得出的差額決定供選擇的43題目主題為:
    would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. 如果可能與藥品公司協(xié)商價格。
    the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.國家型組織代表所有省份協(xié)商價格。
    the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. 國家型組織代表三千一百萬人協(xié)商價格。
    the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.潛在消費者越多,價格會更加合理。在備選答案中找到以該詞為主題的段落,即G
    第八段:A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably and regrettably Quebec refused to join.
    主題詞:national agency, the Canadian Co-coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, Common Drug Review
    主體動作:
    A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. 已經(jīng)采取了一定的措施目的是建立一個加拿大醫(yī)療技術(shù)評估協(xié)同辦公室,由渥太華和其他省份資助。
    drugs should be included.要包含藥品。
    Quebec refused to join.魁北克拒絕加入。
    第九段:A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.
    主題詞:A few premiers, Ottawa, national list, drug costs
    主體動作:
    are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. 懷疑任何聯(lián)邦省際間的交易。
    want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. 想要渥太華多承擔(dān)幾十億的費用,和附帶的一些份額。
    That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.那就是為什么國家組織清單的想法一無所獲,而藥品成本持續(xù)增加。
    第九段主題與第八段主題做減法得出的差額決定供選擇的44題目主題為:
    are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making.懷疑任何聯(lián)邦省際間的交易。
    want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. 想要渥太華多承擔(dān)幾十億的費用,和附帶的一些份額。
    That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.那就是為什么國家組織清單的想法一無所獲,而藥品成本持續(xù)增加。在備選答案中找到以該詞為主題的段落,即F
    第十段:So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.
    主題詞:the provinces
    主體動作:
    want to run the health-care show,想要經(jīng)營醫(yī)療健康秀
    should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. 應(yīng)該證明他們有能力經(jīng)營,從一個省際清單開始,節(jié)約管理成本,避免任何一個省的反對,并且協(xié)商更合理的價格。
    第十一段:Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs."
    主題詞:Premiers, Mr. Romanow's report, A national drug agency, pharmaceutical companies
    主體動作:
    love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs."喜歡選擇性的引用Mr. Romanow的報告,尤其關(guān)注錢的部分。或許他們應(yīng)該讀到關(guān)于藥品的表述:"一個國家性藥品組織應(yīng)該給政府壓力去影響藥品公司,目的是限制日趨增加的藥品成本。
    第十一段主題與第十段主題做減法得出的差額決定供選擇的45題目主題為:
    love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs."喜歡選擇性的引用Mr. Romanow的報告,尤其關(guān)注錢的部分。或許他們應(yīng)該讀到關(guān)于藥品的表述:"一個國家性藥品組織應(yīng)該給政府壓力去影響藥品公司,目的是限制日趨增加的藥品成本。在備選答案中找到以該詞為主題的段落,即B。