一、代詞
代詞中主要講解六個(gè)問題來源:考試大
?。ㄒ唬?掌握代詞的幾種格:主格、賓格、所有格 名詞前面用代詞來修飾,只能用所有格(my books)
(二) 反身代詞
當(dāng)主語和賓語表示同一事物時(shí),賓語使用反身代詞。
He killed himself. (他自殺了)
He killed him. (他殺了他)來源:考試大
例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
A B
a series of indicators that could help
C
themselves to predict earthquakes.
D
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為them。如果用反身代詞themselves,指代對(duì)象是從句主語that(即名詞indicators),這顯然是錯(cuò)誤的。從句意來看,help的賓語應(yīng)該是主句主語researchers,故應(yīng)用代詞賓格而不是反身代詞。注意C并沒有錯(cuò),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could 比can語氣弱,表示較小的可能性。
Indicator為征兆,這些征兆幫助他們來預(yù)言地震。主語是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一個(gè)事物。
(三) 代詞的單復(fù)數(shù),代詞的性別來源:考試大
在考試中如果代詞打橫線,代詞錯(cuò)誤的概率是非常高的,因此代詞打橫線,應(yīng)該先看代詞有沒有錯(cuò)。
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
A B C D
Pacific.
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為those。D指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞waters, it是單數(shù),顯然是錯(cuò)誤的,根據(jù)習(xí)慣故改為those。注意waters一詞并沒有錯(cuò),它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Water作為水是不可數(shù)名詞,waters表示水域,通常使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Work作為工作是不可數(shù)名詞,work作為作品,可數(shù)不可數(shù)都可以,例如:
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品
例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined
A
the word“normalcy”to express social and
B
economic conditions they promised the nation.
C D
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為he。動(dòng)作promised是由Warren Harding發(fā)出來的,故用第三人稱單數(shù)he來指代。
例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important
A
work is not poetry, but his biography, John
B C
Keats, published the year of her death.
D
分析:C錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為her。his指男性,顯然是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)改為her與后面的her同指Amy Lowell.
(四) Who和which的區(qū)別
which指代事物或者動(dòng)物,who指代人,who/whom son往往要改為whose son, whose可以指代事物。
例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
A B
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為which或that。先行詞不是指人,而是指物,關(guān)系代詞不能用who,故改為which或that。
人體前面加定冠詞the, account for 占有多大的比例,解釋說明。
(五) that和which的區(qū)別來源:考試大 介詞后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外來源:考試大
例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
A B
would affect society could not have been foreseen.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為which。The extent to which, 介詞加which(引導(dǎo)定語從句),影響社會(huì)的程度沒有被預(yù)見
(六) 定語從句的特殊省略來源:考試大 Reason后面有定語從句,中間往往省略why, Time后面有定語從句,中間往往省略when,way后面有定語從句,中間省略了in which。
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly
A B
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為main。mainly為副詞,不能個(gè)飾后面的名詞,故改為形容詞main。句子中people take medicine修飾reason,定語從句引導(dǎo)詞被省略
例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has
affected the way people in the United States----.
(A) living and working來源:考試大
(B) they live and work 來源:考試大
(C) live and work來源:考試大
(D) to live and to work
分析:選擇C, the way people....影響了人們生活和工作的方式。
代詞中主要講解六個(gè)問題來源:考試大
?。ㄒ唬?掌握代詞的幾種格:主格、賓格、所有格 名詞前面用代詞來修飾,只能用所有格(my books)
(二) 反身代詞
當(dāng)主語和賓語表示同一事物時(shí),賓語使用反身代詞。
He killed himself. (他自殺了)
He killed him. (他殺了他)來源:考試大
例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
A B
a series of indicators that could help
C
themselves to predict earthquakes.
D
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為them。如果用反身代詞themselves,指代對(duì)象是從句主語that(即名詞indicators),這顯然是錯(cuò)誤的。從句意來看,help的賓語應(yīng)該是主句主語researchers,故應(yīng)用代詞賓格而不是反身代詞。注意C并沒有錯(cuò),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could 比can語氣弱,表示較小的可能性。
Indicator為征兆,這些征兆幫助他們來預(yù)言地震。主語是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一個(gè)事物。
(三) 代詞的單復(fù)數(shù),代詞的性別來源:考試大
在考試中如果代詞打橫線,代詞錯(cuò)誤的概率是非常高的,因此代詞打橫線,應(yīng)該先看代詞有沒有錯(cuò)。
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
A B C D
Pacific.
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為those。D指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞waters, it是單數(shù),顯然是錯(cuò)誤的,根據(jù)習(xí)慣故改為those。注意waters一詞并沒有錯(cuò),它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Water作為水是不可數(shù)名詞,waters表示水域,通常使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Work作為工作是不可數(shù)名詞,work作為作品,可數(shù)不可數(shù)都可以,例如:
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品
例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined
A
the word“normalcy”to express social and
B
economic conditions they promised the nation.
C D
分析:D錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為he。動(dòng)作promised是由Warren Harding發(fā)出來的,故用第三人稱單數(shù)he來指代。
例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important
A
work is not poetry, but his biography, John
B C
Keats, published the year of her death.
D
分析:C錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為her。his指男性,顯然是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)改為her與后面的her同指Amy Lowell.
(四) Who和which的區(qū)別
which指代事物或者動(dòng)物,who指代人,who/whom son往往要改為whose son, whose可以指代事物。
例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
A B
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為which或that。先行詞不是指人,而是指物,關(guān)系代詞不能用who,故改為which或that。
人體前面加定冠詞the, account for 占有多大的比例,解釋說明。
(五) that和which的區(qū)別來源:考試大 介詞后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外來源:考試大
例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
A B
would affect society could not have been foreseen.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為which。The extent to which, 介詞加which(引導(dǎo)定語從句),影響社會(huì)的程度沒有被預(yù)見
(六) 定語從句的特殊省略來源:考試大 Reason后面有定語從句,中間往往省略why, Time后面有定語從句,中間往往省略when,way后面有定語從句,中間省略了in which。
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly
A B
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.
C D
分析:B錯(cuò),應(yīng)改為main。mainly為副詞,不能個(gè)飾后面的名詞,故改為形容詞main。句子中people take medicine修飾reason,定語從句引導(dǎo)詞被省略
例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has
affected the way people in the United States----.
(A) living and working來源:考試大
(B) they live and work 來源:考試大
(C) live and work來源:考試大
(D) to live and to work
分析:選擇C, the way people....影響了人們生活和工作的方式。